Effect of chronic food restriction on energy balance, thermogenic capacity, and brown-adipose-tissue activity in the rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Rothwell ◽  
Michael J. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity ◽  
Chronic Food Restriction ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity

scholarly journals Brown Adipose Tissue: A New Target for Antiobesity Therapy

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Anna Meiliana ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Adult Humans ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity

BACKGROUND: Human fat consist of white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT). Though most fat is energy-storing WAT, the thermogenic capacity of even small amounts of BAT makes it an attractive therapeutic target for inducing weight loss through energy expenditure.CONTENT: Over the past year, several independent research teams used a combination of positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, immunohistochemistry and gene and protein expression assays to prove conclusively that adult humans have functional BAT. BAT is important for thermogenesis and energy balance in small mammals and its induction in mice promotes energy expenditure, reduces adiposity and protects mice from diet-induced obesity. The thermogenic capacity of BAT is impressive. In humans, it has been estimated that as little as 50g of BAT could utilize up to 20% of basal caloric needs if maximally stimulated.SUMMARY: The obesity pandemic requires new and novel treatments. The past few years have witnessed multiple studies conclusively showing that adult humans have functional BAT, a tissue that has a tremendous capacity for obesity-reducing thermogenesis. Novel therapies targeting BAT thermogenesis may be available in the near future as therapeutic options for obesity and diabetes. Thermogenic ingredients may be considered as functional agents that could help in preventing a positive energy balance and obesity.KEYWORDS: brown adipose tissue, thermogenesis, energy expenditure, antiobesity therapy

Changes in body composition, brown adipose tissue activity and thermogenic capacity in BN/BiRij rats undergoing senescence

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Horan ◽  
R.A. Little ◽  
N.J. Rothwell ◽  
M.J. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity

scholarly journals Exosomal miR-92a Concentration in the Serum of Shift Workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Bracci ◽  
Maria Eléxpuru Zabaleta ◽  
Maria Fiorella Tartaglione ◽  
Caterina Ledda ◽  
Venerando Rapisarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity ◽  
Serum Exosomes

Shift work is associated with alterations in the human biological clock and metabolism. Serum exosomal miR-92a concentration was inversely correlated with brown adipose tissue activity playing a pivotal role in energy balance. In this study, miR-92a was measured in serum exosomes of 30 workers engaged in shift and daytime work. No significant metabolic alterations were shown between daytime and shift workers while a difference in serum exosomal miR-92a levels was found between the two groups. The lower levels of miR-92a in shift workers were suggestive of a higher brown adipose tissue activity compared with daytime workers. However, the possibility that other physiological and pathological processes may influence miR-92a cannot be ruled out. Our results suggest further investigations on brown adipose tissue activity and on miR-92a regulatory mechanisms, such as those related to the estrogen pathway, in shift workers.

Energy Balance, Thermogenesis and Brown Adipose Tissue Activity in Tube-Fed Rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1965-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Rothwell ◽  
Michael J. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity

Responses of brown adipose tissue activity to unloading in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yamashita ◽  
Y. Ohira ◽  
T. Wakatsuki ◽  
M. Yamamoto ◽  
T. Kizaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity

To study the responses of thermogenic activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT) to unloading, male Wistar rats were hindlimb suspended for 10 days. Compared with control rats, a significant increase in the BAT-to-body mass ratio and considerable differences in chemical components in BAT were observed in the hindlimb-suspended rats. These findings indicate a marked increase in the thermogenic capacity in BAT of the experimental group. Likewise, the thermogenic activity (which was assessed by guanosine 5′-diphosphate binding to BAT mitochondria) was markedly greater in the mitochondria recovered from BAT of the hindlimb-suspended rats than in those from the control rats (1,610 +/- 450 vs. 202 +/- 132 pmol recovered). Moreover, the uncoupling protein content in the BAT mitochondrial fraction of the hindlimb-suspended rats was significantly higher (1.6-fold) than that in the control rats. As was expected, the uncoupling protein mRNA expression was greater in hindlimb-suspended rats than in control animals. These results suggest that chronic hindlimb suspension leads to an increase in both the thermogenic capacity and the activity in BAT of rats.

scholarly journals Contribution of brown adipose tissue activity to the control of energy balance by GLP-1 receptor signalling in mice

Diabetologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 2124-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy M. Heppner ◽  
Sarah Marks ◽  
Jenna Holland ◽  
Nickki Ottaway ◽  
David Smiley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Receptor Signalling ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity

Short Dietary Intervention with Olive Oil Increases Brown Adipose Tissue Activity in Lean But Not Overweight/Obese Subjects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Monfort-Pires ◽  
Muuez U-Din ◽  
Guilherme A. Nogueira ◽  
Juliana de Almeida-Faria ◽  
Davi Sidarta-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity

Reduced brown adipose tissue activity during cold exposure is a metabolic feature of the human thrifty phenotype

Metabolism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 154709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Hollstein ◽  
Karyne Vinales ◽  
Kong Y. Chen ◽  
Aaron M. Cypess ◽  
Alessio Basolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Thrifty Phenotype ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Metabolic Feature ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity
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