Developmental changes in energy metabolism ofSchistosoma mansoni and physiological role of oxygen in maintaining parasite function

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1885-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Thompson ◽  
James L. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Developmental Changes

scholarly journals Selenocysteine β-Lyase: Biochemistry, Regulation and Physiological Role of the Selenocysteine Decomposition Enzyme

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia A. Seale
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Expression And Activity

The enzyme selenocysteine β-lyase (SCLY) was first isolated in 1982 from pig livers, followed by its identification in bacteria. SCLY works as a homodimer, utilizing pyridoxal 5’-phosphate as a cofactor, and catalyzing the specific decomposition of the amino acid selenocysteine into alanine and selenide. The enzyme is thought to deliver its selenide as a substrate for selenophosphate synthetases, which will ultimately be reutilized in selenoprotein synthesis. SCLY subcellular localization is unresolved, as it has been observed both in the cytosol and in the nucleus depending on the technical approach used. The highest SCLY expression and activity in mammals is found in the liver and kidneys. Disruption of the Scly gene in mice led to obesity, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis, with SCLY being suggested as a participant in the regulation of energy metabolism in a sex-dependent manner. With the physiological role of SCLY still not fully understood, this review attempts to discuss the available literature regarding SCLY in animals and provides avenues for possible future investigation.

Alternative Oxidase and Uncoupling Protein: Thermogenesis Versus Cell Energy Balance

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wieslawa Jarmuszkiewicz ◽  
Claudine M. Sluse-Goffart ◽  
Anibal E. Vercesi ◽  
Francis E. Sluse
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain ◽  
Cell Energy ◽  
Stimulation Of

The physiological role of an alternative oxidase and an uncoupling protein in plant and protists is discussed in terms of thermogenesis and energy metabolism balance in the cell. It is concluded that thermogenesis is restricted not only by a lower-limit size but also by a kinetically-limited stimulation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

scholarly journals Physiological Role of Leptin: A Bird’s Eye View

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipika P Baria ◽  
Tejas J Shah ◽  
Shruti V Brahmbhatt
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Central Control ◽  
Neuroendocrine Function ◽  
Regulation Of Metabolism

Since its discovery over fifteen years ago, Leptin remains the cornerstone for researchers because of its important role in central control of energy metabolism. Apart from role in energy metabolism, researchers have identified some newer but important roles of leptin in various areas like neuroendocrine function and regulation of metabolism-immune system interplay. Recently, recombinant human leptin emerged as a therapeutic intervention in various disorders. In this review, we highlighted important biology and physiology of leptin, its association with several disorders, and therapeutic interventions involving leptin.

Plant Uncoupling Mitochondrial Protein and Alternative Oxidase: Energy Metabolism and Stress

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Borecký ◽  
Aníbal E. Vercesi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Plant Uncoupling Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
And Function

Energy-dissipation in plant mitochondria can be mediated by inner membrane proteins via two processes: redox potential-dissipation or proton electrochemical potential-dissipation. Alternative oxidases (AOx) and the plant uncoupling mitochondrial proteins (PUMP) perform a type of intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of the coupling between respiration and phosphorylation, respectively. Expression analyses and functional studies on AOx and PUMP under normal and stress conditions suggest that the physiological role of both systems lies most likely in tuning up the mitochondrial energy metabolism in response of cells to stress situations. Indeed, the expression and function of these proteins in non-thermogenic tissues suggest that their primary functions are not related to heat production.

Mitochondrial matrix calcium ions regulate energy production in myocardium: A cytochemical study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
W.A. Jacob ◽  
R. Hertsens ◽  
A. Van Bogaert ◽  
M. De Smet
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Regulation Of Respiration ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Mitochondrial Matrix ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Nmr Techniques

In the past most studies of the control of energy metabolism focus on the role of the phosphorylation potential ATP/ADP.Pi on the regulation of respiration. Studies using NMR techniques have demonstrated that the concentrations of these compounds for oxidation phosphorylation do not change appreciably throughout the cardiac cycle and during increases in cardiac work. Hence regulation of energy production by calcium ions, present in the mitochondrial matrix, has been the object of a number of recent studies.Three exclusively intramitochondnal dehydrogenases are key enzymes for the regulation of oxidative metabolism. They are activated by calcium ions in the low micromolar range. Since, however, earlier estimates of the intramitochondnal calcium, based on equilibrium thermodynamic considerations, were in the millimolar range, a physiological correlation was not evident. The introduction of calcium-sensitive probes fura-2 and indo-1 made monitoring of free calcium during changing energy metabolism possible. These studies were performed on isolated mitochondria and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is more or less speculative.

The role of Ndufb6 subunit of the electron transport system complex I in the regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity in C2C12 myotubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S84
Author(s):  
T Jelenik ◽  
SW Görgens ◽  
N Krako Jakovljevic ◽  
I Rokitta ◽  
NM Lalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Electron Transport System ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism

Enteral enhancement of glucose disposition by both insulin-dependent and insulin-independent processes. A physiological role of glucagon-like peptide I

Diabetes ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1433-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. D'Alessio ◽  
R. L. Prigeon ◽  
J. W. Ensinck
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Role ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide

Physiological Role of Cyclic Electron Flow in Higher Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Wei HUANG ◽  
Shi-Bao ZHANG ◽  
Kun-Fang CAO
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Cyclic Electron Flow

Role of GPRC6A in Regulating Hepatic Energy Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Pi ◽  
Fuyi Xu ◽  
Ruisong Ye ◽  
Satoru K. Nishimoto ◽  
Robert A. Kesterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Energy Metabolism
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