scholarly journals Hepatitis E virus cross-contamination on the surface of porcine livers after storage in Euro meat containers in a German pig abattoir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Dzierzon ◽  
Verena Oswaldi ◽  
Roswitha Merle ◽  
Nina Langkabel ◽  
Diana Meemken
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sample Set ◽  
Production Industry

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) is a foodborne zoonotic pathogen and known as the causative agent of hepatitis E in humans. The specific role of porcine liver as a vehicle for human HEV infections has been highlighted in different studies. Nevertheless, gaps of knowledge still exist regarding possible HEV cross-contamination both at consumer and production level. Furthermore, people working in the food production industry, e.g. veterinarians and abattoir employees, are exposed to an increased risk of HEV infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate HEV cross-contamination on the surface of porcine liver in a German abattoir. The sample set included 250 samples of porcine liver parenchyma and the corresponding 250 superficial layer samples of the same livers, which were analyzed for the presence of HEV ribonucleic acid (RNA). Afterwards, the initial status of the tested liver parenchyma was compared with the occurrence of HEV RNA in the corresponding superficial layer. HEV RNA was detectable in 34% (85/250) of superficial layer samples, with 58% (49/85) of the samples originated from initially HEV negative livers. To our knowledge, this is the first study that provides an insight in the potential of HEV cross-contamination at abattoir level in Germany. Furthermore, it could be identified that the joint storage of livers in Euro meat containers has a significant impact on the presence of HEV RNA on the surface of porcine liver.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E Virus RNA Presence in Wild Boar Carcasses at Slaughterhouses in Italy

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1624
Author(s):  
Mario Forzan ◽  
Maria Irene Pacini ◽  
Marcello Periccioli ◽  
Maurizio Mazzei
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
The World ◽  
Undercooked Meat

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a waterborne and foodborne pathogen largely spread around the world. HEV is responsible for acute hepatitis in humans and it is also diffused in domestic and wild animals. In particular, domestic pigs represent the main reservoir of the infection and particular attention should be paid to the consumption of raw and undercooked meat as a possible zoonotic vehicle of the pathogen. Several studies have reported the presence of HEV in wild boar circulating in European countries with similar prevalence rates. In this study, we evaluated the occurrence of HEV in wild boar hunted in specific areas of Tuscany. Sampling was performed by collecting liver samples and also by swabbing the carcasses at the slaughterhouses following hunting activities. Our data indicated that 8/67 (12%) of liver samples and 4/67 (6%) of swabs were positive for HEV RNA. The presence of HEV genome on swabs indicates the possible cross-contamination of carcass surfaces during slaughtering procedures. Altogether, our data indicated that it is essential to promote health education programmes for hunters and consumers to limit the diffusion of the pathogen to humans.

scholarly journals First Report of Hepatitis E Virus in Shellfish in Southeast Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Gianfranco La Bella ◽  
Maria Grazia Basanisi ◽  
Gaia Nobili ◽  
Valentina Terio ◽  
Elisabetta Suffredini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Apulia Region ◽  
Causative Agents

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) represents one of the principal causative agents of hepatitis globally. Among the five HEV genotypes affecting humans, genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic and are the main source of hepatitis E in developed countries. HEV has been detected in several foods. The present work investigated the presence of this virus in shellfish sold at retail in the Apulia region of Italy. The presence of HEV RNA was assessed by real-time RT-PCR in 225 shellfish samples collected during 2018. Overall, two (0.89%) of these samples tested positive for HEV RNA. To our knowledge, this is the first notification of the detection of HEV in mussels sold at retail in the Apulia region. These data highlight the potential role of shellfish as a vehicle for the transmission of viral pathogens.

Hepatitis E virus open reading frame 3 protein interacts with porcine liver-specific plasminogen and α2-antiplasmin

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Yansheng Geng ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Chenyan Zhao ◽  
Tim J. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Reading Frame

Higher seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in autoimmune hepatitis: Role of false‐positive antibodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura‐Patricia Llovet ◽  
Jordi Gratacós‐Ginés ◽  
Oswaldo Ortiz ◽  
Sergio Rodriguez‐Tajes ◽  
Sabela Lens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E

scholarly journals Risk of Hepatitis E among Persons Who Inject Drugs in Hong Kong: A Qualitative and Quantitative Serological Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Siddharth Sridhar ◽  
Nicholas Foo-Siong Chew ◽  
Jianwen Situ ◽  
Shusheng Wu ◽  
Ernest Sing-Hong Chui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Donor Group ◽  
Persons Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Injection Use

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of hepatitis, which can be transmitted via the bloodborne route. However, risk of hepatitis E among persons who inject drugs (PWIDs) is poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate whether PWIDs are at risk for hepatitis E. We performed HEV IgM, IgG and nucleic acid detection on a cohort of 91 PWIDs and 91 age- and sex-matched organ donors. Blood HEV IgG was measured using the WHO HEV antibody standard. The effects of age, gender and addictive injection use on HEV serostatus and concentration were assessed. HEV IgG seroprevalence was 42/91 (46.2%) in the PWID group and 20/91 (22%) in the donor group (odds ratio = 3.04 (1.59–5.79), p = 0.0006). The median HEV IgG concentration was 5.8 U/mL (IQR: 2.5–7.9) in the PWID group and 2.1 U/mL (IQR: 1.2–5.3) in the donor group (p = 0.005). Increasing age and addictive injection use were significantly associated with HEV IgG serostatus, but only addictive injection use was associated with HEV IgG concentration (p = 0.024). We conclude that PWIDs are at increased risk for hepatitis E and are prone to repeated HEV exposure and reinfection as indicated by higher HEV IgG concentrations.

Role of hepatitis E virus antigen in confirming active viral replication in patients with acute viral hepatitis E infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta Gupta ◽  
Priyanka Pandey ◽  
Shivani Pandey ◽  
Manoj Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shiv Kumar Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Active Viral Replication

The role of hepatitis E virus in acute sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis

Infection ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Köksal ◽  
K. Aydin ◽  
B. Kardes ◽  
H. Turgut ◽  
F. Murt
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E

The Role of Hepatitis E Virus Infection among Patients with Acute Viral Hepatitis in Southern Saudi Arabia

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandar Al-Knawy ◽  
Awad A. El-Mekki ◽  
Patrice O. Yarbough
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E

scholarly journals Role of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Frias ◽  
Pedro López-López ◽  
Antonio Rivero ◽  
Antonio Rivero-Juarez
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure ◽  
Hepatic Decompensation ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Impact

Chronic liver disease (CLD) with a variety of causes is currently reported to be one of the main causes of death worldwide. Patients with CLD experience deteriorating liver function and fibrosis, progressing to cirrhosis, chronic hepatic decompensation (CHD), end-stage liver disease (ESLD), and death. Patients may develop acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), typically related to a precipitating event and associated with increased mortality. The objective of this review was to analyze the role of acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in patients with CLD, focusing on the impact of this infection on patient survival and prognosis in several world regions.

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