Thermodynamic System and Its Quantification

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Long-Qing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic System

scholarly journals Order parameter profiles in a system with Neumann – Neumann boundary conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 01009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassil M. Vassilev ◽  
Daniel M. Dantchev ◽  
Peter A. Djondjorov
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Neumann Boundary ◽  
Elliptic Functions ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Neumann Boundary Conditions ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
Field Plane

In this article we consider a critical thermodynamic system with the shape of a thin film confined between two parallel planes. It is assumed that the state of the system at a given temperature and external ordering field is described by order-parameter profiles, which minimize the one-dimensional counterpart of the standard ϕ4 Ginzburg–Landau Hamiltonian and meet the so-called Neumann – Neumann boundary conditions. We give analytic representation of the extremals of this variational problem in terms ofWeierstrass elliptic functions. Then, depending on the temperature and ordering field we determine the minimizers and obtain the phase diagram in the temperature-field plane.

Normality Structures With Thermodynamic Equilibrium Points

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Yang ◽  
R. K. Wang ◽  
L. J. Xue
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
System A ◽  
Plastic Dissipation ◽  
Flow Potential ◽  
Yield Surfaces ◽  
Intrinsic Dissipation ◽  
Independent Behavior

Enriched by the nonlinear Onsager reciprocal relations and thermodynamic equilibrium points (Onsager, Phys. Rev., 37, pp. 405–406; 38, pp. 2265–2279), an extended normality structure by Rice (1971, J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 19, pp. 433–455) is established in this paper as a unified nonlinear thermodynamic theory of solids. It is revealed that the normality structure stems from the microscale irrotational thermodynamic fluxes. Within the extended normality structure, this paper focuses on the microscale thermodynamic mechanisms and significance of the convexity of flow potentials and yield surfaces. It is shown that the flow potential is convex if the conjugate force increment cannot not oppose the increment of the rates of local internal variables. For the Rice fluxes, the convexity condition reduces to the local rates being monotonic increasing functions with respect to their conjugate forces. The convexity of the flow potential provides the thermodynamic system a capability against the disturbance of the thermodynamic equilibrium point. It is proposed for time-independent behavior that the set of plastically admissible stresses determined by yield conditions corresponds to the set of thermodynamic equilibrium points. Based on that viewpoint, the intrinsic dissipation inequality is just the thermodynamic counterpart of the principle of maximum plastic dissipation and requires the convexity of the yield surfaces.

Minimal Dissymmetry Effect in the Thermodynamic System

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
V. I. Rakin
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic System

Thermal System Optimization and Energy Grade Analysis of 700°C HUSC Steam Turbine Using a EC System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyu He ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Shiwang Fan ◽  
Xiaohua Xia ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Steam Temperature ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Main Steam

700°C High Ultra Supercritical (HUSC) technology is taken into account as a more efficient clean coal-fired power generation technology which can achieve higher efficiency and less CO2 emission. With the increase of the main steam and reheat steam temperature, the temperature of regenerative extraction increased accordingly. This not only means higher investment cost and higher unreliability of power plant, but also leads to a great reduction of energy grade efficiency. To solve the above-mentioned problem, we introduce a novel system, called echelon cycle system (EC system). In EC system, a BEST (Backpressure Extraction Steam Turbine) is added, which provides power for feed-water pump and steam for feed-water heaters. The steam source of high temperature regenerative extractions is switched from main turbine to BEST, and the steam source of BEST is cold-reheat. Hence the highest regenerative extraction steam temperature decreased accordingly. EC system has been demonstrated to be a more efficient system by exergy theory[1] and energy grade theory. Three types of EC system are proposed in this paper. Thermal performance calculation of these three types of EC system under rated-load condition and part-load condition is carried out to evaluate and compare the economy of system. In order to obtain a more appropriate thermodynamic system solution, safety and restriction should also be given sufficient consideration. Meanwhile, the matrix solution method for energy grade efficiency of EC system is derived in this paper. Finally, energy grade theory is used to analyze how different schemes cause different hate rate profits.

scholarly journals Equation of state in form which relates mol fraction and molarity of two (or more) component thermodynamic system consisted of ideal gases, and it’s applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-863
Author(s):  
Marko Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Ideal Gases ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Insight Into

Most people would face a problem if there is a need to calculate the mole fraction of a substance A in a gaseous solution (a thermodynamic system containing two or more ideal gases) knowing its molarity at a given temperature and pressure. For most it would take a lot of time and calculations to find the answer, especially because the quantities of other substances in the system aren?t given. An even greater problem arises when we try to understand how special relativity affects gaseous systems, especially solutions and systems in equilibrium. In this paper formulas are suggested that greatly shorten the process of conversion from molarity to mole fraction and give us a better insight into the relativistic effects on a gaseous system.

Correlation and small variation in thermodynamic system

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
M. Dutta ◽  
J. Sen Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Small Variation ◽  
Thermodynamic System
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