Cell wall glycoproteins from Chlamydomonas reinhardii, and their self-assembly

Planta ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Catt ◽  
G. J. Hills ◽  
K. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardii

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

scholarly journals Macromolecules released into the culture medium during the vegetative cell cycle of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardii

1985 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Mother Cell ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Cell Enlargement ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardii ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Mother Cell Wall

The culture medium of growing Chlamydomonas reinhardii cells contains hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, which are mainly liberated during release of the zoospores from the mother-cell wall. Pulse-labelling studies with [3H]proline and [35S]methionine have been performed in order to detect the protein components released by synchronously growing cells at different stages of the cell cycle. When either [3H]proline or [35S]methionine were applied during the phase of cell growth, radioactive label appeared in the released macromolecules after a lag period of 40 min, whereas incorporation into the insoluble part of the cell wall was delayed only by 20 min. When applied at the end of the growth phase, e.g. 13 h after beginning of the illumination period, the radioactive amino acids were incorporated into the cell wall, but radioactive labelling of macromolecules released into the culture medium could not be detected before the zoospores were liberated from the mother-cell wall. Maximal incorporation of [3H]proline and [35S]methionine into the insoluble part of the cell wall was observed during cell division, but essentially no radioactively-labelled macromolecules were released into the culture medium during this time period. Analysis of the macromolecules, which were liberated during cell enlargement, by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis revealed distinct radioactive bands, which were differentially labelled with [3H]proline and [35S]methionine. Among the macromolecules released into the culture medium during cell growth, a component of an apparent Mr 35 000 was preferentially labelled with [3H]proline. This component was also detected after labelling with [35S]methionine, but components of an apparently higher Mr were more prominent after labelling with [35S]methionine. Macromolecules released during the cell-enlargement period of synchronously growing cultures in the presence of [3H]proline contained radioactively-labelled hydroxyproline in addition to proline. These results show that, during cell-wall growth, specific protein components are released into the culture medium and that at least one of these components contains large amounts of proline and hydroxyproline. At least some of these macromolecules seem to be constituents of the cell wall, because during pulse-chase experiments radioactively-labelled macromolecules appeared in the culture medium mainly during the time period when the specific radioactivity of the insoluble inner-cell-wall layer decreased.

Stability and Self-Assembly of the S-Layer Protein of the Cell Wall of Bacillus stearothermophilus

nano Online ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jaenicke ◽  
R. Welsch ◽  
M. Sára ◽  
U.B. Sleytr
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Bacillus Stearothermophilus

Stability and Self-Assembly of the S-Layer Protein of the Cell Wall ofBacillus stearothermophilm

1985 ◽  
Vol 366 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer JAENICKE ◽  
Roland WELSCH
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly

The zygote cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardii: a structural, chemical and immunological approach

Planta ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 170 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Grief ◽  
M. A. O'Neill ◽  
P. J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardii ◽  
Immunological Approach

Methylation analysis of cell wall glycoproteins and glycopeptides from Chlamydomonas reinhardii

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm A. O'neill ◽  
Keith Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardii

scholarly journals Extensin arabinosylation is involved in root response to elicitors and limits oomycete colonization

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 751-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Castilleux ◽  
Barbara Plancot ◽  
Bruno Gügi ◽  
Agnès Attard ◽  
Corinne Loutelier-Bourhis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Structural Conformation ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Cross Links

Abstract Background and Aims Extensins are hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins thought to strengthen the plant cell wall, one of the first barriers against pathogens, through intra- and intermolecular cross-links. The glycan moiety of extensins is believed to confer the correct structural conformation to the glycoprotein, leading to self-assembly within the cell wall that helps limit microbial adherence and invasion. However, this role is not clearly established. Methods We used Arabidopsis thaliana mutants impaired in extensin arabinosylation to investigate the role of extensin arabinosylation in root–microbe interactions. Mutant and wild-type roots were stimulated to elicit an immune response with flagellin 22 and immunolabelled with a set of anti-extensin antibodies. Roots were also inoculated with a soilborne oomycete, Phytophthora parasitica, to assess the effect of extensin arabinosylation on root colonization. Key Results A differential distribution of extensin epitopes was observed in wild-type plants in response to elicitation. Elicitation also triggers altered epitope expression in mutant roots compared with wild-type and non-elicited roots. Inoculation with the pathogen P. parasitica resulted in enhanced root colonization for two mutants, specifically xeg113 and rra2. Conclusions We provide evidence for a link between extensin arabinosylation and root defence, and propose a model to explain the importance of glycosylation in limiting invasion of root cells by pathogenic oomycetes.

scholarly journals Nucleated assembly of Chlamydomonas and Volvox cell walls.

1987 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 2373-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
W S Adair ◽  
S A Steinmetz ◽  
D M Mattson ◽  
U W Goodenough ◽  
J E Heuser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Volvox Carteri ◽  
Crystalline Layer ◽  
Chlamydomonas Eugametos ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Taxonomic Assignments ◽  
Hybrid Walls ◽  
Layer Specificity

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell wall is made up of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, arranged in five distinct layers. The W6 (crystalline) layer contains three major glycoproteins (GP1, GP2, GP3), selectively extractable with chaotropic agents, that self-assemble into crystals in vitro. A system to study W6 assembly in a quantitative fashion was developed that employs perchlorate-extracted Chlamydomonas cells as nucleating agents. Wall reconstitution by biotinylated W6 monomers was monitored by FITC-streptavidin fluorescence and quick-freeze/deep-etch electron microscopy. Optimal reconstitution was obtained at monomer concentrations (0.2-0.3 mg/ml) well below those required for nonnucleated assembly. Assembly occurred from multiple nucleation sites, and faithfully reflected the structure of the intact W6 layer. Specificity of nucleated assembly was demonstrated using two cell-wall mutants (cw-2 and cw-15); neither served as a substrate for assembly of wild-type monomers. In addition, W6 sublayers were assembled from purified components: GP2 and GP3 coassembled to form the inner (W6A) sublayer; this then served as a substrate for self-assembly of GP1 into the outer (W6B) sublayer. Finally, evolutionary relationships between C. reinhardtii and two additional members of the Volvocales (Chlamydomonas eugametos and Volvox carteri) were explored by performing interspecific reconstitutions. Hybrid walls were obtained between C. reinhardtii and Volvox but not with C. eugametos, confirming taxonomic assignments based on structural criteria.

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