Hospital preparedness for mass gathering events and mass casualty incidents in Matera, Italy, European Capital of Culture 2019

AbstractTriage is a complex process and is one means for determining which patients most need access to limited resources. Triage has been studied extensively, particularly in relation to triage in overcrowded emergency departments, where individuals presenting for treatment often are competing for the available stretchers. Research also has been done in relation to the use of prehospital and field triage during mass-casualty incidents and disasters.In contrast, scant research has been done to develop and test an effective triage approach for use in mass-gathering and mass-participation events, although there is a growing body of knowledge regarding the health needs of persons attending large events. Existing triage and acuity scoring systems are suboptimal for this unique population, as these events can involve high patient presentation rates (PPR) and, occasionally, critically ill patients. Mass-gathering events are dangerous; a higher incidence of injury occurs than would be expected from general population statistics.The need for an effective triage and acuity scoring system for use during mass gatherings is clear, as these events not only create multiple patient encounters, but also have the potential to become mass-casualty incidents. Furthermore, triage during a large-scale disaster or mass-casualty incident requires that multiple, local agencies work together, necessitating a common language for triage and acuity scoring.In reviewing existing literature with regard to triage systems that might be employed for this population, it is noted that existing systems are biased toward traumatic injuries, usually ignoring mitigating factors such as alcohol and drug use and environmental exposures. Moreover, there is a substantial amount of over-triage that occurs with existing prehospital triage systems, which may lead to misallocation of limited resources. This manuscript presents a review of the available literature and proposes a triage system for use during mass gatherings that also may be used in the setting of mass-casualty incidents or disaster responses.TurrisSA, LundA. Triage during mass gatherings. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(6):1-5.

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Pre-hospital preparedness for pediatric mass casualty incidents in Riyadh

Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine ◽

10.24911/sjemed/72-1613766981 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Faris Almutairi ◽

Murdhi Alanazi ◽

Fahad Alhajjaj ◽

Anas Khan

Keyword(s):

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Hospital Preparedness

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Prehospital Triage by Lay Person First Responders: A Scoping Review and Proposal for a new Prehospital Triage Tool

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2021.19 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Wesley D Jetten ◽

Jeroen Seesink ◽

Markus Klimek

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Life Support ◽

First Responders ◽

Mass Casualty Incident ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Lay People ◽

Online Databases ◽

Healthcare Experience ◽

Prehospital Triage

Abstract Objective: The primary aim of this study is to review the available tools for prehospital triage in case of mass casualty incidents and secondly, to develop a tool which enables lay person first responders (LPFRs) to perform triage and start basic life support in mass casualty incidents. Methods: In July 2019, online databases were consulted. Studies addressing prehospital triage methods for lay people were analyzed. Secondly, a new prehospital triage tool for LPFRs was developed. Therefore, a search for prehospital triage models available in literature was conducted and triage actions were extracted. Results: The search resulted in 6188 articles, and after screening, a scoping review of 4 articles was conducted. All articles stated that there is great potential to provide accurate prehospital triage by people with no healthcare experience. Based on these findings, and combined with the pre-existing prehospital triage tools, we developed a, not-yet validated, prehospital triage tool for lay people, which may improve disaster awareness and preparedness and might positively contribute to community resilience. Conclusion: The prehospital triage tool for lay person first responders may be useful and may help professional medical first responders to determine faster, which casualties most urgently need help in a mass casualty incident.

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A call for collective learning from mass casualty incidents

Injury ◽

10.1016/j.injury.2021.02.068 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amila Ratnayake ◽

Sanjeewa Garusinghe ◽

Miklosh Bala ◽

Tamara J. Worlton

Keyword(s):

Mass Casualty ◽

Collective Learning ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents

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Does Self-reporting Facilitate History Taking in Food Poisoning Mass-casualty Incidents?

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x14000764 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 417-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ya-I Hsu ◽

Ying C. Huang

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Medical History ◽

Food Poisoning ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Control Group ◽

History Taking ◽

Care Providers ◽

Time Required ◽

Experimental Group

AbstractIntroductionMedical history is an important contributor to diagnosis and patient management. In mass-casualty incidents (MCIs), health care providers are often overwhelmed by large numbers of casualties. An efficient, reliable, and affordable method of information collection is essential for effective health care response.Hypothesis/ProblemIn some MCIs, self-reporting of symptoms can decrease the time required for history taking, without sacrificing the completeness of triage information.MethodsTwo resident doctors and a number of seventh graders who had previous experience of abdominal discomfort were invited to join this study. A questionnaire was developed to collect information on common symptoms in food poisoning. Each question was scored, and enrolled students were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group students answered the questionnaire first and then were interviewed to complete the medical history. The control group students were interviewed in the traditional way to collect medical history. Time of all interviews was measured and recorded. The time needed to complete the history taking and completeness of obtained information were compared with students’ t tests, or Mann-Whitney U tests, based on the normality of data. Comprehensibility of each question, scored by enrolled students, was reported by descriptive statistics.ResultsThere were 41 students enrolled: 22 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group. Time to complete history taking in the experimental group (163.0 seconds, SD=52.3) was shorter than that in the control group (198.7 seconds, SD=40.9) (P=.010). There was no difference in the completeness of history obtained between the experimental group and the control group (94.8%, SD=5.0 vs 94.2%, SD=6.1; P=.747). Between the two doctors, no significant difference was found in the time required for history taking (185.2 seconds, SD=42.2 vs 173.1 seconds, SD=58.6; P=.449), or the completeness of information (94.1%, SD=5.9 vs 95.0%, SD=5.0; P=.601). Most of the questions were scored “good” in comprehensibility.ConclusionSelf-reporting of symptoms can shorten the time of history taking during a food poisoning mass-casualty event without sacrificing the completeness of information.HsuY, HuangYC. Does self-reporting facilitate history taking in food poisoning mass-casualty incidents?Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(4):1-4.

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An internet-based bar code tracking system: coordination of confusion at mass casualty incidents

Disaster Management & Response ◽

10.1016/s1540-2487(03)70007-8 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 25-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jeff Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Tracking System ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Bar Code ◽

Code Tracking

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Using Baseline Data to Address the Lack of Hospital Beds during Mass-Casualty Incidents

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x0000604x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 377-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hysham Hadef ◽

Jean-Claude Bartier ◽

Herve Delplancq ◽

Jean-Pierre Dupeyron

Keyword(s):

Medical Personnel ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Baseline Data ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Free Access ◽

Data Systems ◽

Hospital Beds ◽

Access Information ◽

Data Program ◽

Information Database

AbstractThe management of victims during mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) is improving. In many countries, physicians and paramedics are well-trained to manage these incidents. A problem that has been encountered during MCIs is the lack of adequate numbers of hospital beds to accommodate the injured. In Europe, hospitals are crowded. One solution for the lack of beds is the creation of baseline data systems that could be consulted by medical personnel in all European countries. A MCI never has occurred in northeastern Europe, but such an event remains a possibility. This paper describes how the use of SAGEC 67, a free-access, information database concerning the availability of beds should help the participating countries, initially France, Germany, and Switzerland, respond to a MCI by dispatching each patient to an appropriate hospital and informing their families and physicians using their own language.Baseline data for more than 20 countries, and for hospitals, especially those in Germany, Switzerland, and France, were collected. Information about the number of beds and their availability hour-by-hour was included. In the case of MCIs, the baseline data program is opened and automatically connects to all of the countries. In case of a necessary hospital evacuation, the required beds immediately are occupied in one of these three countries.Questions and conversations among medical staff or family members can be accomplished between hospitals through computer, secured-line chatting that automatically translates into appropriate language.During the patient evacuation phase of a MCI, respondents acknowledged that a combination of local, state, and private resources and international cooperation eventually would be needed to meet the demand. Patient evacuation is optimized through the use of SAGEC 67, a free baseline database.

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