Conversion of Rice Husk and Nutshells into Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Biofuels

PRODUCTION OF SOLID BIOFUELS FROM GRAIN PROCESSING WASTES

Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s ◽

10.15673/gpmf.v20i1.1694 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 48-54

Author(s):

A. Makarynska ◽

T. Turpurova

Keyword(s):

Quality Indicators ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Crop Production ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Average Particle ◽

Solid Biofuels ◽

Solid Biofuel ◽

European Standards

The article is devoted to the issues of solid biofuel production. The classification of biomass used in the production of solid biofuels by origin is given. The main types of grain waste in the southern region for the production of solid biofuels are identified.The article analyzes the soybean market in the world and Ukraine, shows the trend of growing soybean production, which is caused by the growing demand for food and feed purposes. Soybean yield indicators in Ukraine are analyzed and it is found that Kherson region is one of the leaders of soybean yields for 2019. It is shown that in soybean cultivation in Ukraine a considerable amount of secondary resource is obtained - straw, as a by-product of crop production. It is established that the average yield of rice of Kherson region prevails in Ukraine, a large amount of rice husk is formed during processing of raw rice. Physico-mechanical properties of rice husk and soybean straw have been determined. The possibility of production of fuel briquettes from the waste was considered, technological scheme of production of fuel briquettes from waste, which are formed at the enterprises of processing industry and by-products of crop production is given. The technology of production of fuel briquettes from soy straw and rice husk was introduced at the enterprise of Kherson region, which is engaged in cultivation and processing of soybeans and rice. Quality indicators of fuel briquettes were determined: humidity, ash, sulfur, carbon content, volatile matter yield and specific combustion heat. It is established that the quality of fuel pellets is significantly influenced by humidity, degree of grinding and physical and chemical properties of raw materials. When the moisture content of raw materials more than 14% decreases the density of the granules and, due to the evaporation of moisture, cracks appear in the granules, which reduce their strength. With the reduction of the average particle size of the biomass to 2 mm, the quality of the fuel products increases, but the fine fraction of the biomass of the matrix is erased. The heat of combustion of the obtained solid briquettes exceeds the normative values of European standards at a level not lower than 18 MJ / kg. Ash content (0.5 %), normalized by European standards, is practically unavailable for Ukrainian producers, fuel briquettes made from soy straw and husks have higher normalized ash values in accordance with 7.0 and 14.0 %, which reduces their quality indicators.

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Mechanoactivation Of Rice Husk Ash In Laboratory Conditions

Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel stvo ◽

10.33622/0869-7019.2019.11.20-26 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 20-26

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Activation ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Amorphous Silica ◽

Silicon Oxide ◽

Rice Husk Ash ◽

Pozzolanic Activity ◽

Maximum Solubility ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Before And After ◽

Mineral Additive

In many rice producing countries of the world, including in Vietnam, various research aimed at using rice husk ash (RHA) as a finely dispersed active mineral additive in cements, concrete and mortars are being conducted. The effect of the duration of the mechanoactivation of the RHA, produced under laboratory conditions in Vietnam, on its pozzolanic activity were investigated in this study. The composition of ash was investigated by laser granulometry and the values of indicators characterizing the dispersion of its particles before and after mechanical activation were established. The content of soluble amorphous silicon oxide in rice husk ash samples was determined by photocolorimetric analysis. The pizzolanic activity of the RHA, fly ash and the silica fume was also compared according to the method of absorption of the solution of the active mineral additive. It is established that the duration of the mechanical activation of rice husk ash by grinding in a vibratory mill is optimal for increasing its pozzolanic activity, since it simultaneously results in the production of the most dispersed ash particles with the highest specific surface area and maximum solubility of the amorphous silica contained in it. Longer grinding does not lead to further reduction in the size of ash particles, which can be explained by their aggregation, and also reduces the solubility of amorphous silica in an aqueous alkaline medium.

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