Role of plant defense in the utilization of native browse in southern Ethiopia

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Woodward ◽  
D. L. Coppock
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Southern Ethiopia

Role of Oomycete Elicitors in Plant Defense Signaling

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Sudisha Jogaiah ◽  
Sharathchandra Ramasandra Govind ◽  
Huntrike Shekar Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Signaling ◽  
Plant Defense Signaling

Plant Resistance Genes for Fungal Pathogens - Physiological Models and Identification in Cereal Crops

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 969-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Knogge
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Physiological Models ◽  
Plant Genes ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interaction

The complex biological phenomenon “resistance” can be reduced to single Mendelian traits acting on both the plant and the pathogen side in a number of pathosystems. According to the “gene-for-gene hypothesis”, the outcome of a plant/pathogen interaction in these cases is incompatibility if a plant carrying a particular resistance gene and a pathogen with the complementary avirulence gene meet. This suggests a causal role of resistance genes in a recognition process initiating active plant defense responses. Fundamentally different strategies are followed to identify these genes molecularly depending on the plant and pathogen species involved. Fungal diseases of crop plants, especially those of cereals, cause dramatic yield losses worldwide. It is assumed that a molecular characterization of plant genes conferring resistance to fungal pathogens will lead to a better understanding of the plant defense system in general permitting the development of new methods of crop plant protection.

Role of primary metabolites in plant defense against pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 103728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madiha Zaynab ◽  
Mahpara Fatima ◽  
Yasir Sharif ◽  
Muhammad Hammad Zafar ◽  
Habib Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Primary Metabolites

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of Plant Defense Suppression and Activation by the Xanthomonas Core Type III Effector XopX

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Stork ◽  
Jung-Gun Kim ◽  
Mary Beth Mudgett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Immune Signaling ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Effector Triggered Immunity ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
Type Iii Secretion Effector ◽  
Susceptible Tomato

Many phytopathogenic type III secretion effector proteins (T3Es) have been shown to target and suppress plant immune signaling but perturbation of the plant immune system by T3Es can also elicit a plant response. XopX is a “core” Xanthomonas T3E that contributes to growth and symptom development during Xanthomonas euvesicatoria infection of tomato but its functional role is undefined. We tested the effect of XopX on several aspects of plant immune signaling. XopX promoted ethylene production and plant cell death (PCD) during X. euvesicatoria infection of susceptible tomato and in transient expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is consistent with its requirement for the development of X. euvesicatoria-induced disease symptoms. Additionally, although XopX suppressed flagellin-induced reactive oxygen species, it promoted the accumulation of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) gene transcripts. Surprisingly, XopX coexpression with other PCD elicitors resulted in delayed PCD, suggesting antagonism between XopX-dependent PCD and other PCD pathways. However, we found no evidence that XopX contributed to the suppression of effector-triggered immunity during X. euvesicatoria–tomato interactions, suggesting that XopX's primary virulence role is to modulate PTI. These results highlight the dual role of a core Xanthomonas T3E in simultaneously suppressing and activating plant defense responses.

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