Use of multipurpose trees in hill farming systems in Western Nepal

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Fonzen ◽  
Erich Oberholzer
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Multipurpose Trees ◽  
Hill Farming

Pathways ahead for New Zealand hill country farming

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Scrimgeour
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
The Hill

This paper provides a stocktake of the status of hill country farming in New Zealand and addresses the challenges which will determine its future state and performance. It arises out of the Hill Country Symposium, held in Rotorua, New Zealand, 12-13 April 2016. This paper surveys people, policy, business and change, farming systems for hill country, soil nutrients and the environment, plants for hill country, animals, animal feeding and productivity, and strategies for achieving sustainable outcomes in the hill country. This paper concludes by identifying approaches to: support current and future hill country farmers and service providers, to effectively and efficiently deal with change; link hill farming businesses to effective value chains and new markets to achieve sufficient and stable profitability; reward farmers for the careful management of natural resources on their farm; ensure that new technologies which improve the efficient use of input resources are developed; and strategies to achieve vibrant rural communities which strengthen hill country farming businesses and their service providers. Keywords: farming systems, hill country, people, policy, productivity, profitability, sustainability

Reducing lamb mortality in hill sheep

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
A. Waterhouse ◽  
L. C. Roger ◽  
S. W. Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Lamb mortality is high in hill farming systems. This is not a new phenomenon. Orr and Fraser (1932) reported losses of lambs between birth and weaning of over 30% and indeed an annual ewe death rate of up to 24%.Poor nutrition, of both macro- and micro-nutrients, is a prime cause of this problem exaggerated by difficult environmental conditions at the time of birth. Improved nutrition during late pregnancy was believed to be the most important (Wallace, 1948) and nutrition during mid pregnancy received scant attention. However, applied experiments with mid-pregnancy feeding of hill ewes (Milne, 1984; Waterhouse and McClelland, 1987) showed very significant effects of better nutrition during this period. The present paper summarizes the implementation of improved mid-pregnancy nutrition in a monitored systems study, associated with changes in management in late pregnancy made possible by assessment of foetal numbers from ultrasound pregnancy scanning.

scholarly journals The role of lambs in louping-ill virus amplification

Parasitology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. LAURENSON ◽  
R. NORMAN ◽  
H. W. REID ◽  
I. POW ◽  
D. NEWBORN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Force Of Infection ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Colostral Antibody

In some areas of Scotland, the prevalence of louping-ill virus has not decreased despite the vaccination of replacement ewes for over 30 years. The role of unvaccinated lambs in viral persistence was examined through a combination of an empirical study of infection rates of lambs and mathematical modelling. Serological sampling revealed that most lambs were protected by colostral immunity at turnout in May/June but were fully susceptible by the end of September. Between 8 and 83% of lambs were infected over the first season, with seroconversion rates greater in late rather than early summer. The proportion of lambs that could have amplified the louping-ill virus was low, however, because high initial titres of colostral antibody on farms with a high force of infection gave protection for several months. A simple mathematical model suggested that the relationship between the force of infection and the percentage of lambs that became viraemic was not linear and that the maximum percentage of viraemic lambs occurred at moderately high infection rates. Examination of the conditions required for louping-ill persistence suggested that the virus could theoretically persist in a sheep flock with over 370 lambs, if the grazing season was longer than 130 days. In practice, however, lamb viraemia is not a general explanation for louping-ill virus persistence as these conditions are not met in most management systems and because the widespread use of acaracides in most tick-affected hill farming systems reduces the number of ticks feeding successfully.

Effects upon the performance of scottish blackface ewes with different nutrition during the second oestrous cycle after ram joining

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
A Waterhouse ◽  
Louise C. Roger
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Hill Farming

The availability of high quality pasture for mating is frequently limited in hill farming systems. The majority of ewes usually conceive during their first oestrous cycle after ram joining. More effecient use might therefore be made of better grassland if ewes could be successfully returned to their hill grazings part way through the mating period. This would allow either a longer period of availability of improved grass before ram joining or more logically access by a larger number of ewes to the improved grassland area.

scholarly journals Improving Hill Farming: From Maize Monocropping to Alternative Cropping Systems in the Thai Highlands

Land ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Chiranan Senanuch ◽  
Takuji W. Tsusaka ◽  
Avishek Datta ◽  
Nophea Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Farmland Conversion ◽  
Alternative Farming ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
The Hill

Lately, the Hill Pond Rice System (HPRS) is being promoted as a form of alternative farming systems in selected northern provinces of Thailand, in which the land conversion is designed to maximize rainwater harvesting in farmland consisting of forest trees, water reservoirs, paddy fields, and high-value crop cultivation to serve environmental and livelihood needs. This study employed the double-hurdle model and the tobit technique to investigate the farm-level factors associated with land conversion from maize monocropping to the HPRS using primary data collected from 253 households in Nan, Chiang Mai, Tak, and Lampang Provinces. It was found that education, farming knowledge, understanding benefits of the HPRS, access to water sources, access to advis, and workforce sharing raised the likelihood and extent of farmland conversion into the HPRS. In contrast, perceived complexity of the HPRS, experiences with negative shocks, and land tenure security lowered the likelihood and extent of land conversion. The findings suggest that on-farm collective action should be promoted to mitigate labor constraints in implementation and that access to equipment should be enhanced through HPRS advisors’ visits.

Nitrogen fertilizer value of cattle manure applied on soils originating from organic and conventional farming systems

Agronomie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 789-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Langmeier ◽  
Emmanuel Frossard ◽  
Michael Kreuzer ◽  
Paul Mäder ◽  
David Dubois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Fertilizer Value ◽  
Organic And Conventional Farming

Farmers' needs for management, research and extension, and policy - findings of a farmers' workshop and their implications

1992 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
A.F. Mcrae
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Business Objectives ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Farming Systems Research

Farmers' objectives, their circumstances and the constraints they face are central to any consideration of ways and means of improving farming systems. The management, research and extension, and policy needs of the farmers attending this workshop were diverse. This appeared to be linked with the (unexpected) degree of diversity in the business objectives and management structures on these farms. More formal research on these issues across the spectrum of farmers is required to ensure that research and technology transfer meet the industry's needs. Keywords farming systems, research, technology transfer, objectives

GRAZING STUDIES FOR GRASSLAND SHEEP SYSTEMS AT THE HILL FARMING RESEARCH ORGANISATION, U.K.

1984 ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
J. Hodgson ◽  
T.J. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Hill

Studies in the UK on continuously stocked swards dominated by perennial ryegrass show that both net herbage production and lamb output per hectare are maximised when herbage mass is maintained at 1200-I 500 kg OM/ha (3-5 cm surface height) during the main season of growth. The use of this information to define sward management objectives is outlined, and the incorporation of these objectives into the spring and summer phases of a grassland sheep enterprise is illustrated

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