Optimal excess reflux in continuous rectification

1971 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 782-786
Author(s):  
V. V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Rectification

scholarly journals Innovation in Continuous Rectification for Tequila Production

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Estarrón-Espinosa Mirna ◽  
Ruperto-Pérez Mariela ◽  
Padilla-de la Rosa José Daniel ◽  
Prado-Ramírez Rogelio
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Distillation Columns ◽  
Continuous Rectification ◽  
New Process ◽  
Volatile Profiles ◽  
First Time ◽  
Continuous Distillation ◽  
Manual Mode ◽  
Rectification Process

In this study, a new process of continuous horizontal distillation at a pilot level is presented. It was applied for the first time to the rectification of an ordinario fraction obtained industrially. Continuous horizontal distillation is a new process whose design combines the benefits of both distillation columns, in terms of productivity and energy savings (50%), and distillation stills in batch, in terms of the aromatic complexity of the distillate obtained. The horizontal process of continuous distillation was carried out at the pilot level in a manual mode, obtaining five accumulated fractions of distillate that were characterized by gas chromatography (GC-FID). The tequila obtained from the rectification process in this new continuous horizontal distillation process complies with the content of methanol and higher alcohols regulated by the Official Mexican Standard (NOM-006-SCFI-2012). Continuous horizontal distillation of tequila has potential energy savings of 50% compared to the traditional process, besides allowing products with major volatile profiles within the maximum limits established by the regulation for this beverage to be obtained.

Use of a computer to analyze the continuous rectification of a binary mixture

1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 795-799
Author(s):  
V. V. Popov ◽  
Yu. K. Molokanov ◽  
B. S. Sverchinskii
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Continuous Rectification

scholarly journals Benzenesulfonic Acid - an Green Efficient Esterification Catalysts for Continuous Synthesis of n-propyl Acetate

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Zhijun Xia
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Benzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Propyl Acetate ◽  
Comparison System ◽  
Fast Evaluation ◽  
Green Catalyst ◽  
Continuous Synthesis ◽  
Continuous Rectification ◽  
The Stability

The esterification of acetic acid and n-propanol catalyzed by benzenesulfonic acid and its derivatives in the batch and continuous rectification tower was studied, in order to develop a new effective and green catalyst instead of the oxidative and corrosive sulfuric acid. A series of the comparison system with sulfuric acid was build for the targeted and fast evaluation of catalysts. The results showed that the catalytic esterification activity of p-phenolsulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfuric acid is very closed to sulfonic acid in the continuous rectification tower. Furthermore, the stability test for continuous esterification with p-toluenesulfuric acid presented that the high yield of n-propyl acetate could maintain 50 hours and stability. Therefore, p-phenolsulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfuric acid could be prospective substitutes for sulfuric acid for the continuous synthesis of n-propyl acetate in the rectification tower.

Approximate calculation of continuous rectification

1967 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
B. S. Sverchinskii ◽  
V. V. Popov ◽  
M. B. Gutman
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Calculation ◽  
Continuous Rectification

Identification of low-boiling fraction of pyrolysis oil

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Jan Novrocík ◽  
Marta Novrocíková
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Column ◽  
Glass Capillary Column ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Oil Fraction ◽  
Continuous Rectification ◽  
Determination Of Parameters

Composition of the low-boiling fraction of the pyrolysis oil obtained from continuous rectification has been determined by combination of capillary gas-liquid chromatography with other identification methods (catalytic hydrogenation, polymerization). In this way components have been identified which form overall 86.0 per cent (m/m) of the low-boiling fraction. The said pyrolysis oil fraction has been found to contain almost 50 per cent (m/m) of unsaturated components able of polymerization, especially methylindenes, methyl-, ethyl- and dimethylvinylbenzenes, divinylbenzenes and 1,2-dihydronaphthalene. Elution behaviour of all the identified isomeric methylindenes, divinylbenzenes and 1,2-dihydronaphthalene has been evaluated by determination of parameters of the equation Ist.phase (2) = k . Ist.phase(1) + q. The Kovats elution indices of all the identified aromatic hydrocarbons have been determined with the use of a glass capillary column wetted with Carbowax 20M at 80 °C.

scholarly journals Separation and Rectification of Chloroacetyl Chloride from TiCl4

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Fuxing Zhu ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Dafu Zhang ◽  
Shangrun Ma ◽  
Zhanshan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Heating Power ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Orthogonal Experimental Design ◽  
Chloroacetyl Chloride ◽  
Imperfect Detection ◽  
Continuous Rectification

Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) is an important intermediate material for the preparation of titanium products. The organic impurities in TiCl4 are easily accumulated during the production of titanium sponges due to the problems of imperfect detection methods and the lack of effective control methods, resulting in a poor quality of sponge titanium. Among all impurities, chloroacetyl chloride (CAC) is the most important in TiCl4. Herein, the determination of the CAC content in TiCl4 solution, with a low detection limit of 0.633 ppm, was established by the standard addition method using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. This test method presented good repeatability, excellent accuracy, and moderate precision. Furthermore, the influencing factors of CAC separation in the continuous rectification process, including the heating power (the ratio of total heating power to feed rate), reflux temperature, top tower pressure, and feed temperature were optimized based on an orthogonal experimental design. The experimental data demonstrated that the average CAC removal rate reached 78.94% ± 1.00% under the optimal distillation conditions, with 72.21% of the CAC removed via the off-gas system. Therefore, excellent control of the negative pressure of the tail gas is highly desirable for the removal of CAC impurities.

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