Analysis on the Geo-Environment of the Indian Ocean Region and the Geographical Risks of the Belt and Road Initiative in the Indian Ocean

2021 ◽  
pp. 245-282
Author(s):  
Chuanlu Feng
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Indian Ocean Region ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Belt And Road

THE GROWING RELATION BETWEEN CHINA AND PAKISTAN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON INDIA AND ITS CHALLENGES AHEAD

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Sumanta Bhattacharya ◽  
Jayanta Kumar Ray ◽  
Shakti Sinha ◽  
Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Cyber Warfare ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
North East ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
String Of Pearls

China and Pakistan diplomatic relation started from 1951 which has grown over the years. China is providing humongous weapons, aircrafts and submarines to Pakistan in spite Pakistan being in debt and now Turkey has also started to provide military weapons to Pakistan, the ultimate aim to is attack India .The string of pearls is a geopolitical strategic to surround Indian peninsular from all sides by creating naval base in its neighbor countries .The economic corridor of China and Pakistan is also a weapon to keep a check on India and amplify Pakistan influence in the Indian Ocean region by providing them powerful submarines. However due to China’s belt and road initiative project which is one of the most financial risk projects has made china lost its appetite to provide money for large infrastructure projects especially in Pakistan, the disagreement between Pakistan and China on CPEC has stopped the work ahead. China is also supporting the Maoist, North- East insurgency and terrorist groups in India by providing those arms and has also attacked India through Cyber warfare. China through the string of pears, CPEC, Belt and Road initiative is trying to encircle India. Keyword: China, Pakistan, India, CPEC, String of pears, military, diplomatic relations, Indian Peninsula, Indian Ocean

scholarly journals A Nova Rota da Seda e as relações sino-indianas: o desafio do "colar de pérolas" | The New Silk Road and Sino-Indian relations: the “string of pearls” challenge

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e50594
Author(s):  
Diego Pautasso ◽  
Tiago Soares Nogara ◽  
Erik Herejk Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Important Stage ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
String Of Pearls ◽  
The Belt And Road

A Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), também chamada de Nova Rota da Seda, representa uma importante etapa do projeto chinês de globalização e possui, portanto, evidentes implicações para os alinhamentos político-estratégicos globais e regionais. Assim, ao mesmo tempo em que produz oportunidades, também faz ascenderem contradições e rivalidades. Diante desse quadro, pretendemos analisar como a Nova Rota da Seda, em especial sua dimensão marítima no Oceano Índico, conformando o chamado colar de pérolas, afeta o padrão de relacionamento sino-indiano. Visando abordar essa complexa temática, o artigo está estruturado em três etapas. Na primeira seção, exporemos breve recapitulação das distintas dimensões de implementação da BRI. Na segunda parte, abordaremos os principais desafios concernentes à conformação do colar de pérolas. Por fim, analisaremos como o conjunto desses fatores impactam as relações sino-indianas.Palavras-chave: China; Nova Rota da Seda; Colar de pérolas.ABSTRACTThe Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), also called the New Silk Road, represents an important stage of the Chinese globalization project and therefore has clear implications for global and regional political-strategic alignments. Thus, while producing opportunities, it also raises contradictions and rivalries. In this scenario, we intend to analyze how the New Silk Road, especially its maritime dimension in the Indian Ocean, forming the so-called string of pearls, affects the Sino-Indian relationship pattern. The article is structured in three stages. In the first section, we will present a brief summary of the different dimensions of the Belt and Road Initiative. In the second part, we will discuss the main challenges concerning the string of pearls. Finally, we will analyze how these factors impact Sino-Indian relations.Keywords: China; New Silk Road; String of pearls. Recebido em 30 abr. 2020 | Aceito em 19 out. 2020.

scholarly journals AN EXAMINATION ON THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE OF CHINA IN 21ST CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Asghar Ullah Khan ◽  
Zain Ul Abiden Malik ◽  
Hani Fatima Malik
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Indian Ocean

The current research analyzes Indian concerns about China's growing impact in the Indian Ocean region, particularly the transformation activities on the China's Maritime Silk Road and China's Silk Road Economic Belt in the 21st century. The research looks deeply at the reasons for the Indian anxiety and misunderstanding of the China Belt and Road Initiative, especially the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The research also claims that global support has exposed the role of China's BRI in regional socio-economic connectivity. India, however, is the largest nation in South Asia and has a positive impact on the Indian Ocean. In other South Asian countries, apart from Pakistan, it plays an important role in the economic, military and communications. The attitude of India is very crucial to the China's BRI. As China's most significant neighbor, the Century Maritime Silk Road With respect to its economy and its military size.

A Contest of Status and Legitimacy in the Indian Ocean

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brewster
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
International System ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Indian Ocean Region ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Threat Perceptions ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Asymmetry

This chapter examines Indian and Chinese perspectives of each other as major powers and their respective roles in the Indian Ocean. It focuses on the following elements: (a) China’s strategic imperatives in the Indian Ocean Region, (b) India’s views on its special role in the Indian Ocean and the legitimacy of the presence of other powers, (c) China’s strategic vulnerabilities in the Indian Ocean and India’s wish to leverage those vulnerabilities, (d) the asymmetry in Indian and Chinese threat perceptions, and (d) Chinese perspectives of the status of India in the international system and India’s claims to a special role in the Indian Ocean. The chapter concludes that even if China were to take a more transparent approach to its activities, significant differences in perceptions of threat and over status and legitimacy will produce a highly competitive dynamic between them in the maritime domain.

Heat and freshwater changes in the Indian Ocean region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline C. Ummenhofer ◽  
Sujata A. Murty ◽  
Janet Sprintall ◽  
Tong Lee ◽  
Nerilie J. Abram
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean Region ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
The Indian Ocean

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution and Determinant Factors of the Intra-Regional Trade Community Structures of the Indian Ocean Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Lihua Yuan ◽  
Xiaoqiang Chen ◽  
Changqing Song ◽  
Danping Cao ◽  
Hong Yi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Indian Ocean Region ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Impact

The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) has become one of the main economic forces globally, and countries within the IOR have attempted to promote their intra-regional trade. This study investigates the spatiotemporal evolution of the community structures of the intra-regional trade and the impact of determinant factors on the formation of trade community structures of the IOR from 1996 to 2017 using the methods of social network analysis. Trade communities are groups of countries with measurably denser intra-trade ties but with extra-trade ties that are measurably sparser among different communities. The results show that the extent of trade integration and the trade community structures of the IOR changed from strengthening between 1996 and 2014 to weakening between 2015 and 2017. The largest explanatory power of the formation of the IOR trade community structures was the IOR countries’ economic size, indicating that market remained the strongest driver. The second-largest explanatory power was geographical proximity, suggesting that countries within the IOR engaged in intra-regional trade still tended to select geographically proximate trading partners. The third- and the fourth-largest were common civilization and regional organizational memberships, respectively. This indicates that sharing a common civilization and constructing intra-regional institutional arrangements (especially open trade policies) helped the countries within the IOR strengthen their trade communities.

The Sino-Indian Geopolitics and Maritime Security of the Indian Ocean Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sainandan S. Iyer ◽  
Ranadhir Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sridhar D. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Maritime Security ◽  
Indian Ocean Region ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
The Indian Ocean
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