Effect of growth rate and abnormal growth on wood substance and cell wall density

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Tsoumis ◽  
Constantine Passialis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Wood Substance

Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to killing by oxacillin

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1692-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary K. Best ◽  
Ann V. Koval ◽  
Norma H. Best
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Killing Action

Sixty clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus have been screened for their relative susceptibility to the killing action of oxacillin. Only one of these strains was found to be exceptionally resistant to the bactericidal effect of this and other β-lactam antibiotics. This ability to survive oxacillin inhibition of cell wall synthesis has been called "tolerance." The characteristics of the tolerant organism, which has been designated the Evans strain, in comparison with other isolates of S. aureus indicate that this form of resistance is not apparent from the minimal inhibitory concentration, is not related to an abnormal growth rate, and can be enhanced by treatment with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

scholarly journals Abnormal growth rate of a benign cervical sympathetic chain schwannoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 100295
Author(s):  
Monica H. Xing ◽  
Mykayla L. Sandler ◽  
R. Michael Tuttle ◽  
Azita Khorsandi ◽  
Shabnam Samankan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sympathetic Chain ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic Chain ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic

scholarly journals Spontaneous mutation accompanying decreased growth rate and cell wall thickening confers vancomycin resistance in the subpopulation of heterogeneously vancomycim-resistaut strain Mu3.

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA KPI ◽  
FUMIHIKO TAKEUCHI ◽  
KEIKO OKUMA ◽  
MAKOTO KURODA ◽  
LONGZHU CUI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Vancomycin Resistance ◽  
Wall Thickening

ABNORMAL GROWTH INDUCED BY PENICILLIN IN A STRAIN OF ALCALIGENES FECALIS

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Lark
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Globular Form ◽  
Kinetics Of

The effect of penicillin on strain LB of Alcaligenes fccalis has been studied. In tryptone, 50 units/ml. of penicillin transforms the bacillary form of this organism into a protoplast-like structure (globular form) which is capable of exponential growth and division. The division rate of this globular form is about one-half that of the bacillary form. Removal of penicillin results in the reversion of the globular to the bacillary form. Multiplication of the globular form has been found to depend on the presence of some principle present in tryptone not required for bacillary growth in the absence of penicillin. The kinetics of the transformation and reversion process have been studied, leading to the hypothesis that penicillin affects some component: within the cell, this component being concerned with cell division and the elaboration of the cell wall.

Longitudinal Ultrasonic Biometry of Various Parameters in Fetuses with Abnormal Growth Rate

1987 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Basel ◽  
R. Lederer ◽  
Y. Z. Diamant
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Abnormal Growth

scholarly journals Exposure to UV-B Radiation Leads to Increased Deposition of Cell Wall-Associated Xerocomic Acid in Cultures of Serpula himantioides

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange Torres ◽  
Mariela González-Ramírez ◽  
Javiera Gavilán ◽  
Cristian Paz ◽  
Goetz Palfner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Metabolic Switch

ABSTRACT Many fungi are thought to have developed morphological and physiological adaptations to cope with exposure to UV-B radiation, but in most species, such responses and their protective effects have not been explored. Here, we study the adaptive response to UV-B radiation in the widespread, saprotrophic fungus Serpula himantioides, frequently found colonizing coniferous wood in nature. We report the morphological and chemical responses of S. himantioides to controlled intensities of UV-B radiation, under in vitro culture conditions. Ultraviolet radiation induced a decrease in the growth rate of S. himantioides but did not cause gross morphological changes. Instead, we observed accumulation of pigments near the cell wall with increasing intensities of UV-B radiation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses revealed that xerocomic acid was the main pigment present, both before and after UV-B exposure, increasing from 7 mg/liter to 15 mg/liter after exposure. We show that xerocomic acid is a photoprotective metabolite with strong antioxidant abilities, as evidenced by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt], and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Finally, we assessed the capacity of xerocomic acid as a photoprotective agent on HEK293 cells and observed better photoprotective properties than those of β-carotene. Xerocomic acid is therefore a promising natural product for development as a UV-protective ingredient in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. IMPORTANCE Our study shows the morphological and chemical responses of S. himantioides to controlled doses of UV-B radiation under in vitro culture conditions. We found that increased biosynthesis of xerocomic acid was the main strategy adopted by S. himantioides against UV-B radiation. Xerocomic acid showed strong antioxidant and photoprotective abilities, which has not previously been reported. Our results indicate that upon UV-B exposure, S. himantioides decreases its hyphal growth rate and uses this energy instead to increase the biosynthesis of xerocomic acid, which is allocated near the cell wall. This metabolic switch likely allows xerocomic acid to efficiently defend S. himantioides from UV radiation through its antioxidant and photoprotective properties. The findings further suggest that xerocomic acid is a promising candidate for development as a cosmetic ingredient to protect against UV radiation and should therefore be investigated in depth in the near future both in vitro and in vivo.

Pattern of polar extension of the cell wall in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. May ◽  
J. M. Mitchison
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Cell Wall Extension ◽  
Complete Cell

The indirect fluorescent-antibody technique has been used to establish the pattern of polar extension in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe 160 over a complete cell cycle in liquid medium, thus avoiding the possibility of perturbations being introduced by growth on an agar pad, which is the technique used in most other investigations. Nearly all of the cells (about 98%) showed more growth at the old end than at the new end that was formed by cleavage of the septum at the previous division. Importantly, there was no evidence of the abnormal growth pattern (i.e., the significant contribution of new ends to extension) in cells of S. pombe growing on agar pads reported by Miyata et al. (H. Miyata, M. Miyata, and B.F. Johnson. 1986. Can. J. Microbiol. 32: 528–530 and 1990. Can. J. Microbiol. 36: 390–394). In addition, extension over the cycle was inversely related to birth length (cells shorter than the mean at birth tended to produce daughter cells longer than themselves and vice versa), there was a small but significant asymmetry in the position of the septum, and the time of initiation of extension at the new end was estimated at about 0.24 of the cycle.Key words: Schizosaccharomyces pombe, fission yeast, cell-wall extension, end growth, cell cycle.

Reduced Growth Rate and Changes in Cell Wall Proteins of Plant Cells Adapted to NaCl

1989 ◽  
pp. 173-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Singh ◽  
P. C. LaRosa ◽  
D. Nelson ◽  
N. Iraki ◽  
N. C. Carpita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins

scholarly journals Osmolyte homeostasis controls single-cell growth rate and maximum cell size of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Altenburg ◽  
Björn Goldenbogen ◽  
Jannis Uhlendorf ◽  
Edda Klipp
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Cell Growth Rate ◽  
Final Size

Abstract Cell growth is well described at the population level, but precisely how nutrient and water uptake and cell wall expansion drive the growth of single cells is poorly understood. Supported by measurements of single-cell growth trajectories and cell wall elasticity, we present a single-cell growth model for yeast. The model links the thermodynamic quantities, such as turgor pressure, osmolarity, cell wall elasto-plasticity, and cell size, applying concepts from rheology and thin shell theory. It reproduces cell size dynamics during single-cell growth, budding, and hyper-osmotic or hypo-osmotic stress. We find that single-cell growth rate and final size are primarily governed by osmolyte uptake and consumption, while bud expansion requires additionally different cell wall extensibilities between mother and bud. Based on first principles the model provides a more accurate description of size dynamics than previous attempts and its analytical simplification allows for easy combination with models for other cell processes.

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