scholarly journals Unpolarized transverse momentum dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions at next-to-next-to-leading order

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel G. Echevarria ◽  
Ignazio Scimemi ◽  
Alexey Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Parton Distribution ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Fragmentation Functions

BESSEL-WEIGHTED ASYMMETRIES AND TRANSVERSE SPIN EFFECTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
LEONARD GAMBERG
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Parton Distribution ◽  
Evolution Equations ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Transverse Spin ◽  
High Transverse Momentum ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Fragmentation Functions ◽  
The Cross

We consider the cross section for semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering in Fourier space, conjugate to the outgoing hadron's transverse momentum, where convolutions of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions become simple products. Individual asymmetric terms in the cross section can be projected out by means of a generalized set of weights involving Bessel functions. Advantages of employing these Bessel weights are that they suppress (divergent) contributions from high transverse momentum and that soft factors cancel in (Bessel-) weighted asymmetries. Also, the resulting compact expressions immediately connect to previous work on evolution equations for transverse momentum dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions and to quantities accessible in lattice QCD. Bessel-weighted asymmetries are thus model independent observables that augment the description and our understanding of correlations of spin and momentum in nucleon structure.

scholarly journals General helicity formalism for two-hadron production in e+e− annihilation within a TMD approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto D’Alesio ◽  
Francesco Murgia ◽  
Marco Zaccheddu
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Hadron Production ◽  
Probabilistic Interpretation ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Factorization Scheme ◽  
Helicity Formalism ◽  
Double Polarization ◽  
Fragmentation Functions ◽  
Polarization Observables

Abstract We present the complete leading-order results for the azimuthal dependences and polarization observables in e+e−→ h1h2 + X processes, where the two hadrons are produced almost back-to-back, within a transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization scheme. We consider spinless (or unpolarized) and spin-1/2 hadron production and give the full set of the corresponding quark and gluon TMD fragmentation functions (TMD-FFs). By adopting the helicity formalism, which allows for a more direct probabilistic interpretation, single- and double-polarization cases are discussed in detail. Simplified expressions, useful for phenomenological analyses, are obtained by assuming a factorized Gaussian-like dependence on intrinsic transverse momenta for the TMD-FFs.

Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions generated in the modified DGLAP formalism based on the valence-like distributions

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (19n20) ◽  
pp. 1750121 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hosseinkhani ◽  
M. Modarres ◽  
N. Olanj
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Parton Distribution ◽  
Dynamical Variable ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Present Calculation ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Parton Distribution Functions ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Longitudinal Structure Function ◽  
Wide Range

Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions, also referred to as unintegrated parton distribution functions (UPDFs), are produced via the Kimber–Martin–Ryskin (KMR) prescription. The GJR08 set of parton distribution functions (PDFs) which are based on the valence-like distributions is used, at the leading order (LO) and the next-to-leading order (NLO) approximations, as inputs of the KMR formalism. The general and the relative behaviors of the generated TMD PDFs at LO and NLO and their ratios in a wide range of the transverse momentum values, i.e. [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are investigated. It is shown that the properties of the parent valence-like PDFs are imprinted on the daughter TMD PDFs. Imposing the angular ordering constraint (AOC) leads to the dynamical variable limits on the integrals which in turn increase the contributions from the lower scales at lower [Formula: see text]. The results are compared with our previous studies based on the MSTW2008 input PDFs and it is shown that the present calculation gives flatter TMD PDFs. Finally, a comparison of longitudinal structure function [Formula: see text] is made by using the produced TMD PDFs and those that were generated through the MSTW2008-LO PDF from our previous work and the corresponding data from H1 and ZEUS collaborations and a reasonable agreement is found.

scholarly journals Transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution/fragmentation functions at an electron-ion collider

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Anselmino ◽  
H. Avakian ◽  
D. Boer ◽  
F. Bradamante ◽  
M. Burkardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Parton Distribution ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Fragmentation Functions

TMD FACTORIZATION AND EVOLUTION FOR TMD CORRELATION FUNCTIONS

2011 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MERT AYBAT ◽  
TED C. ROGERS
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Correlation Functions ◽  
Parton Distribution ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Parton Distribution Functions ◽  
Hard Part ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Unpolarized Case ◽  
Fragmentation Functions

We discuss the application of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization theorems to phenomenology. Our treatment relies on recent extensions of the Collins-Soper-Sterman (CSS) formalism. Emphasis is placed on the importance of using well-defined TMD parton distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FFs) in calculating the evolution of these objects. We explain how parametrizations of unpolarized TMDs can be obtained from currently existing fixed-scale Gaussian fits and previous implementations of the CSS formalism in the Drell-Yan process, and provide some examples. We also emphasize the importance of agreed-upon definitions for having an unambiguous prescription for calculating higher orders in the hard part, and provide examples of higher order calculations. We end with a discussion of strategies for extending the phenomenological applications of TMD factorization to situations beyond the unpolarized case.

scholarly journals Three Dimensional Imaging of the Nucleon — TMD (Theory and Phenomenology)

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 1660008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo-Tang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Parton Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Nucleon Scattering ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Fragmentation Functions ◽  
The One

This is intend to provide an overview of the theory and phenomenology parts of the TMD (Transverse Momentum Dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions) studies. By comparing with the theoretical framework that we have for the inclusive deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering and the one-dimensional imaging of the nucleon, I try to outline what we need to do in order to construct a comprehensive theoretical framework for semi-inclusive reactions and the three dimensional imaging of the nucleon. After that, I try to give an overview of what we have already achieved and make an outlook for the future.

scholarly journals Factorization of e+e− → H X cross section, differential in zh, PT and thrust, in the 2-jet limit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Boglione ◽  
A. Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Belle Collaboration ◽  
Hadron Production ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Factorization Scheme ◽  
Phenomenological Studies ◽  
Cross Section Differential ◽  
Perturbative Part

Abstract Factorizing the cross section for single hadron production in e+e− annihilations is a highly non trivial task when the transverse momentum of the outgoing hadron with respect to the thrust axis is taken into account. We work in a scheme that allows to factorize the e+e−→ H X cross section as a convolution of a calculable hard coefficient and a Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) fragmentation function. The result, differential in zh, PT and thrust, will be given to all orders in perturbation theory and explicitly computed to Next to Leading Order (NLO) and Next to Leading Log (NLL) accuracy. The predictions obtained from our computation, applying the simplest and most natural ansatz to model the non-perturbative part of the TMD, are in exceptional agreement with the experimental measurements of the BELLE Collaboration. The factorization scheme we propose relates the TMD parton densities defined in 1-hadron and 2-hadron processes, restoring the possi- bility to perform global phenomenological studies of TMD physics including experimental data from semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, Drell-Yan processes, e+e−→ H1H2X and e+e−→ H X annihilations.

Color Entanglement in Hadronic Processes for Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distribution Functions

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 1560022
Author(s):  
M. G. A. Buffing ◽  
P. J. Mulders
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Parton Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Parton Distribution Functions ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Transverse Momentum Dependent ◽  
Gauge Link ◽  
Azimuthal Asymmetries ◽  
Different Parts

In the description of protons, we go beyond the ordinary collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs), by including transverse momentum dependent PDFs (TMDs). As such, we become sensitive to polarization modes of the partons and protons that one cannot probe without accounting for transverse momenta of partons, in particular when looking at azimuthal asymmetries. Hadronic processes require the inclusion of gluon contributions forming the gauge links, which are path-ordered exponentials tracing the color flow. In processes with two hadrons in the initial state, such as Drell-Yan (DY), the gauge links from different parts of the process get entangled. We show that in color disentangling this gauge link structure, one becomes sensitive to this color flow. After disentanglement, particular combinations of TMDs will require a different numerical color factor than one naively might have expected. Such color factors will even play a role for azimuthal asymmetries in the simplest hadronic processes such as DY.

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