The role of inhibition in shaping the type of single neuron responses in the auditory system of the frog

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
N. G. Bibikov
Keyword(s):  
Auditory System ◽  
Single Neuron

scholarly journals Recent advancements in understanding the role of epigenetics in the auditory system

Gene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 144996
Author(s):  
Rahul Mittal ◽  
Nicole Bencie ◽  
George Liu ◽  
Nicolas Eshraghi ◽  
Eric Nisenbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory System

scholarly journals Effects of acoustic trauma on the auditory system of the rat: The role of microglia

Neuroscience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Baizer ◽  
K.M. Wong ◽  
S. Manohar ◽  
S.H. Hayes ◽  
D. Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory System ◽  
Acoustic Trauma

scholarly journals Efferent feedback enforces bilateral coupling of spontaneous activity in the developing auditory system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixiang Wang ◽  
Maya Sanghvi ◽  
Alexandra Gribizis ◽  
Yueyi Zhang ◽  
Lei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Descending Pathways ◽  
Efferent System ◽  
Cholinergic Pathway ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Circuit Formation

SummaryIn the developing auditory system, spontaneous activity generated in the cochleae propagates into the central nervous system to promote circuit formation before hearing onset. Effects of the evolving peripheral firing pattern on spontaneous activity in the central auditory system are not well understood. Here, we describe the wide-spread bilateral coupling of spontaneous activity that coincides with the period of transient efferent modulation of inner hair cells from the medial olivochlear (MOC) system. Knocking out the α9/α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a requisite part of the efferent cholinergic pathway, abolishes these bilateral correlations. Pharmacological and chemogenetic experiments confirm that the MOC system is necessary and sufficient to produce the bilateral coupling. Moreover, auditory sensitivity at hearing onset is reduced in the absence of pre-hearing efferent modulation. Together, our results demonstrate how ascending and descending pathways collectively shape spontaneous activity patterns in the auditory system and reveal the essential role of the MOC efferent system in linking otherwise independent streams of bilateral spontaneous activity during the prehearing period.

scholarly journals The Role of Native Language and the Fundamental Design of the Auditory System in Detecting Rhythm Changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ordin ◽  
Leona Polyanskaya ◽  
David Maximiliano Gómez ◽  
Arthur G. Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Auditory System ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Rhythmic Pattern ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Regular Rhythm ◽  
Fundamental Design

Purpose We investigated whether rhythm discrimination is mainly driven by the native language of the listener or by the fundamental design of the human auditory system and universal cognitive mechanisms shared by all people irrespective of rhythmic patterns in their native language. Method In multiple experiments, we asked participants to listen to 2 continuous acoustic sequences and to determine whether their rhythms were the same or different (AX discrimination). Participants were native speakers of 4 languages with different rhythmic properties (Spanish, French, English, and German) to understand whether the predominant rhythmic patterns of a native language affect sensitivity, bias, and reaction time in detecting rhythmic changes in linguistic (Experiment 2) and in nonlinguistic (Experiments 1 and 2) acoustic sequences. We examined sensitivity and bias measures, as well as reaction times. We also computed Bayes factors in order to assess the effect of native language. Results All listeners performed better (i.e., responded faster and manifested higher sensitivity and accuracy) when detecting the presence or absence of a rhythm change when the 1st stimulus in an AX test pair exhibited regular rhythm (i.e., a syllable-timed rhythmic pattern) than when the 1st stimulus exhibited irregular rhythm (i.e., stress-timed rhythmic pattern). This result pattern was observed both on linguistic and nonlinguistic stimuli and was not modulated by the native language of the participant. Conclusion We conclude that rhythm change detection is a fundamental function of a processing system that relies on general auditory mechanisms and is not modulated by linguistic experience.

Role of the F-box protein Skp2 in cell proliferation in the developing auditory system in mice

Neuroreport ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youyi Dong ◽  
Takayuki Nakagawa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Endo ◽  
Tae-Soo Kim ◽  
Fukuichiro Iguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
F Box Protein

Effects of Striatal GABAA-Receptor Blockade on Striatal and Cortical Activity in Monkeys

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 1294-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Darbin ◽  
Thomas Wichmann
Keyword(s):  
Single Neuron ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Neuron Activity ◽  
Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Striatal Neurons ◽  
Glutamate Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Electrical Activities ◽  
Single Neuron Activity

To elucidate the role of ambient striatal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the regulation of neuronal activity in the basal ganglia–thalamocortical circuits, we studied the effects of blocking striatal GABAA receptors on the electrical activities of single striatal neurons, on local field potentials (LFPs) in the striatum, and on motor cortical electroencephalograms (EEGs) in two monkeys. Striatal LFPs were recorded with a device that allowed us to simultaneously record field potentials and apply drugs by reverse microdialysis at the same site. Administration of the GABAA-receptor antagonist gabazine (SR95531, 10 and 500 μM) induced large-amplitude LFP fluctuations at the infusion site, occurring every 2–5 s for about 2 h after the start of the 20-min drug administration. These events were prevented by cotreatment with a GABAA-receptor agonist (muscimol, 100 μM) or a combination of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists (CNQX and MK-801, each given at 100 μM). Gabazine (10 μM) also increased the firing of single neurons recorded close to the injection site, but in most cases there was no correlation between single-neuron activity and the concomitantly recorded LFP signals from the same striatal region. In contrast, intrastriatal application of gabazine increased the correlation between striatal LFPs and EEG, and resulted in the appearance of recurrent EEG events that were temporally related to the striatal LFP events. These data provide evidence that a GABAergic “tone” in the monkey striatum controls the spontaneous activity of striatal neurons, as well as the level of striatal and cortical synchrony.

Latency of Vocalization Onset for Stutterers and Nonstutterers under Conditions of Auditory and Visual, Cueing

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. McFarlane ◽  
Kenneth G. Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Visual Cueing ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Auditory Cueing

The purpose of this study was to determine whether stutterers and nonstutterers differed in latency of vocalization onset as a function of auditory and visual stimulus presentations. Twelve adult stutterers and 12 adult nonstutterers were compared for phonation onset latency under conditions of visual, right ear auditory, and left ear auditory cueing. Analyses of the data indicated that (a) overall phonation onset time did not differ significantly between the groups, (b) no significant differences were found for phonation onset time under conditions of combined auditory cueing, (c) stutterers were significantly slower for /pℵ/ when auditory cueing was presented to either the left ear, (d) stutterers were significantly slower for /pℵ/ and /bℵ/ when the values were combined for the left ear, and (e) there were no significant differences between stutterers' and nonstutterers' phonation onset times under visual cueing. The results are interpreted to implicate a possible role of auditory system functioning in stutterers' motor control for speech tasks such as phonation onset.

DYNAMICS AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF NOISE PERTURBED ENSEMBLES OF PERIODICALLY ACTIVATED NEURON CELLS

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (09) ◽  
pp. 2807-2815 ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR N. BELYKH ◽  
EVGENIYA V. PANKRATOVA ◽  
ERIK MOSEKILDE
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Complete Synchronization ◽  
Random Forcing ◽  
Connection Graph ◽  
Stability Method ◽  
A Chain

The role of noise for a single neuron and for an ensemble of mutually coupled neurons is investigated. For a single element we show that an increase in noise intensity in the regime of irregular firing enhances the coherence of the neuronal response. For this regime of spiking a study of the collective behavior for a chain composed of n mutually coupled Hodgkin–Huxley elements that are subjected simultaneously to sinusoidal drive and to a common random forcing is performed. The conditions for complete synchronization for this case are examined both within the framework of a theoretical approach based on the connection graph stability method and through numerical simulation.

scholarly journals The Role of Glia in the Peripheral and Central Auditory System Following Noise Overexposure: Contribution of TNF-α and IL-1β to the Pathogenesis of Hearing Loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Fuentes-Santamaría ◽  
Juan Carlos Alvarado ◽  
Pedro Melgar-Rojas ◽  
María C. Gabaldón-Ull ◽  
Josef M. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Central Auditory System ◽  
Tnf Α

Role of Spatially Distributed Ion Channels in Single Neuron Computation

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Schwindt
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Spatially Distributed
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