Effects of changes in obesity and exercise on the development of diabetes and return to normal fasting plasma glucose levels at one-year follow-up in middle-aged subjects with impaired fasting glucose

ObjectiveTelmisartan improves glucose and lipid metabolism in rodents. This study evaluated the effect of telmisartan on insulin sensitivity, substrate utilization, selected plasma adipokines and their expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in metabolic syndrome.Design and methodsTwelve patients with impaired fasting glucose completed the double-blind, randomized, crossover trial. Patients received telmisartan (160 mg/day) or placebo for 3 weeks and vice versa with a 2-week washout period. At the end of each period, a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HEC) combined with indirect calorimetry was performed. During HEC (0, 30, and 120 min), plasma levels of adipokines were measured and a needle biopsy (0 and 30 min) of SAT was performed.ResultsFasting plasma glucose was lower after telmisartan compared with placebo (P<0.05). There were no differences in insulin sensitivity and substrate utilization. We found no differences in basal plasma adiponectin, resistin and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), but an increase was found in basal leptin, after telmisartan treatment. Insulin-stimulated plasma adiponectin (P<0.05), leptin and resistin (P<0.001) were increased, whereas TNFα was decreased (P<0.05) after telmisartan treatment. Expression of resistin, but not adiponectin, TNFα and leptin was increased after telmisartan treatment.ConclusionsDespite the decrease in fasting plasma glucose, telmisartan does not improve insulin sensitivity and substrate utilization. Telmisartan increases plasma leptin as well as insulin-stimulated plasma adiponectin, leptin and resistin, and decreases plasma TNFα during HEC. Changes in plasma adipokines cannot be explained by their expressions in SAT. The changes in plasma adipokines might be involved in the metabolic effects of telmisartan in metabolic syndrome.

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The effect of rectal administration of insulin on the short-term treatment of alloxan-diabetic dogs

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y81-001 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Yoshimitsu Yamasaki ◽

Motoaki Shichiri ◽

Ryuzo Kawamori ◽

Toyohiko Morishima ◽

Nobuyoshi Hakui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Subcutaneous Injection ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Rectal Administration ◽

Subcutaneous Insulin ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Urinary Glucose ◽

Diabetic Dogs

Six alloxan-diabetic dogs with fasting plasma glucose levels above 200 mg/100 mL were treated with rectal administration of insulin suppositories twice a day for 6–9 days. The effectiveness was compared with that of subcutaneous insulin injections. In three diabetic dogs with fasting plasma glucose levels below 300 mg/100 mL, both insulin suppository at a dose of 20 U (2.3 U/kg) and subcutaneous insulin at a dose of 0.2 U/kg showed a similar effect in reducing fasting glucose levels and daily urinary glucose amounts. In dogs with higher fasting glucose levels, 0.5 U of subcutaneous insulin/kg is less effective in reducing fasting glucose than 50 U (5.2 U/kg) suppositories, in spite of the same effects on daily urinary glucose output. Postprandial glucose responses were significantly lessened with rectal administration of insulin suppositories. The integrated area of increase in peripheral insulin concentration after subcutaneous injection of 0.2 or 0.5 U insulin/kg was significantly greater than that after rectal administration of an insulin suppository (2.3 or 5.2 U/kg, respectively). These results indicate that diabetes could be controlled by the daily rectal administration of an insulin suppository instead of the conventional subcutaneous injection.

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Inhibition of Renal Sodium–Glucose Cotransport With Empagliflozin Lowers Fasting Plasma Glucose and Improves β-Cell Function in Subjects With Impaired Fasting Glucose

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db17-0055 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 66 (9) ◽

pp. 2495-2502 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Muhammad Abdul-Ghani ◽

Hussein Al Jobori ◽

Giuseppe Daniele ◽

John Adams ◽

Eugenio Cersosimo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Cell Function ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Β Cell ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Β Cell Function ◽

Sodium Glucose Cotransport

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Association of aortic pressures with fasting plasma glucose in patients with and without impaired fasting glucose

Blood Pressure ◽

10.1080/08037050802218417 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 164-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Serkan Cay ◽

Sezgin Ozturk ◽

Senay Funda Biyikoglu ◽

Ramazan Atak ◽

Yucel Balbay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma

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Blood glucose levels in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes during COVID-19 outbreak: a retrospective study in a single center

10.1101/2020.03.31.20048579 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ting Xue ◽

Qianwen Li ◽

Qiongyao Zhang ◽

Wei Lin ◽

Junping Wen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Public Health Emergencies ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Fasting Plasma

AbstractAimsIdeal glycemic control is of great importance for diabetic patients during public health emergencies of infectious diseases as long-term hyperglycemic are not only associated with chronic complications but also vital drivers of common and life-threatening infections. The present study was designed to investigate the changes of blood glucose levels in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes(T2D) during COVID-19 outbreak.MethodsThis retrospective study focused on the T2D outpatients at Fujian Provincial Hospital aged 65 years old and above who received baseline test for fasting plasma glucose and/or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between January 1, 2019 and March 8, 2019 and were followed up on fasting plasma glucose and/or HbA1c in the same period in 2020. The baseline and follow-up data were analyzed with the paired-samples T-test.ResultsA total of 135 elderly subjects with T2D with baseline and follow-up fasting plasma glucose and 50 elderly subjects with T2D with baseline and follow-up HbA1c were analyzed, respectively. The baseline and follow-up fasting plasma glucose were 7.08 ± 1.80 and 7.48±2.14 mmol/L, respectively (P=0.008). The baseline and follow-up HbA1c were 7.2±1.7% and 7.4±1.8%, respectively (P=0.158).ConclusionsElderly subjects with T2D had higher fasting plasma glucose levels during COVID-19 outbreak. We should pay more attension to the management of diabetics during public health emergencies.

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