Traumatic brain injury among two-wheeled motor vehicle riders in Utsunomiya, Japan: a comparison between mopeds and motorcycles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joji Inamasu ◽  
Masashi Nakatsukasa
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle

scholarly journals Traumatic Brain Injury Caused by Motor Vehicle Collision and Alcoholism in Piauí

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Benjamim Vale ◽  
Juçara Castro ◽  
Marx Araújo ◽  
Herb Morais ◽  
Lívio Macêdo
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collision ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Vehicle Collision

Objectives To determine the relationship between alcohol consumption and the incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with diffuse axonal injury (DAI), determining these indices, checking acquired comorbidities and characterizing the patients by gender, age and race/color, as well as describing the characteristics of the motor vehicle collision (vehicle, period of the day, day of the week and site) in people admitted to an emergency hospital in the city of Teresina, in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Methods We have analyzed the data contained in the medical records of patients admitted with a history of motor vehicle collision and severe TBI in intensive care units, based on the forms provided by the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU, in the Portuguese acronym) in the period between February 28 and November 28, 2013. Results In the period covered by the present study, 200 individuals were analyzed, and 54 (27%) had consumed alcohol; of these 11 had DAI. Of the total sample, 17% (34) presented DAI, however, with unknown data regarding the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Conclusion Considering the data, we observed that the profile of the head trauma patients are brown men, mostly (53.5%) aged between 15 and 30 years. The collisions occurred mostly on weekends and at night (55%), and 89.5% of the crashes involved motorcycles.

Mild traumatic brain injury from motor vehicle accidents: Factors associated with return to work

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol F. Ruffolo ◽  
Judith F. Friedland ◽  
Deirdre R. Dawson ◽  
Angela Colantonio ◽  
Peter H. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Vehicle Accidents

scholarly journals Recent trends in hospitalization and in-hospital mortality associated with traumatic brain injury in Canada: a nationwide, population-based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S21-S21
Author(s):  
T Fu ◽  
R Jing ◽  
S McFaull ◽  
M Cusimano
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Hospitalization Rates

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of traumatic death and disability worldwide. We examined nationwide trends in TBI-related hospitalizations and in-hospital mortality between April 2006 and March 2010 using a population-based database that is mandatory for all hospitals in Canada. Methods: Trends in hospitalization rates were analyzed using linear regression. Independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were evaluated using logistic regression. Results: Hospitalization rates remained stable for children and young adults, but increased considerably among elderly adults (ages 65 and older). Falls and motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) were the most common causes of TBI hospitalizations. TBIs caused by falls increased by 24% (p=0.01), while MVC-related hospitalization rates decreased by 18% (p=0.03). Elderly adults were most vulnerable to falls, and experienced the greatest increase (29%) in fall-related hospitalization rates. Young adults (ages 15-24) were most at risk for MVCs, but experienced the greatest decline (28%) in MVC-related admissions. There were significant trends towards increasing age, injury severity, comorbidity, hospital length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. However, multivariate regression showed that the odds of death decreased over time after controlling for relevant factors. Conclusions: Hospitalizations for TBI are increasing in severity and involve older populations with more complex comorbidities.

Sertraline to improve arousal and alertness in severe traumatic brain injury secondary to motor vehicle crashes

Brain Injury ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay M. Meythaler ◽  
Lawrence Depalma ◽  
Michael J. Devivo ◽  
Sharon Guin-Renfroe ◽  
Thomas A. Novack
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes

scholarly journals P053: Characteristics and patterns of major traumatic brain injury in Nova Scotia: a 12-year retrospective analysis

CJEM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S96-S96
Author(s):  
R. Green ◽  
N. Kureshi ◽  
L. Fenerty ◽  
G. Thibault-Halman ◽  
M. Erdogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Penetrating Trauma ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Injury Rates

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in Nova Scotia. TBI occurs in approximately 50% of major trauma seen annually in the province. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and patterns of major TBI seen in Nova Scotia over a 12-year period. Methods: This was a retrospective case series. Data were obtained from the Nova Scotia Trauma Registry for all patients presenting with major TBI (abbreviated injury score [AIS] head ≥3) between 2002 and 2013. Injury rates were calculated on the basis of 100,000 population (all ages) using population estimates from Statistics Canada. Results: Overall, 4152 major TBI patients were seen in Nova Scotia hospitals during the study period. Mean age of TBI patients was 51±25 years; 73% were male. The majority of injuries were the result of blunt trauma (93%), with relatively few major TBIs resulting from penetrating trauma (7%). The most common mechanisms of injury were falls (44%) and motor vehicle crashes (27%). Analysis of census-based subpopulations of the province showed that injury rates varied significantly among counties (from 25 to 63 per 100,000 population). We observed an increase in the number of major TBI patients over twelve years. Conclusion: Our findings suggest significant regional variation in major TBI rates in Nova Scotia. There are ongoing needs for prevention and intervention efforts that focus on unintentional falls and motor vehicle crashes, especially in older adults. These results also suggest that geographically targeted efforts may be warranted.

scholarly journals Classification of traumatic brain injury severity using retrospective data

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Sandra Rogers ◽  
Amber W. Trickey
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Severity Classification ◽  
Brain Injured

Objective: Accurate classification of traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity is essential to brain injury research. TBI heterogeneity complicates classification of the injury; is a significant barrier in the design of therapeutic interventions; and results in retrospective data which is difficult to translate. The objective of this study is to describe the differences in two current tools used in the classification of TBI severity, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the head Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS), using retrospective data to compare their performance.Methods: Using correlational and descriptive statistics, this study examined two TBI severity classification methods across a large sample of TBI patients (N = 56,131), who were treated at level I and level II trauma centers in the United States and were included in the 2010 National Sample Program (NSP) of the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB®).Results: The study population was 67% male, 67% non-Hispanic white, treated most often in trauma centers in the South (38%), with blunt trauma (93%) and from non-motor vehicle collisions (MVC’s) (56%). Observation of the AIS classification system demonstrated that it tends to over-score TBI severity compared to the GCS classification. The methods (GCS & AIS) had a weak, inverse relationship with a correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r) of -0.3980, which was significant at p < .001.Conclusions: The current study addressed the difficulties associated with categorizing TBI severity when analyzing retrospective data.  Although AIS is commonly used to classify severity in retrospective data when GCS is unavailable, the relationship between the two scales is relatively unknown. Results show that AIS and GCS are more closely related for severely brain injured patients but in cases of mild and moderate injury, AIS is less predictive of GCS. Since they are often used in conjunction in identifying brain injured severity in retrospective data, researchers cannot be certain that the tools are similarly classifying mild, moderate, and severe injuries. This study reinforces the need for additional TBI severity classification methods, such as neuroimaging techniques and biomarkers.

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