Identification of type I resistance to Fusarium head blight controlled by a major gene located on chromosome 4A of Triticum macha

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating wheat disease with a significant economic impact. Fhb5 is an important quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring type I resistance to FHB. In this study, we accessed the usability of a Kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) marker for the QTL on Fhb-5AS. The KASP clustering results were compared with the linked simple sequence repeat marker, wmc705 for Qfhb-5AS. Our results indicate that the single-nucleotide polymorphic locus wsnp_Ra_c24707_34262900 (IWA7777) provides reliable information for Qfhb-5AS-based resistance and would be amenable to masker-assisted selection, introgression of the resistance loci, and pyramiding of FHB resistance in wheat cultivars.

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Anther extrusion and plant height are associated with Type I resistance to Fusarium head blight in bread wheat line ‘Shanghai-3/Catbird’

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00122-012-1981-9 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 317-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Qiongxian Lu ◽

Morten Lillemo ◽

Helge Skinnes ◽

Xinyao He ◽

Jianrong Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Plant Height ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Type I ◽

Wheat Line ◽

Head Blight ◽

Anther Extrusion ◽

Type I Resistance

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Characterisation of fusarium head blight resistance located on chromosome 4A of Triticum macha

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/10560-pps ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽

pp. 580-582 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Steed ◽

E. Chandler ◽

M. Thomsett ◽

J. Carter ◽

S. Faure ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Single Gene ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Type I ◽

Head Blight ◽

Yield Trait ◽

Fhb Resistance ◽

Wheat Lines ◽

Triticum Macha

Chromosome 4A of Triticum macha carries resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Double haploid lines (DH) of T. macha 4A were used to determine the type of resistance and location of the gene(s). FHB resistance and yield trait data collected over two seasons following spray and point inoculation, indicate that the resistance is of type I and is probably conferred by a single gene. The resistance was mapped with microsatellite markers to a small area of the T. macha 4A chromosome flanked by markers gwm 610 and gwm 165. This could greatly facilitate future marker assisted selection work aimed at increasing resistance to FHB in other winter wheat lines.

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The Pressure of Fusarium Disease and Its Relation with Mycotoxins in The Wheat Grain and Malt

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins11040198 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 198 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Valentina Spanic ◽

Zvonimir Zdunic ◽

Georg Drezner ◽

Bojan Sarkanj

Keyword(s):

De Novo ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Type I ◽

Head Blight ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

Type I Resistance ◽

One Year ◽

Moderately Resistant

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive wheat fungal diseases, causing yield loss, quality reduction, and accumulation of mycotoxins. The aim of this research was to summarize the occurrence of major Fusarium mycotoxins: deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), nivalenol (NIV), and zearalenone (ZEN) in two consecutive years to search the relationship between disease incidence and severity with mycotoxins found in control and inoculated grains and corresponding malt. In addition, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) in one-year research was measured. Tested wheat varieties showed infection scores of 3% (‘U1’ and ‘Sirban Prolifik’) to 79% (‘Golubica’) for Type I resistance evaluation. There were few moderately resistant varieties in view of their areas under the disease progress curve, which can be considered Type III resistance (‘Sirban Prolifik’ and ‘U1’). According to the data quantified by LC–MS/MS, DON decreased in infected malt in comparison to corresponding grain, while ZEN occurred only in infected malt samples. Both 3-AcDON and NIV increased in inoculated malt in comparison to corresponding grain, due to a combination of plant metabolism and de novo synthesis by molds during malting. Based on the results, we can draw a few conclusions: the resistance to Fusarium decreased quantified concentrations of DON; ZEN gets synthetized during malting; unregulated 3-AcDON and NIV increase during malting; more resistant varieties have converted DON to D3G more successfully. Modified mycotoxins should be also included to legislation, since they could be transformed back to the corresponding mycotoxins under food processing conditions or during digestion.

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Engineering Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat by Expression of a Fusion Protein Containing a Fusarium-Specific Antibody and an Antifungal Peptide

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-21-9-1242 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 1242-1248 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

He-Ping Li ◽

Jing-Bo Zhang ◽

Run-Ping Shi ◽

Tao Huang ◽

Rainer Fischer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusion Protein ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Recombinant Antibody ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Natural Resistance ◽

Antifungal Peptide ◽

Type I ◽

Head Blight ◽

Antibody Fusion Protein

Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab of wheat is a devastating disease in warm and humid regions at wheat-flowering periods worldwide. Natural resistance against FHB pathogens is inadequate and the development of FHB-resistant wheat cultivars has been a challenge. Expression of pathogen-specific antibodies in plants has been proposed as a strategy for crop protection. In this study, an antibody fusion protein comprising a Fusarium-specific recombinant antibody derived from chicken and an antifungal peptide from Aspergillus giganteus was expressed in wheat as a method for protecting plants against FHB pathogens. Plants expressing the antibody fusion displayed a very significantly enhanced resistance in T2 and T3 generations upon single-floret inoculation with the macroconidia of Fusarium asiaticum, the predominant species causing FHB in China, indicating a type II resistance. Spraying inoculation further revealed an enhanced type I resistance in the transgenic wheat plants. Remarkably, more grains were produced in the transgenic plants than the nontransgenic controls. Our results demonstrated that the antibody fusion protein may be used as an effective tool for the protection of crops against FHB pathogens.

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The role of adapted and non-adapted resistance sources in breeding resistance of winter wheat to Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol contamination

World Mycotoxin Journal ◽

10.3920/wmj2017.2297 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 539-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Á. Mesterházy ◽

M. Varga ◽

A. György ◽

S. Lehoczki-Krsjak ◽

B. Tóth

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Commercial Production ◽

Type I ◽

Head Blight ◽

Visual Symptoms ◽

Infection Pressure ◽

Fhb Resistance ◽

Resistant Genotypes

Since resistance is the most important agent in regulating deoxynivalenol (DON), breeding for higher resistance is the key to improve food safety. Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) show a closer correlation with DON than visual symptoms. This implies a difference in genetic regulation. For this reason, the mapping should be extended not only for the visual symptoms, but also for FDK and DON. Quantitative trait loci influencing only Fusarium head blight (FHB) symptoms, may not be relevant for FDK and DON. Type I and II were pooled to overall resistance at spray inoculation. From 2010 to 2016 three selection platforms were compared by checking running variety breeding programs. The use of exotic sources in breeding significantly increased the number of more resistant genotypes in each selection phase from F3-F8 generations compared to the control program where crosses were not planned for FHB resistance and screening in early generations was also not performed. However, also in this breeding platform – at a lower rate – moderately or highly resistant genotypes could be selected. Of them, eight cultivars were/are in commercial production. The Fusarium breeding program using only adapted and more resistant parents generally gave closer results to exotic breeds, and several highly resistant genotypes were produced as a result. For winter wheat the phenotypic screening at high disease pressure is the key to select highly resistant materials. At low infection pressure the high and medium resistant genotypes come in the same group. The use of more isolates increases the chance to have strong selection pressure each year. FHB resistance was combined with leaf rust, yellow rust, powdery mildew, leaf spot resistance and high protein content (15-18%). The cultivar registration and post registration screening is the key in improving food safety in commercial production.

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Post-Anthesis Moisture Increased Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol Levels in North Carolina Winter Wheat

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-99-4-0320 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 99 (4) ◽

pp. 320-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Christina Cowger ◽

Jennifer Patton-Özkurt ◽

Gina Brown-Guedira ◽

Leandro Perugini

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Selective Medium ◽

First Year ◽

Type I ◽

Head Blight ◽

Fourfold Increase ◽

Screening Programs

Current models for forecasting Fusarium head blight (FHB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) levels in wheat are based on weather near anthesis, and breeding for resistance to FHB pathogens often relies on irrigation before and shortly after anthesis to encourage disease development. The effects of post-anthesis environmental conditions on FHB are poorly understood. We performed a field experiment at Kinston, NC, to explore the effects of increasing duration of post-anthesis moisture on disease incidence, disease severity, Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK), percent infected kernels, and DON. The experiment had a split-plot design, and one trial was conducted in each of two successive years. Main plots consisted of post-anthesis mist durations of 0, 10, 20, or 30 days. Subplots were of eight cultivars in the first year and seven in the second year, two being susceptible to FHB and the remainder each with varying degrees of apparent type I and type II resistance. Plots were inoculated by spraying Fusarium graminearum macroconidia at mid-anthesis. Averaging across years and cultivars, 10 or 20 days of post-anthesis mist had the same effect (P ≥ 0.198) and were associated with an approximately fourfold increase in mean disease incidence and eightfold increase in disease severity compared with 0 days of mist (P ≤ 0.0002). In both years, mean FDK percentages at 0 and 10 days post-anthesis mist were the same and significantly lower than FDK percentages under 20 or 30 days of post-anthesis mist. Mist duration had a significant effect on percent kernels infected with Fusarium spp. as detected by a selective medium assay of 2007 samples. Averaging across all cultivars, in both years, DON levels increased significantly for 10 days compared with 0 days of mist, and increased again with 20 days of mist (P ≤ 0.04). This is the first investigation to show that extended post-flowering moisture can have a significant enhancing effect on FHB, FDK, DON, and percent infected kernels of wheat. For all disease and toxin assays, cultivar rankings were significantly noncorrelated among mist durations in at least 1 year, suggesting that FHB screening programs might rank genotypes differently under extended post-anthesis moisture than without it. Our findings also imply that accurate forecasts of DON in small grains must take account of post-anthesis weather conditions.

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Mapping Four Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Type I Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Winter Wheat ‘INW0412’

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2015.06.0390 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 1163-1172 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jin Sun ◽

Herbert W. Ohm ◽

Jesse A. Poland ◽

Christie E. Williams

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Blight Resistance ◽

Type I ◽

Head Blight ◽

Trait Loci

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Effect of Fusarium head blight on deoxynivalenol levels in whole grain and patent flours from different wheat genotypes

World Mycotoxin Journal ◽

10.3920/wmj2014.1871 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 229-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.L. De Almeida ◽

D.J. Tessmann ◽

H.T.Z. Do Couto ◽

M.L. Fostim

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Type I ◽

Conidial Suspension ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Head Blight ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Infection Resistance ◽

Grain Yield And Quality

Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab, caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a highly destructive disease of wheat that can affect wheat grain yield and quality and contaminate grains and grain products with trichothecene mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON). The purpose this study was to evaluate FHB resistance and DON accumulation in whole grain flour (WGF) and patent flour (PF) from different wheat genotypes developed for the humid subtropical conditions in southern Brazil. Three types of physiological resistance were evaluated: resistance against initial infection, resistance to kernel infection, and resistance to DON accumulation, known as the type I, III and V resistance reactions to FHB, respectively. The experimental design was factorial, and the factors studied were genotypes (n=23), type of flour (WGF and PF), inoculation (uninoculated or inoculated), and growing season (2011 and 2012). The genotypes were screened with natural infection and were artificially inoculated by spraying a conidial suspension at mid-anthesis. DON content in WGF and PF was significantly affected by all the tested sources of variation and their interactions. Averaged among genotypes, the increase in DON content in WGF compared with PF was 29.3%, ranging from 1.7 to 66.4%. Significant differences in FHB incidence and severity, Fusarium-damaged kernels, yield and test weight (Tw) were observed among wheat genotypes. Artificial inoculation significantly affected the DON content of WGF and PF but not the other variables, indicating its utility in southern Brazil. Linear correlations between DON accumulation in WGF or PF and resistance to FHB variables, yield and Tw were also determined.

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