Acromyrmex fowleri: a new inquiline social parasite species of leaf-cutting ants from South America, with a discussion of social parasite biogeography in the Neotropical region

Abstract Accurate distributional information is crucial for studies on systematics, biodiversity and conservation. To improve the knowledge regarding the geographical distribution of Omalonyx in South America, we present updated information based on data from a literature review, institutional collections and malacological surveys. All this information composed the dataset used to predict species distribution employing the Maximum Entropy Algorithm (MaxEnt). The model was run using data on species distribution, altitude and bioclimatic variables (WorldClim database). The model had consistent performance, and areas presenting similar conditions to areas where the species were recorded were considered areas of occurrence. The predicted occurrence areas included those that were already surveyed and those that are considered potential occurrence areas. The results demonstrate that the genus has widespread distribution in the Neotropical region and occurs in the tropical, temperate and arid regions of South America and Lesser Antilles. Omalonyx spp. were recorded in all South American countries and hydrographic regions. However, in some countries, there were only isolated records (ex: Colombia and Ecuador). Here, we also present the first record of Omalonyx spp. in four Brazilian States (Acre, Rondônia, Piaui, and Amapá). The genus was found in all hydrographic regions within Brazil and among 27 federative unities; it was absent from only two unities (Roraima State and Distrito Federal). This work contributes to the knowledge on Omalonyx spp. distribution and provides an important basis for the work of ecologists and taxonomists.

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New records of Ganoderma multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from Colombia and its geographic distribution in South America

Check List ◽

10.15560/12.4.1948 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1948 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Bolaños ◽

Vera Lúcia Ramos Bononi ◽

Adriana De Mello Gugliotta

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

New Records ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

First Time

Ganoderma is a cosmopolitan genus of fungi with species distributed in temperate and tropical regions. Species of Ganoderma in living Leguminosae were observed in Park de la Salud in Pance, Cali, Colombia and we record G. multiplicatum for the first time from Colombia. A distribution map of this genus in the Neotropical region is presented.

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Does effective population size affect rates of molecular evolution: mitochondrial data for host/parasite species pairs in bees suggests not

10.22541/au.162609394.43526605/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nahid Shokri Bousjein ◽

Simon Tierney ◽

Michael Gardner ◽

Michael Schwarz

Keyword(s):

Molecular Evolution ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Mitochondrial Protein ◽

Neutral Theory ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Social Parasite ◽

Effective Population ◽

Rates Of Molecular Evolution

Adaptive evolutionary theory argues that organisms with larger effective population size (Ne) should have higher rates of adaptive evolution and therefore greater capacity to win evolutionary arm races. However, in some certain cases species with much smaller Ne may be able to survive beside their opponents for an extensive evolutionary time. Neutral theory predicts that accelerated rates of molecular evolution in organisms with exceedingly small Ne is due to the effects of genetic drift and fixation of slightly deleterious mutations. We test this prediction in two obligate social parasite species and their respective host species from the bee tribe Allodapini. The parasites (genus Inquilina) have been locked into a tight coevolutionary arm races with their exclusive hosts (genus Exoneura) for ~15 million years, even though Inquilina exhibit Ne that are an order of magnitude smaller than their host. In this study, we compared rates of molecular evolution between host and parasite using nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rate ratios (dN/dS) of eleven mitochondrial protein coding genes sequenced from transcriptomes. Tests of selection on mitochondrial genes indicated no significant differences between host and parasite dN/dS, with evidence for purifying selection acting on all mitochondrial genes of host and parasite species. Several potential factors which could weaken the inverse relationship between Ne and rate of molecular evolution are discussed.

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New records of Haemagogus (Haemagogus) from Northern and Northeastern Brazil (Diptera: Culicidae, Aedini)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1779.1.6 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1779 (1) ◽

pp. 65 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

JERÔNIMO ALENCAR ◽

FRANCISCO C. CASTRO ◽

HAMILTON A. O. MONTEIRO ◽

ORLANDO V. SILVA ◽

NICOLAS DÉGALLIER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Central America ◽

New Records ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

America South

Haemagogus (Haemagogus) is restricted mostly to the Neotropical Region, including Central America, South America and islands (Arnell, 1973). Of the 24 recognized species of this subgenus, 15 occur in South America, including the Antilles. However, the centre of distribution of the genus Haemagogus is Central America, where 19 of the 28 species (including four species of the subgenus Conopostegus Zavortink [1972]) occur (Arnell, 1973).

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Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of namorado sandperches, Pseudopercis numida Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 and P. semifasciata Cuvier, 1829 (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae), from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842008000200007 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 269-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

JL. Luque ◽

NN. Felizardo ◽

LER. Tavares

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Component Community ◽

New Host ◽

Metazoan Parasites ◽

Parasite Abundance ◽

Parasite Species Richness ◽

Total Length

One hundred and twenty-eight specimens of namorado sandperches, 62 P. numida and 66 P. semifasciata, collected between October 2002 and June 2003 off the Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Lat 23° S and Long 42° W), were examined to study their metazoan parasites. Parasite communities of these fish were composed basically of endoparasites, mainly digenean and cestodes species, with low prevalence and abundance but having high parasite species richness values (at the component community level). Among these values, that found for P. numida is the highest so far recorded for marine fishes from the Neotropical Region. Thirty-nine species of metazoan parasites were collected: 36 from P. numida and 28 from P. semifasciata. Twenty-five parasite species were common to both species of namorado sandperches. Pseudopercis numida and P. semifasciata are new host records for all parasite species collected, with the exception of Microcotyle pseudopercis. Choanodera sp., Leurodera decora, Neolebouria georgenascimentoi, and Proctoeces sp. which were recorded for the first time in the South American Atlantic Ocean. Gnathia sp. from P. numida and Scolex pleuronectis from P. semifasciata were the species having the greatest dominance frequency. Parasite abundance in P. numida and P. semifasciata were positively correlated with the host total length. Only in P. numida was parasite species richness correlated positively with the host total length. No significant differences between endoparasite infracommunities of P. numida and P. semifasciata were detected. The ectoparasites of P. numida had higher values for parasite abundance, parasite richness, Brillouin index, evenness index, and Berger-Parker index than those of the ectoparasites of P. semifasciata. Comparisons among all ecto- and endoparasites showed the ectoparasites of P. numida as the most heterogeneous group. Low similarity values were observed among the three types of parasite infracommunities of the two hosts.

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Chromosomal Diversity of Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) Along the Magdalena River (Colombia—Northern South America) and Its Significance for the Neotropical Region

Zebrafish ◽

10.1089/zeb.2019.1827 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 211-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicole Ibagón ◽

Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo ◽

Marcelo de Bello Cioffi ◽

Jorge A. Dergam

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Hoplias Malabaricus ◽

Northern South America ◽

Magdalena River

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A new species of Rheotanytarsus Thienemann & Bause (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Peruvian Andes, with updated key to South American species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4722 (2) ◽

pp. 195-200

Author(s):

GALILEU P. S. DANTAS ◽

ANA A. HUAMANTINCO ARAUJO ◽

NEUSA HAMADA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South America ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Nominal Species ◽

South American ◽

Congeneric Species ◽

Distribution Map ◽

South American Species ◽

Peruvian Andes ◽

A New Species

Rheotanytarsus is a speciose genus, currently composed by more than 100 nominal species distributed worldwide, 19 are known from the Neotropical region, four from South America and only one is registered for Peru. In the present study, a new species is described and illustrated based on males collected in the Peruvian Andes. In addition, the key to the South American species is updated and a distribution map of them is provided. Rheotanytarsus amaru sp. n. is easily distinguished from the congeneric species by the dark general coloration and the hypopygial morphology.

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Checklist of the parasites of the black-necked swan, Cygnus melanocoryphus (Aves: Anatidae), with new records from Chile

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2637.1.3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2637 (1) ◽

pp. 55 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

DANIEL GONZÁLEZ-ACUÑA ◽

LUCILA MORENO ◽

ARMANDO CICCHINO ◽

SERGEY MIRONOV ◽

MIKE KINSELLA

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Parasite Species ◽

New Records ◽

Southern Cone ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

New Host ◽

Echinostoma Trivolvis ◽

New Host Records

Black-necked swans (Cygnus melanocoryphus) are endemic to the southern cone of South America. Their range extends from Brazil and Paraguay south to Argentina and Chile. A total of 16 parasite species were collected from 7 swans from the Biobio region, Chile, of which 12 are new records for Chile and 11 represent new host records, Echinostoma trivolvis, Paranomostomum sp., Microsomacanthus sp., Nadejdolepis sp., Retinometra sp., Avioserpens sp., Capillaria skrjabini, Ingrassia cygni, Anatoecus penicillatus, A. icterodes and A. keymeri. A checklist is presented that summarizes sites of infections, localities, life cycles and their intermediate hosts (if known), and the pertinent references to demonstrate the wide diversity of parasites of black-necked swans. Our review of the existing literature (23 publications) along with our own records provided information on a total of 18 families and 27 genera, including 33 described species (some only identified to genus), of which 11 were recorded only in Chile (8 endoparasites and 3 ectoparasites), and 6 only in Argentina (4 endoparasites and 2 ectoparasites). Five parasites are known only from captive swans in European zoos. Parasites recorded from C. melanocoryphus include 23 helminths and 10 ectoparasites (one leech and 9 arthropods).

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