The effect of feeding large amounts of emulsifiers polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (tween 60) and sorbitan monostearate (span 60) to humans

1954 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheldon S. Waldstein ◽  
Harold M. Schoolman ◽  
Hans Popper
Author(s):  
Дарья Алексеевна Портнова ◽  
Виолетта Андреевна Веролайнен ◽  
Светлана Анатольевна Темникова

Методом определения температуры инверсии фаз (ТИФ) получены и исследованы обратные эмульсии оливкового масла в воде с применением в качестве стабилизаторов неионогенных поверхностноактивных веществ синтанола OC-20, сорбитана моностеарата Span 60 и их смесей. Reverse emulsions of olive oil in water with the use of non-ionic surfactants syntanol OC-20, sorbitan monostearate Span 60 and their mixtures as stabilizers were obtained and studied by the method of determining the temperature of phase inversion (TIF).


Author(s):  
Maryam Mansouri ◽  
Nazanin Khayam ◽  
Elham Jamshidifar ◽  
Tara Pourseif ◽  
Sepideh Kianian ◽  
...  

One of the antibiotics used to treat infections is streptomycin sulfate that inhibits both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Nanoparticles are suitable carriers for the direct delivery and release of drug agents to infected locations. Niosomes are one of the new drug delivery systems that have received much attention today due to their excellent biofilm penetration property and controlled release. In this study, niosomes containing streptomycin sulfate were prepared by using the thin layer hydration method and optimized based on the size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency (EE%) characteristics. It was found that the Span 60-to-Tween 60 ratio of 1.5 and the surfactant-to-cholesterol ratio of 1.02 led to an optimum formulation with a minimum of size, low PDI, and maximum of EE of 97.8 nm, 0.27, and 86.7%, respectively. The drug release investigation showed that 50.0 ± 1.2% of streptomycin sulfate was released from the niosome in 24 h and reached 66.4 ± 1.3% by the end of 72 h. Two-month stability studies at 25° and 4°C showed more acceptable stability of samples kept at 4°C. Consequently, antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of streptomycin sulfate–loaded niosomes against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found significantly higher than those of free drug, and the minimum inhibitory concentration values decreased 4- to 8-fold. Furthermore, niosome-encapsulated streptomycin up to 1,500 μg/ml exhibited negligible cytotoxicity against the human foreskin fibroblasts cell line, whereas the free drug exhibited slight cytotoxicity at this concentration. Desired physical characteristics and low toxicity of niosomal nano-carriers containing streptomycin sulfate made them a demanded candidate for the treatment of current bacterial infections and biofilms.


1997 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Gianasi ◽  
Fausto Cociancich ◽  
Ijeoma F. Uchegbu ◽  
Alexander T. Florence ◽  
Ruth Duncan

Media Farmasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Arisanty Arisanty ◽  
Santi Sinala ◽  
Muli Sukmawaty ◽  
Andi Masna

Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) is a plant widely grown and scientifically proven to be an antioxidant. This study makes a lotion formula containing dried Gotu kola herb with varying concentrations of emulgator span 60 and tween 60. It determines the concentration of span 60 and tween 60, producing lotions with the most stable physical quality and accelerated storage methods. The lotion was prepared using a concentration of Centellaasiatica (L.) Herbaceous Dry Herb extract of 1% and an Emulgator span 60 and tween 60 in a concentration variation of 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The stability of the lotion was determined based on quality observations. The physical condition before and after the storage is accelerated for six cycles at a temperature of 5oC and 35oC in organoleptic, homogeneous, pH, viscosity, diffusion power, and emulsion type. The research results show the physical quality stability of formula I (5% emulgator) did not meet the requirements of the dispersion test before storage was accelerated. In contrast, the formula with a 7.5% emulgator met the physical quality requirements of the preparation before and after storage was accelerated. Additionally, the 10% emulgator did not meet the requirements of the dispersion test after accelerated storage. The type of emulsion in all three formulas is the M / A type. The most stable physical quality of the three preparations is a formula with a 7.5% emulgator.Keywords: Lotion, Gotu kola (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb), physical quality, span, and tween.Pegagan (Centella asiatica(L.)Urb) merupakan tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia dan telah terbukti secara ilmiah memiliki kemampuan sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk membuat formula lotion yang  mengandung sari kering herba pegagan (Centella asiatica(L.) Urban) dengan variasi konsentrasi emulgator span 60 dan tween 60, dan untuk mengetahui konsetrasi span 60 dan tween 60 yang menghasilkan lotion dengan mutu fisik yang paling stabil dengan metode penyimpanan dipercepat. Sediaan dibuat lotion dengan konsentrasi sari Kering Herba  Pegagan (Centellaasiatica(L.) Urban ) sebesar 1% dan Emulgator span 60 serta tween 60 dengan variasi konsentrasi 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% kemudian stabilitas sedian lotion ditentukan berdasarkan pengamatan mutu fisik sebelum dans sesudah penyimpanan dipercepat selama 6 siklus pada suhu 5oCdan 35oC yang meliputi organeleptis, homogentias, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, dan tipe emulsi. Hasil penelitian pada pengujian kestabilan mutu fisik formula I (emulgator 5%) tidak memenuhi syarat pada uji daya sebar sebelum penyimpanan dipercepat, sedangkan Formula dengan emulgator 7,5% memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik sediaan sebelum maupun sesudah penyimpanan dipercepat, dan formula dengan emulgator 10% tidak memenuhi syarat pada uji daya sebar setelah penyimpanan dipercepat, untuk tipe emulsi pada ketiga formula tersebut merupakan tipe emulsiM/A. Mutu fisik yang paling stabil dari ketiga sediaan tersebut adalah formula dengan emulgator 7,5%.Kata kunci : Lotion,  herba pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb), mutu fisik, span dan tween.


2021 ◽  
pp. 121977
Author(s):  
Nikorn Shinsuphan ◽  
Sriprajak Krongsuk ◽  
Supawadee Namuangruk

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jankie Satish ◽  
Johnson Jenelle ◽  
Pinto-Pereira Lexley ◽  
Adebayo Amusa ◽  
Pillai Gopalakrishna

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