Density-dependent habitat selection in muskrats: a test of the ideal free distribution model

Oecologia ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Messier ◽  
J. A. Virgl ◽  
L. Marinelli
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Ideal Free Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Free Distribution ◽  
Density Dependent Habitat Selection ◽  
Ideal Free ◽  
The Ideal

scholarly journals Habitat selection patterns are density dependent under the ideal free distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 2777-2787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tal Avgar ◽  
Gustavo S. Betini ◽  
John M. Fryxell
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Ideal Free Distribution ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Free Distribution ◽  
Ideal Free ◽  
The Ideal

Distribution–abundance relationships for North Sea Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): observation versus theory

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 2001-2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia L Blanchard ◽  
Craig Mills ◽  
Simon Jennings ◽  
Clive J Fox ◽  
Brian D Rackham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Ideal Free Distribution ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Density Dependent Habitat Selection ◽  
Ideal Free

Density-dependent habitat selection has implications for fisheries management and for the recovery of depleted fish populations. According to ideal free distribution theory, populations contract into areas of highest habitat suitability as their abundance decreases. This can increase their vulnerability to fishing and predation. We detected density-dependent habitat selection by juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) (ages 1 and 2) in the North Sea and compared the observed distribution–abundance relationships with those predicted from a model based on ideal free distribution theory and knowledge of optimal temperatures for growth, where temperature was used as a measure of suitability. As predicted by the model, in years when stock size was low, the catches were largely confined to regions with near-optimal bottom temperatures. Conversely, when population size was high, catches were spread across a larger area including regions with suboptimal temperatures. The spatial extent of optimal habitat appears to have decreased from 1977 to 2002, reflecting a gradual warming of the North Sea. The combined negative effects of increased temperature on recruitment rates and the reduced availability of optimal habitat may have increased the vulnerability of the cod population to fishing mortality.

Effects of food and oxygen availability on habitat selection by guppies in a laboratory environment

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
André J. Talbot ◽  
Donald L. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Ideal Free Distribution ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Oxygen Effect ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Free Distribution ◽  
Ideal Free ◽  
The Ideal

Using the ideal free distribution model proposed in 1970 by S. D. Fretwell and H. L. Lucas, we investigated how local food and oxygen availability influenced the distribution of a group of guppies (Poecilia reticulata, Teleostei, Poeciliidae) among five habitats in a large tank. Our study differed from previous investigations of ideal free distributions in the larger number of habitats available, the presence of resource-free zones between habitats, the visual isolation of the different habitats, the availability of resources over an entire day rather than a short feeding period, and the systematic variation of a potential cost component (low oxygen). In our system, the ideal free distribution model was a poor predictor of fish distributions. Although the proportion of fish in a habitat was positively correlated with food supply, there were too few fish where the food supply was high and too many fish where the food supply was low to equalize average feeding rates in all habitats. The proportion of fish in a habitat was not affected by oxygen concentration, whether food was limited or superabundant. Large, stable differences in density occurred between habitats receiving identical treatments. Time spent by the fish in sampling alternative habitats and the ease with which some individuals could restrict the access of others to the habitats may have contributed to the failure of the ideal free distribution model. The effectiveness with which guppies use the surface film for respiration under hypoxic conditions may explain the lack of a dissolved oxygen effect. Our study demonstrates the need to understand conditions that promote or hinder the appearance of ideal free distributions before they can be used to predict the relationship between animal density and resource availability in nature.

scholarly journals Swift Foxes and Ideal Free Distribution: Relative Influence of Vegetation and Rodent Prey Base on Swift Fox Survival, Density, and Home Range Size

ISRN Zoology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig M. Thompson ◽  
Eric M. Gese
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Ideal Free Distribution ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Free Distribution ◽  
Swift Fox ◽  
Ideal Free

Swift foxes (Vulpes velox) are an endemic mesocarnivore of North America subject to resource and predation-based pressures. While swift fox demographics have been documented, there is little information on the importance of top-down versus bottom-up pressures or the effect of landscape heterogeneity. Using a consumable resource-based ideal free distribution model as a conceptual framework, we isolated the effects of resource-based habitat selection on fox population ecology. We hypothesized if swift fox ecology is predominantly resource dependant, distribution, survival, and space use would match predictions made under ideal free distribution theory. We monitored survival and home range use of 47 swift foxes in southeastern Colorado from 2001 to 2004. Annual home range size was 15.4 km2, and seasonal home range size was 10.1 km2. At the individual level, annual home range size was unrelated to survival. Estimates of fox density ranged from 0.03 to 0.18 foxes/km2. Seasonal survival rates were 0.73 and 1.0 and did not differ seasonally. Foxes conformed to the predictions of the ideal free distribution model during winter, indicating foxes are food stressed and their behavior governed by resource acquisition. During the rest of the year, behavior was not resource driven and was governed by security from intraguild predation.

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