Transglutaminase activity during greening and growth ofHelianthus tuberosus explants in vitro

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 174 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Del Duca ◽  
Maria Augusta Favali ◽  
Donatella Serafini-Fracassini ◽  
R. Pedrazzini
Keyword(s):  
Transglutaminase Activity

α1B-Adrenoceptor signaling molecule expression in Alzheimer’s disease brain tissue / Alzeimer hastalığı olan beyin dokusunda α1B-Adrenoseptör Sinyal Molekülü Ekspresyonu

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hee Kim ◽  
Sang Cheol Lee ◽  
Jae Yong Lim ◽  
Dong Seok Kim ◽  
Hye Young Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase C ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Transglutaminase Activity

AbstractObjective: Gαh (tissue transglutaminase; TGII), known as the αMethods: We examined not only the cross-linking ability of TGII for tau, but also the expression level of tau as well as αResults: When the tau protein was assayed as a transglutaminase substrate of TGII, tau proteins formed cross-linked products. However, phospholipase C-δ1 inhibited transglutaminase activity in TGII to cross-link with tau in vitro. The amount of expressed mRNA in AD brain tissue was elevated 2~10 fold for tau and 3~20 fold for TGII. Consistent with these observations, the densities of expressed proteins in AD brain tissue also increased 9 fold for tau and 15 fold for TGII. Moreover, phospholipase C-δ1, which is a negative regulator for transglutaminase activity of TGII, also increased 2~25 fold for mRNA as well as 8 fold for protein in AD brain tissue. In contrast, expressed mRNA and protein activity for αConclusion: These results suggest that the α

scholarly journals Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies from coeliac patients inhibit transglutaminase activity both in vitro and in situ

Gut ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Esposito ◽  
F Paparo ◽  
I Caputo ◽  
M Rossi ◽  
M Maglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Transglutaminase Activity ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies

Identification of a specific one amino acid change in recombinant human transglutaminase 2 that regulates its activity and calcium sensitivity

2013 ◽  
Vol 455 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kajal Kanchan ◽  
Elvan Ergülen ◽  
Robert Király ◽  
Zsófia Simon-Vecsei ◽  
Mónika Fuxreiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Amino Acid Change ◽  
Transglutaminase 2 ◽  
Calcium Sensitivity ◽  
Transglutaminase Activity ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
Binding Loop

Val224 in human TG2 is important in determining its transglutaminase activity in vitro and is capable of activating the protein inside cells by modulating the flexibility and hence the affinity of its calcium-binding loop and overall stability of the protein.

scholarly journals Transglutaminase 3 crosslinks the secreted gel-forming mucus component Mucin-2 and stabilizes the colonic mucus layer

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack D. A. Sharpen ◽  
Brendan Dolan ◽  
Elisabeth E. L. Nyström ◽  
George M. H. Birchenough ◽  
Liisa Arike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Layered System ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Transglutaminase Activity ◽  
Commensal Flora ◽  
Mucin 2 ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe colonic mucus layer is organized as a two-layered system providing a physical barrier against pathogens and simultaneously harboring the commensal flora. The factors contributing to the organization of this gel network are not well understood. In this study, the impact of transglutaminase activity on this architecture was analyzed. Here, we show that transglutaminase TGM3 is the major transglutaminase-isoform expressed and synthesized in the colon. Furthermore, intrinsic extracellular transglutaminase activity in the secreted mucus was demonstrated in vitro and ex vivo. Absence of this acyl-transferase activity resulted in faster degradation of the major mucus component the MUC2 mucin and changed the biochemical properties of mucus. Finally, TGM3-deficient mice showed an early increased susceptibility to Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced colitis. Here, we report that natural isopeptide cross-linking by TGM3 is important for mucus homeostasis and protection of the colon from inflammation, reducing the risk of colitis.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

In Vitro Induction of Crystals of MT Protein by Vinblastine-Colcemid in Mouse Spermatids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John J. Wolosewick ◽  
John H. D. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nuclear Ring ◽  
Rough Er ◽  
Distal Direction ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Early in spermiogenesis the manchette is rapidly assembled in a distal direction from the nuclear-ring-densities. The association of vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the manchette microtubules (MTS) has been reported. In the mouse, osmophilic densities at the distal ends of the manchette are the organizing centers (MTOCS), and are associated with the SER. Rapid MT assembly and the lack of rough ER suggests that there is an existing pool of MT protein. Colcemid potentiates the reaction of vinblastine with tubulin and was used in this investigation to detect this protein.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

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