Role of the ubiquitin–proteasome system in nervous system function and disease: using C. elegans as a dissecting tool

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (16) ◽  
pp. 2691-2715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio S. Baptista ◽  
Carlos B. Duarte ◽  
Patrícia Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome System ◽  
System Function ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Nervous System Function

scholarly journals An option space for early neural evolution

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1684) ◽  
pp. 20150181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gáspár Jékely ◽  
Fred Keijzer ◽  
Peter Godfrey-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
System Function ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Neural Evolution ◽  
The Many ◽  
Control Behaviour ◽  
Comprehensive Discussion

The origin of nervous systems has traditionally been discussed within two conceptual frameworks. Input–output models stress the sensory-motor aspects of nervous systems, while internal coordination models emphasize the role of nervous systems in coordinating multicellular activity, especially muscle-based motility. Here we consider both frameworks and apply them to describe aspects of each of three main groups of phenomena that nervous systems control: behaviour, physiology and development. We argue that both frameworks and all three aspects of nervous system function need to be considered for a comprehensive discussion of nervous system origins. This broad mapping of the option space enables an overview of the many influences and constraints that may have played a role in the evolution of the first nervous systems.

Role of HuD in nervous system function and pathology

10.2741/s389 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol S5 (2) ◽  
pp. 554-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Perrone-Bizzozero
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function

Adrenoceptor Function and Ageing

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kelly ◽  
Kevin O'malley
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Introduction: The possible effect of ageing on adrenergic mechanisms has been one of the most studied of the pharmacodynamic processes affecting responsiveness to drugs in old age. Drugs may exert their primary effect by acting on the sympathetic nervous system or unwanted drug effects may be the result of perturbation of normal sympathetic nervous system function. Because of the important role of the sympathetic nervous system in drug action, it is not surprising that those interested in ageing and drug response should examine various aspects of this system.

scholarly journals An Option Space for Early Neural Evolution

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaspar Jekely ◽  
Fred Keijzer ◽  
Peter Godfrey Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
System Function ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Control Behavior ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Neural Evolution ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comprehensive Discussion

The origin of nervous systems has traditionally been discussed within two conceptual frameworks. Input-output models stress the sensory-motor aspects of nervous systems, while internal coordination models emphasize the role of nervous systems in coordinating multicellular activity, especially muscle-based motility. Here we consider both frameworks and apply them to describe aspects of each of three main groups of phenomena that nervous systems control: behavior, physiology and development. We argue that both frameworks and all three aspects of nervous system function need to be considered for a comprehensive discussion of nervous system origins. This broad mapping of the option space enables an overview of the many influences and constraints that may have played a role in the evolution of the first nervous systems.

The role of autonomic nervous system function in hypothermia-mediated sepsis protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Te Chang ◽  
Shue-Ren Wann ◽  
Jung-Shun Tsai ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Kao ◽  
Po-Tsang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
System Function ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Function ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Nervous System Function

scholarly journals Systematic Functional Characterization of Human 21st Chromosome Orthologs in Caenorhabditis elegans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Nordquist ◽  
Sofia R. Smith ◽  
Jonathan T. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
System Function ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Encoding Protein

ABSTRACTIndividuals with Down syndrome have neurological and muscle impairments due to an additional copy of the human 21st chromosome (HSA21). Only a few of ~200 HSA21 genes encoding protein have been linked to specific Down syndrome phenotypes, while the remainder are understudied. To identify poorly characterized HSA21 genes required for nervous system function, we studied behavioral phenotypes caused by loss-of-function mutations in conserved HSA21 orthologs in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We identified ten HSA21 orthologs that are required for neuromuscular behaviors: cle-1 (COL18A1), cysl-2 (CBS), dnsn-1 (DONSON), eva-1 (EVA1C), mtq-2 (N6ATM1), ncam-1 (NCAM2), pad-2 (POFUT2), pdxk-1 (PDXK), rnt-1 (RUNX1), and unc-26 (SYNJ1). We also found that three of these genes are required for normal release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This includes a known synaptic gene unc-26 (SYNJ1), as well as uncharacterized genes pdxk-1 (PDXK) and mtq-2 (N6ATM1). As the first systematic functional analysis of HSA21 orthologs, this study may serve as a platform to understand genes that underlie phenotypes associated with Down syndrome.ARTICLE SUMMARYDown syndrome causes neurological and muscle dysfunction due to an extra 21st chromosome. This chromosome has over 200 genes, most of which are understudied. To address this, we studied whether reducing function of these gene equivalents in the worm C. elegans caused neuronal or muscle defects. We identified ten genes conserved between human and worm that mediate function of behaviors. Among these, we show the uncharacterized genes mtq-2 and pdxk-1 are important for synaptic transmission and are exclusively expressed in nervous system. Our analysis may reveal functions of poorly studied genes that affect nervous system function in Down syndrome.

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