Melanin complex of the fungusInonotus obliquus

Two benzofuran derivatives, chlorpromazine and amiodarone, are known to produce inclusion bodies in human tissues. Prolonged high dose chlorpromazine therapy causes hyperpigmentation of the skin with electron-dense inclusion bodies present in dermal histiocytes and endothelial cells ultrastructurally. The nature of the deposits is not known although a drug-melanin complex has been hypothesized. Amiodarone may also cause cutaneous hyperpigmentation and lamellar lysosomal inclusion bodies have been demonstrated within the cells of multiple organ systems. These lamellar bodies are believed to be the product of an amiodarone-induced phospholipid storage disorder. We performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDXA) on tissue samples from patients treated with these drugs, attempting to detect the sulfur atom of chlorpromazine and the iodine atom of amiodarone within their respective inclusion bodies.A skin biopsy from a patient with hyperpigmentation due to prolonged chlorpromazine therapy was fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde and processed without osmium tetroxide or en bloc uranyl acetate for Epon embedding.

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Melanin Complex from Medicinal Mushroom Inonotus obliquus (Pers.: Fr.) Pilat (Chaga) (Aphyllophoromycetideae)

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms ◽

10.1615/intjmedmushr.v4.i2.70 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadezda Yu. Mitropolskaya ◽

Nina A. Bisko ◽

Natalia V. Ikonnikova

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Mushroom ◽

Inonotus Obliquus ◽

Melanin Complex

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The content of decenoic acids in drone brood preparations and combined preparations based on it

Biomics ◽

10.31301/2221-6197.bmcs.2020-29 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 389-393

Author(s):

D.V. Mitrofanov ◽

N.V. Budnikova

Keyword(s):

Royal Jelly ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Strict Adherence ◽

Drone Brood ◽

Wide Range ◽

Active Substances ◽

Melanin Complex

The drone brood contains a large number of substances with antioxidant activity. These substances require stabilization and strict adherence to storage conditions. Among these substances are unique decenoic acids, the content of which is an indicator of the quality of drone brood and products based on it. The ability of drone brood to reduce the manifestations of oxidative stress is shown. There are dietary supplements for food and drugs based on drone brood, which are used for a wide range of diseases. Together with drone brood, chitosan-containing products, propolis, royal jelly can be used. They enrich the composition with their own biologically active substances and affect the preservation of the biologically active substances of the drone brood. Promising are the products containing, in addition to the drone brood, a chitin-chitosan-melanin complex from bees, propolis, royal jelly. The chitin-chitosan-melanin complex in the amount of 5% in the composition of the adsorbent practically does not affect the preservation of decenic acids, while in the amount of 2% and 10% it somewhat worsens. The acid-soluble and water-soluble chitosan of marine crustaceans significantly worsens the preservation of decenoic acids in the product. Drone brood with royal jelly demonstrates a rather high content of decenoic acids. When propolis is introduced into the composition of the product, the content of decenoic acids increases according to the content of propolis.

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