Max Weber, critical theory, and the administered world

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey C. Greisman ◽  
George Ritzer
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Max Weber

Crises sistêmicas e racionalização social como reificação: uma reconstrução da teoria social marxiana

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-75
Author(s):  
Daniel Valente Pedroso de Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Marxian Theory ◽  
Step Over

Resumo: Como entender o desenvolvimento teórico e as mudanças históricosociais que impulsionaram a recuperação e alteração da teoria marxiana no século XX e como esta ainda se encontra atuante sobre nosso horizonte social contemporâneo? Fazendo uso da reconstrução crítica de Habermas, a recuperação se inicia com Weber, a passagem por Lukács e na recepção horkheimeriana-adorniana, que tanto influenciou a crítica social do século XX, o presente artigo busca apresentar uma possibilidade de leitura.  Palavras-chave: Teoria crítica. Reificação. Marx. Habermas. Modernidade.  Abstract: How can we understand the theoretical development and all the socialhistorical changes which drove the incoming recovery and the further alteration of the Marxian theory in the twentieth century and how is it still possible to assumes it on our contemporary societies? Recovering Habermas’s critical reconstruction, which starts with Weber, the next step over Lukács, and the Horkheimerian-Adornian theoretical reception, which has largely influenced twentieth social critic, the aim paper intents to show up a possible reading.  Keywords: Critical theory. Reification. Marx. Habermas. Modernity.  REFERÊNCIAS  ARAUTO, A. “Lukács’ Theory of Reification”. In: Telos, n. 11, 1972.  ARGÜELLO, K. O Ícaro da Modernidade: Direito e Política em Max Weber. São Paulo: Acadêmica, 1997.  BERNSTEIN, R. J. Habermas and Modernity. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1991.  BRAATEN, J. Habermas’s Critical Theory of Society. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991.  COUTINHO, C. N. Lukács: A Ontologia e a Política. In: ANTUNES, R. & RÊGO, W. L. (orgs.). Lukács: Um Galileu no Século XX. São Paulo: Boitempo Editorial, 1996.  GIDDENS, A. “Reason without Revolution? Habermas’s Theorie des Kommunikativen Handelns”. In :BERNSTEIN, R. J. Habermas and Modernity. Cambridge, Massaschusetts : The MIT Press, 1991.  HABERMAS, J. “Does Philosophy still have a Purpose?”. In: HABERMAS, J. Philosophical-Political Profiles. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1983.  HABERMAS, J.  The Theory of Communicative Action, Volume I: Reason and the Rationalization of Society. Boston: Beacon Press, 1984.  HABERMAS, J.  Técnica e Ciência como “Ideologia”. São Paulo: Unesp, 2014.  HONNETH, A. The Critique of Power: Reflective Stages in a Critical Social Theory. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1997.  HORKHEIMER, M. Eclipse da Razão. São Paulo: Centauro Editora, 2002.  HORKHEIMER, M. Teoria Tradicional e Teoria Crítica. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1975.  HORKHEIMER, M.; ADORNO, T. W. Dialética do Esclarecimento. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Editor, 2006.  LEO MAAR, W. “A Reificação como Realidade Social: Práxis, Trabalho e Crítica Imanente em HCC”. In: ANTUNES, R. & RÊGO, W. L. (orgs). Lukács: Um Galileu no século XX. São Paulo: Boitempo Editorial, 1996.  LUKÁCS, G. História e Consciência de Classe: Estudos sobre a Dialética Marxista. São Paulo: WMF Martins Fontes, 2016.MARX, K. A Ideologia Alemã. São Paulo: Boitempo Editorial, 2007.  MARX, K. Grundrisse: Manuscritos Econômicos de 1857-1858 & Esboços da Crítica da Economia Política. São Paulo: Boitempo Editorial, 2011.  MELO, R. Marx e Habermas: Teoria Crítica e os Sentidos de Emancipação. São Paulo: Editora Saraiva, 2013.  MENEZES, A. B. N. T. Habermas e a Modernidade: Uma “Metacrítica da Razão Instrumental”. Natal: EDUFRN, 2009.  NETTO, J. P. “Lukács e o Marxismo Ocidental”. In: ANTUNES, R. & RÊGO, W. L. (orgs.). Lukács: Um Galileu no Século XX. São Paulo: Boitempo Editorial, 1996.  NOBRE, M. A Dialética Negativa de Theodor W. Adorno: A Ontologia do Estado Falso. São Paulo: Iluminuras/FAPESP, 1998.  NOBRE, M. A Teoria Crítica. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar Editor, 2004.  PINZANI, A. Habermas: Introdução. São Paulo: Artmed, 2004. REPA, L. A Transformação da Filosofia em Jürgen Habermas: Os Papéis de Reconstrução, Interpretação e Crítica. São Paulo: Editora Singular, 2008.  TEIXEIRA, M. Razão e Reificação: Um Estudo sobre Max Weber em “História e Consciência de Classe” de Georg Lukács. Campinas: Unicamp, Dissertação de mestrado, in mimeo, 2010.  WELLMER, A. “Reason, Utopia, and the Dialectic of Enlightenment”. In: BERNSTEIN, R. J. Habermas and Modernity. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1991.  

scholarly journals Days of the Cavemen? Adorno, Spengler, and the Anatomy of Caesarism

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-204
Author(s):  
Mikko Immanen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Authoritarian Populism

Abstract This article addresses the controversial question of Theodor W. Adorno’s debt to right-wing Zivilisationskritik by a close reading of his essay “Spengler after the Decline” (1950). The article shows that despite Adorno’s harsh polemics against Oswald Spengler’s Decline of the West (1918, 1922), he sought to make Spengler’s analysis of Weimar Germany’s undemocratic tendencies—“Caesarism”—serve progressive ends. However, Adorno’s essay was not just an effort at “coming to terms with the past” in Adenauerian West Germany. Reading the essay’s original 1941 version together with Adorno’s correspondence with Max Horkheimer sheds light on Spengler as an overlooked key (next to Max Weber, Sigmund Freud, and Walter Benjamin) to their Dialectic of Enlightenment, written in 1941–44. Adorno’s daring effort to appropriate Spengler’s analysis of Caesarism makes Adorno’s critical theory an asset in understanding today’s authoritarian populism.

scholarly journals Max Weber and the New Critical Theory of Hartmut Rosa: Updating the Classics

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-166
Author(s):  
D.V. Kataev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Early Modernity ◽  
Content Relevance ◽  
German Sociologist ◽  
The One ◽  
Main Ideas

The article discusses a key issue for Russian and international Max Weber Studies: the epistemological possibilities and place of Weberian sociology in modern social theory. Discussion articles by well-known Russian scientists — who sharply criticized the actualizing direction of Weberian studies in general, and the religious, cultural, and sociological orientation in particular — are contrasted with the re-actualization and rethinking of key Weberian themes in the “New Critical Theory” of the influential German sociologist Hartmut Rosa. Such a projection will make it possible, on the one hand, to thematize the axiomatic assertion about the heuristic rather than concrete-content relevance of the classics; on the other hand, it will provide an opportunity to read Weber as a macrosociologist. In the original, criticized, and often rejected sociology of Rosa, Weber appears not only as a predecessor whose mention enhances the relevance of the new theoretical framework, but, above all, as an analyst and diagnostician of early modernity. Weber’s main ideas and theoretical constructions are organically built into Rosa’s methodological framework: analysis-diagnosis-praxis. The analysis of rationalization as a universal historical process of modernity in Weber’s sociology is rethought by Rosa as expansion and acceleration; disenchantment becomes a diagnosis of modernity and is recoded into alienation, while the concept of charisma is transformed into the key concept of resonance.

scholarly journals Liberalisme dan Rasionalitas sebagai Basis Rule of Law: Perspektif Gerald Turkel

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-200
Author(s):  
Aditya Yuli Sulistyawan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
The United States ◽  
Philosophical Study ◽  
Classical Liberalism ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is intended to discuss Gerald Turkel’s thoughts on liberal society, rationality, and rule of law, as well as the author’s analysis of the paradigms that underlie these thoughts. This article focuses on the scope of social change by analyzing how rule of law has made the change from classical liberalism and competitive capitalism to corporate liberalism and corporate capitalism in the United States. Through the study of literature, the author can conclude that there is a common thread between the relationship between classical liberalism, competitive capitalism and the rule of law ideology, in this case the rule of law is explained based on the typology of legal decision making put forward by Max Weber and his views on rationality and social action. Next, a philosophical study by the author paradigmatically against the thought of Turkel concluded that Turkel’s writings were still in the understanding of the positivism paradigm. However, this paradigmatic study is not the only one because through this writing, the reader is invited to slowly (but surely) enter the “world” paradigm of critical theory et. al. Therefore, among the paradigmatic ranges, Turkel actually rests on the post-positivism paradigm. Abstrak Artikel ini membahas pemikiran Gerald Turkel mengenai masyarakat liberal, rasionalitas, dan rule of law, serta paradigma yang memayungi pemikiran tersebut. Artikel ini difokuskan pada lingkup perubahan sosial dengan menganalisis bagaimana rule of law telah membuat perubahan dari liberalisme klasik dan kapitalisme kompetitif menuju liberalisme korporasi dan kapitalisme korporasi di Amerika Serikat. Melalui studi literatur, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat benang merah hubungan antara liberalisme klasik, kapitalisme kompetitif dan ideologi rule of law, dalam hal ini rule of law yang dijelaskan berdasarkan tipologi pengambilan keputusan hukum yang dikemukakan oleh Max Weber dan pandangannya tentang rasionalitas dan tindakan sosial. Telaah filsafati yang dilakukan secara paradigmatik terhadap pemikiran Turkel menyimpulkan bahwa tulisan Turkel masih berada dalam pemahaman paradigma positivisme. Namun demikian, telaah paradigmatik ini bukanlah satu-satunya, karena melalui tulisan tersebut pembaca diajak untuk secara perlahan-lahan (namun pasti) memasuki “dunia” paradigma critical theory. Oleh karena di antara rentang paradigmatik itu, Turkel sejatinya berpijak pada paradigma post-positivisme.

scholarly journals Tragedy, Modernity and Political Life

Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Universal Form ◽  
Political Reason ◽  
Political Rationality

Abstract What are the links between tragedy, politics and modernity? Diverse currents in social and critical theory have tackled this question; some arguing that modernity has itself a tragic structure insofar as its promises are undermined by their own realisation, others that the diversity of worldviews (the ‘warring Gods’ referred to by Max Weber) has tragic—because un-reconcilable—form. After briefly reviewing some of these issues, the paper looks more specifically at tragic structure in relation to (European) modernity and political reason. The French Terror has unique significance in this context, signalling as it does the failure of any kind of political rationality that seeks to take unmediated, universal form. The consequences of this failure are also, in a way, tragic in so far as they involve contradictions and irresolvable dilemmas of ongoing, everyday political existence. As a result—and perhaps this should itself be seen as much in terms of tragedy as triumphalism—our modernity condemns us to liberalism.

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