Basic Structure and Mathematical Model

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Gaolin Wang ◽  
Guoqiang Zhang ◽  
Dianguo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Basic Structure

scholarly journals INCORPORATION OF A TWO-FLUX MODEL FOR RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN A COMPREHENSIVE FLUIDIZED BED SIMULATOR PART I: PRELIMINARY THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rabi ◽  
M. L. De Souza Santos
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Radiation Heat Transfer ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Particulate Media ◽  
Bubbling Fluidized Bed

Over the last two decades, a comprehensive mathematical model and its corresponding computational program, aimed to simulate steady-state operations of bubbling fluidized bed equipments, has been continuously improved and tested. Despite its success, the simulator has employed a simple approach for radiative heat transfers. In cases of high temperatures, thermal radiation becomes an important energy transfer mode and the original model could lead to deviations above acceptable levels. The purpose of the present work was to improve the model for thermal radiation heat transfer between all solid particles in the bed section by applying a two-flux method to a non-homogeneous polydispersed particulate media in radiative equilibrium. Gases in the emulsion and in the bubbles were assumed transparent to thermal radiation. This first part of the paper presents and discusses the basic structure of the former mathematical model and of the new one.

scholarly journals INCORPORATION OF A TWO-FLUX MODEL FOR RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN A COMPREHENSIVE FLUIDIZED BED SIMULATOR PART I: PRELIMINARY THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rabi ◽  
M. L. De Souza Santos
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Radiation Heat Transfer ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Particulate Media ◽  
Bubbling Fluidized Bed

Over the last two decades, a comprehensive mathematical model and its corresponding computational program, aimed to simulate steady-state operations of bubbling fluidized bed equipments, has been continuously improved and tested. Despite its success, the simulator has employed a simple approach for radiative heat transfers. In cases of high temperatures, thermal radiation becomes an important energy transfer mode and the original model could lead to deviations above acceptable levels. The purpose of the present work was to improve the model for thermal radiation heat transfer between all solid particles in the bed section by applying a two-flux method to a non-homogeneous polydispersed particulate media in radiative equilibrium. Gases in the emulsion and in the bubbles were assumed transparent to thermal radiation. This first part of the paper presents and discusses the basic structure of the former mathematical model and of the new one.

Effects of Driveline and Tire Model on the Performance of Active Differential: Modeling and Simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 771-776
Author(s):  
Jie Ji ◽  
Yun Wu Li ◽  
He Peng
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Planetary Gears ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Yaw Moment

An active differential is introduced with its basic structure and working principle, it consists of a couple of slip clutches for torque transfer and some planetary gears which generate the differential speeds of the slip clutches. A mathematical model of active differential dynamics is developed and it is used for a theoretical analysis of torque transfer and energy loss. Modeling and simulation of the active differential are carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink, the results demonstrate that active differential generates the direct yaw moment by torque transfer between right and left tires and is possible to improve the overall performance of vehicle dynamics properties.

scholarly journals Basic structure and mathematical model of integrated energy system in ecological park

2021 ◽  
Vol 1865 (4) ◽  
pp. 042114
Author(s):  
Qianqian Song ◽  
Yongfu Liu ◽  
Limei Zhang ◽  
Tongxu Yang ◽  
Linteng Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Integrated Energy System

scholarly journals Hybrid Modelling in System Simulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Körner
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Model Description ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Hybrid Modelling ◽  
Complicated Model ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Definition Of

In times of increasing power and capacity in computer, simulation mathematical models are getting more and more important. For different technical applications and in natural science but also in economic systems and management processes appropriate mathematical model descriptions are necessary. Hybrid modelling is a special technique for more complex model descriptions in order to reduce the degree of complexity. In different fields of interest, the behavior of a model is dependent on the active state. When the model description is changing from one state to another, a so-called state event takes place. State event modelling is the overall term to describe this modelling approach. One state is defined by one dynamic system description and another state is described by the next description. The mathematical environment of the model allows finding the description which is the best matching one in each state. In this sense it is possible to find the most efficient model description for each state and it is not necessary to build up a complicated model structure to cover all cases in one model. Beside the principle effect of the basic structure it is also possible to combine different mathematical modelling techniques for realizing a hybrid model for a certain complex system. In each case a certain mathematical model of the mathematical method can be provided. This is the formal mathematical definition of a multi method approach. In different states different models are simulated and a certain master algorithm is managing the overall administration of the discrimination. The mentioned issues are covered under the overall term hybrid modelling and will be introduced in the corresponding paper.

Stratport: A Decision Support System for Strategic Planning

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Larréché ◽  
V. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Portfolio Strategies ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
On Line ◽  
Current Business

The STRATPORT decision support system represents an extension and operationalization of current business portfolio approaches. It is designed to aid top managers and corporate planners in the evaluation and formulation of business portfolio strategies. It is an on-line computerized mathematical model utilizing empirical and (managerial) judgment-based data. A description of the basic structure of the STRATPORT model is presented, as well as an illustrative example of its use.

Microstructure and crystal symmetry of Pb2Sr2(Y/Ca)Cu3O9−δ

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
Y. P. Lin ◽  
J. S. Xue ◽  
J. E. Greedan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Crystal Symmetry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Space Groups ◽  
New Family ◽  
Convergent Beam

A new family of high temperature superconductors based on Pb2Sr2YCu3O9−δ has recently been reported. One method of improving Tc has been to replace Y partially with Ca. Although the basic structure of this type of superconductors is known, the detailed structure is still unclear, and various space groups has been proposed. In our work, crystals of Pb2Sr2YCu3O9−δ with dimensions up to 1 × 1 × 0.25.mm and with Tc of 84 K have been grown and their superconducting properties described. The defects and crystal symmetry have been investigated using electron microscopy performed on crushed crystals supported on a holey carbon film.Electron diffraction confirmed x-ray diffraction results which showed that the crystals are primitive orthorhombic with a=0.5383, b=0.5423 and c=1.5765 nm. Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction (CBED) patterns for the and axes are shown in Figs. 1 and 2 respectively.

The brain structure and neurosecretory cells of noctuid moth Anadevidia peponis: Noctuidae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Ogawa ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Clock ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
The Right ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
The Brain

A virgin female of the noctuid moth, a kind of noctuidae that eats cucumis, etc. performs calling at a fixed time of each day, depending on the length of a day. The photoreceptors that induce this calling are located around the neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the central portion of the protocerebrum. Besides, it is considered that the female’s biological clock is located also in the cerebral lobe. In order to elucidate the calling and the function of the biological clock, it is necessary to clarify the basic structure of the brain. The observation results of 12 or 30 day-old noctuid moths showed that their brains are basically composed of an outer and an inner portion-neural lamella (about 2.5 μm) of collagen fibril and perineurium cells. Furthermore, nerve cells surround the cerebral lobes, in which NSCs, mushroom bodies, and central nerve cells, etc. are observed. The NSCs are large-sized (20 to 30 μm dia.) cells, which are located in the pons intercerebralis of the head section and at the rear of the mushroom body (two each on the right and left). Furthermore, the cells were classified into two types: one having many free ribosoms 15 to 20 nm in dia. and the other having granules 150 to 350 nm in dia. (Fig. 1).

HRTEM study of valleriite, a hydroxide-bearing copper sulfide

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
P. R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Carbonaceous Chondrite ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wavy Structure

Valleriite is an unusual mineral, consisting of intergrowths of sulfide layers (corresponding in structure to the mineral smythite - Fe9S11) and hydroxide layers (corresponding to brucite - Mg(OH2)). It has a composition of approximately 1.526[Mg.68Al.32(OH)2].[Fe1.07Cu.93S2] and consists of two interpenetrating lattices, each of which retains its individual structural and diffraction characteristics parallel to the layering. The valleriite structure is related to that of tochilinite, an unusual iron-rich mineral that is of considerable interest for the origin of certain carbonaceous chondrite meteorites and to those of franckeite and cylindrite, two minerals that are of interest because of their unique morphological and crystallographic properties, e.g., the distinctive curved form of cylindrite and the perfect mica-like cleavage with unusual striations and the long-period wavy structure of franckeite.Our selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images of valleriite provide new structural data. A basic structure and a new superstructure have been observed.

Mathematical model of hit phenomena and its application to movie advertisement

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishii Akira ◽  
Yoshida Narihiko ◽  
Hayashi Takafumi ◽  
Umemura Sanae ◽  
Nakagawa Takeshi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model
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