Comparison of ancestral and current-generation inbreeding in an experimental strawberry breeding population

1995 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Population ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Strawberry Breeding

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Methyl Anthranilate, Mesifurane, Linalool and Other Flavor Compounds in Cultivated Strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Barbey ◽  
Maxwell H. Hogshead ◽  
Benjamin Harrison ◽  
Anne E. Schwartz ◽  
Sujeet Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Methyl Anthranilate ◽  
Methyl Transferase ◽  
Linalool Oxide ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Transcript Variation ◽  
Strawberry Breeding ◽  
Terpenoid Pathway

ABSTRACTThe cultivated strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) is an economically important fruit crop that is intensively bred for improved sensory qualities. The diversity of fruit flavors and aromas in strawberry result mainly from the interactions of sugars, acids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are derived from diverse biochemical pathways influenced by the expression of many genes. This study integrates multi-omics analyses to identify QTL and candidate genes for multiple aroma compounds in a complex strawberry breeding population. Novel fruit volatile QTL were discovered for methyl anthranilate, methyl 2-hexenoate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, mesifurane, and a shared QTL on Chr 3 was found for nine monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds, including linalool, 3-carene, β-phellandrene, α-limonene, linalool oxide, nerolidol, α-caryophellene, α-farnesene, and β-farnesene. Fruit transcriptomes from a subset of sixty-four individuals were used to support candidate gene identification. For methyl esters including the grape-like methyl anthranilate, a novel ANTHANILIC ACID METHYL TRANSFERASE–like gene was identified. Two mesifurane QTL correspond with the known biosynthesis gene O-METHYL TRANSFERASE 1 and a novel FURANEOL GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE. The shared terpene QTL contains multiple fruit-expressed terpenoid pathway-related genes including NEROLIDOL SYNTHASE 1 (FanNES1). The abundance of linalool and other monoterpenes is partially governed by a co-segregating expression-QTL (eQTL) for FanNES1 transcript variation, and there is additional evidence for quantitative effects from other terpenoid-pathway genes in this narrow genomic region. These QTL present new opportunities in breeding for improved flavor in commercial strawberry.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Methyl Anthranilate, Mesifurane, Linalool, and Other Flavor Compounds in Cultivated Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Barbey ◽  
Maxwell H. Hogshead ◽  
Benjamin Harrison ◽  
Anne E. Schwartz ◽  
Sujeet Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Methyl Anthranilate ◽  
Methyl Transferase ◽  
Linalool Oxide ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Transcript Variation ◽  
Strawberry Breeding ◽  
Terpenoid Pathway

The cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an economically important fruit crop that is intensively bred for improved sensory qualities. The diversity of fruit flavors and aromas in strawberry results mainly from the interactions of sugars, acids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are derived from diverse biochemical pathways influenced by the expression of many genes. This study integrates multiomic analyses to identify QTL and candidate genes for multiple aroma compounds in a complex strawberry breeding population. Novel fruit volatile QTL was discovered for methyl anthranilate, methyl 2-hexenoate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, mesifurane, and a shared QTL on Chr 3 was found for nine monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds, including linalool, 3-carene, β-phellandrene, α-limonene, linalool oxide, nerolidol, α-caryophellene, α-farnesene, and β-farnesene. Fruit transcriptomes from a subset of 64 individuals were used to support candidate gene identification. For methyl esters including the grape-like methyl anthranilate, a novel ANTHANILIC ACID METHYL TRANSFERASE–like gene was identified. Two mesifurane QTL correspond with the known biosynthesis gene O-METHYL TRANSFERASE 1 and a novel FURANEOL GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE. The shared terpene QTL contains multiple fruit-expressed terpenoid pathway-related genes including NEROLIDOL SYNTHASE 1 (FanNES1). The abundance of linalool and other monoterpenes is partially governed by a co-segregating expression-QTL (eQTL) for FanNES1 transcript variation, and there is additional evidence for quantitative effects from other terpenoid-pathway genes in this narrow genomic region. These QTLs present new opportunities in breeding for improved flavor in commercial strawberry.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation for Resistance to Phytophthora cactorum in a California Strawberry Breeding Population

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas V. Shaw ◽  
John Hansen ◽  
Greg T. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Disease Severity Score ◽  
Phytophthora Cactorum ◽  
Strawberry Breeding

One hundred-eighty six strawberry genotypes from the Univ. of California strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) breeding program were evaluated for resistance to Phytophthora cactorum Schroet. in trials conducted over 6 years; 60 of these genotypes were tested in 2 years or more. Mother plants of each genotype were grown in a propagation nursery beginning in June, and runner plants were set into soil infested with inoculum from a mix of four P. cactorum isolates in August or September of the same year. Runner plants of each genotype were harvested from the inoculated nursery, transferred to a fruiting field location, and evaluated for disease symptoms during the winter and spring following inoculation using a disease severity score. Significant variation for the disease severity score was detected due to years, genotypes, and their interaction. Differences among genotypes were responsible for 60.6% of the phenotypic variance, whereas years and year × genotype interactions contributed relatively little to this variance, 8.2% and 9.3%, respectively. A separate analysis conducted using a balanced subset of six cultivars that were present in all trial years detected variance components due to years and year × genotype interaction slightly smaller than those estimated for the complete trial, 5.0% and 3.9%, respectively. These results highlight the utility of the screening system and suggest that stable resistance to P. cactorum is obtainable in California strawberry breeding populations and production systems.

Seti Figure of Merit

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Dreher ◽  
D. Kent Cullers
Keyword(s):  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Sky Surveys ◽  
Independent Observations ◽  
Good For

AbstractWe develop a figure of merit for SETI observations which is anexplicitfunction of the EIRP of the transmitters, which allows us to treat sky surveys and targeted searches on the same footing. For each EIRP, we calculate the product of terms measuring the number of stars within detection range, the range of frequencies searched, and the number of independent observations for each star. For a given set of SETI observations, the result is a graph of merit versus transmitter EIRP. We apply this technique to several completed and ongoing SETI programs. The results provide a quantitative confirmation of the expected qualitative difference between sky surveys and targeted searches: the Project Phoenix targeted search is good for finding transmitters in the 109to 1014W range, while the sky surveys do their best at higher powers. Current generation optical SETI is not yet competitive with microwave SETI.

COMPETENCE APPROACH – PROJECTIONS IN EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Krasimira Dimitrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Education System ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Positive Effect

The current generation is facing a number of challenges related to their future. The education system is looking for adequate ways to change and adaptively focus the learning process. The application of a competency approach in education has a positive effect. The article attempts to explain the essence of the competency approach and its projections in the preparation, education and upbringing of children and students. Basic elements that are leading in organizing the learning process are outlined. Concepts necessary for subsequent theoretical research and methodological formulations are defined.

PELOPOR PATRIOTISME NUSANTARA BRIGJEND HAJI HASSAN BASRY SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER GENERASI MUDA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUNAIDI
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Younger Generation

Indonesia has many fighters who a’im to free them selves from the heroes who are willing to sacrifice peace, and freedom from invaders from other countries, so that the shock makes the physical revolutionary figure seize, fight or peace, led by one of the brave leaders Brigadier General Haji Hassan Basry. Hassan Basry from South Kalimantan. Struggling to defend the position of independence, based on the influence of Dutch troops. The Kalimantan Chief General led a deception that the Dutch could not know, so the attack was successful. Success is expressed and introduced through learning so that one forms the patriotism of the archipelago based on, attitudes, character embodied in the values of struggle, which are developed in the younger generation through education. Thus education builds the character contained in it, influences the meaning of life, in the nature of the daily habits of the younger generation, through direct or indirect moral messages, thereby slowly forming the traits to further uphold the nation formed by younger roles, current generation and later.

A fractal model for current generation in porous electrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 114883
Author(s):  
Alex Elías-Zúñiga ◽  
Luis Manuel Palacios-Pineda ◽  
Isaac H. Jiménez-Cedeño ◽  
Oscar Martínez-Romero ◽  
Daniel Olvera-Trejo
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Model ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Current Generation

scholarly journals Cybersickness in current-generation virtual reality head-mounted displays: systematic review and outlook

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polona Caserman ◽  
Augusto Garcia-Agundez ◽  
Alvar Gámez Zerban ◽  
Stefan Göbel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Golden Standard

AbstractCybersickness (CS) is a term used to refer to symptoms, such as nausea, headache, and dizziness that users experience during or after virtual reality immersion. Initially discovered in flight simulators, commercial virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMD) of the current generation also seem to cause CS, albeit in a different manner and severity. The goal of this work is to summarize recent literature on CS with modern HMDs, to determine the specificities and profile of immersive VR-caused CS, and to provide an outlook for future research areas. A systematic review was performed on the databases IEEE Xplore, PubMed, ACM, and Scopus from 2013 to 2019 and 49 publications were selected. A summarized text states how different VR HMDs impact CS, how the nature of movement in VR HMDs contributes to CS, and how we can use biosensors to detect CS. The results of the meta-analysis show that although current-generation VR HMDs cause significantly less CS ($$p<0.001$$ p < 0.001 ), some symptoms remain as intense. Further results show that the nature of movement and, in particular, sensory mismatch as well as perceived motion have been the leading cause of CS. We suggest an outlook on future research, including the use of galvanic skin response to evaluate CS in combination with the golden standard (Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, SSQ) as well as an update on the subjective evaluation scores of the SSQ.

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