Numerical Study on Crude Oil Pool Fire Behavior in an Enclosure

The objective of this work is to investigate the diesel analog pool fire with water mist .For this purpose, a series of water mist fire suppression experiment are carried out by changing the nozzle operating pressure, the source of fire power, opening and closing the exhaust fan to analyze the inhibitory effect of water mist to oil pool fire in the enclosed compartment of 5.0m × 5.0m × 3.0m. The results shows that extinguishing efficiency first increases and then decreases when the nozzle operating pressure increases from 8MPa to 12MPa, reaching the highest efficiency at 10MPa; increasing the power of the source of fire, the burning speed increases and the water mist fire extinguishing efficiency decreases; fresh oxygen coming in when smoke exhaust fan is turned on and water mist fire suppression efficiency decreases. Using FDS to simulate the water mist extinguishing oil pool fire, the predict temperature field and extinguishing time are basically consistent with the experimental results. In the actual applications of water mist fire suppression systems engineering, we can use the FDS field simulation methods to predict the characteristic parameters variation of the fire fighting fire temperature and component concentration, which is significant to the fire extinguishing system optimized design.

Download Full-text

Analysis for Combustion Properties of Crude Oil Pool Fire

Procedia Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.463 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 514-523 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chen Zhen ◽

Wei Xiaolin

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Pool Fire ◽

Combustion Properties ◽

Oil Pool

Download Full-text

Comparison of fire extinguishing performance of four halon substitutes and Halon 1301

Journal of Fire Sciences ◽

10.1177/07349041211030188 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 073490412110301

Author(s):

Yawei Wang ◽

Gaowan Zou ◽

Conglin Liu ◽

Y Gao

Keyword(s):

Dilution Effect ◽

Pool Fire ◽

Design Standards ◽

Ignition Probability ◽

Fire Extinguishing ◽

Halon 1301 ◽

Efficient Alternative ◽

Oil Pool ◽

The Difference ◽

Effect Of Oxygen

The Halon 1301 fixed gas fire extinguishing system used in ship engine rooms has been banned from production all over the world, because halon destroys the ozone layer. Therefore, it is necessary to find an environmentally friendly, compatible and efficient alternative firefighting system. In this study, we performed fire extinguishing tests in an ISO9705 standard room for four alternative fire extinguishing agents, as well as Halon 1301. The fire extinguishing efficiency of each agent was determined based on its cooling effect, dilution effect of oxygen concentration, the extinguishing time of the oil pool fire and the re-ignition probability of the wood stack. The test results provide data support for the selection of alternatives of Halon 1301 from the aspect of fire extinguishing efficiency. Among these results, Novec 1230 had the best ability to put out the oil pool fire, and HFC-227ea suppressed the wood stack fire the best. The difference between the cooling ability of each fire extinguishing agent was small, and the inert gas (IG-541) displayed the best ability to dilute oxygen. Hot aerosol required the longest time to extinguish fire. Consequently, under the existing design standards, HFC-227ea had the better firefighting efficiency, more suitable to replace Halon 1301.

Download Full-text

Modeling on n-Heptane Pool Fire Behavior in an Altitude Chamber

Volume 8A: Heat Transfer and Thermal Engineering ◽

10.1115/imece2013-62367 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Quanyi Liu ◽

Wei Yao ◽

Jiusheng Yin ◽

Rui Yang ◽

Hui Zhang

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Burning Rate ◽

Pressure Effect ◽

Fire Behavior ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Pool Fire ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Fire Plume ◽

Plume Temperature ◽

Modeling Data

Airplane as one of the important transport vehicles in our life, its safety problem related to in-flight fire has attracted a wide-spread attention. The combustion behavior of the cabin fire in flight shows some special characteristics because of the high-altitude environment with low-pressure and low oxygen concentration. A low-pressure chamber of size 2 m×3 m×2 m has been built to simulate high-altitude environments, where multiple static pressures for pool fire tests can be configured in the range between standard atmospheric pressure 101.3KPa and 30KPa. Two different sizes of pool fires were tested. Then corresponding modeling were conducted by a LES code FDS V5.5 to examine the mechanism of pressure effect on the n-Heptane pool fire behavior. The burning of liquid fuel was modeled by a Clausius-Clapeyron relation based liquid pyrolysis model. The modeling data was validated against the experimental measurements. The mass burning rate of free-burning pool fire decreases with the decreasing of pressure, which was observed from the modeling to be due to the reduction of flame heat feedback to the fuel surface. Under low pressure, the fire plume temperature increases for the same burning rate. The mechanism of pressure effect on fire behavior was analyzed based on the modeling data.

Download Full-text

The time-to-failure assessment of large crude oil storage tank exposed to pool fire

Fire Safety Journal ◽

10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103192 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 103192 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhuang Wu ◽

Lei Hou ◽

Shouzhi Wu ◽

Xingguang Wu ◽

Fangyuan Liu

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Storage Tank ◽

Pool Fire ◽

Time To Failure ◽

Oil Storage ◽

Failure Assessment ◽

Oil Storage Tank

Download Full-text

Numerical study on the thermal characteristics and its influence factors of crude oil pipeline after restart

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.csite.2019.100455 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 100455 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hang Dong ◽

Jian Zhao ◽

Weiqiang Zhao ◽

Minglin Si ◽

Junyang Liu

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Thermal Characteristics ◽

Oil Pipeline

Download Full-text

Numerical Study on the Turbulent Flow Structures of a Buoyant Pool Fire

10.1063/1.3452294 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Sherman C. P. Cheung ◽

Camby M. K. Se ◽

G. H. Yeoh ◽

Jiyuan Tu ◽

Jane W. Z. Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Turbulent Flow ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Pool Fire ◽

Flow Structures

Download Full-text

N-Heptane Pool Fire Behavior in a Controlled Oxygen and Low-Pressure Environment

Volume 7: Fluids Engineering Systems and Technologies ◽

10.1115/imece2014-37389 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Quanyi Liu ◽

Kewei Chen ◽

Nan Wu ◽

Jiusheng Yin ◽

Rui Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Radiative Heat ◽

Flame Temperature ◽

Fire Behavior ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Pool Fire ◽

Fire Tests ◽

Mass Burning Rate ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Lower Temperature

Fires at high altitude airports have attracted a lot of attention. Such fires show some special characteristics because of the coupling impact of low pressure and low oxygen levels. Some experiments, which were conducted recently at high altitude locations, such as Lhasa and in some low pressure chambers, were usually extinguished due to the limited supply of oxygen. In order to reveal the dependence of fire behavior on pressure comprehensively, a low-pressure chamber with ventilation control of 2×3×4.65m3 in volume has been developed and built, which can allow larger scale fire tests to be conducted and simulate more realistic high-altitude environment. In this study, pool fire tests using 20-cm and 30-cm-diameter pans are configured under five different static pressures, e.g. 101kPa, 75kPa, 64kPa, 38kPa and 24kPa. Each test has been repeated three times. The parameters measured include flame temperature, radiative heat flux, and mass loss etc. It is concluded that under lower pressure, mass burning rate is lower, temperature is higher, and height of the flame is higher, which demonstrated that low pressure fire is more dangerous to the buildings at high altitude airports.

Download Full-text