Simultaneous selection of major and minor genes: use of QTL to increase selection efficiency of coleoptile length of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiankang Wang ◽  
Scott C. Chapman ◽  
David G. Bonnett ◽  
Greg J. Rebetzke
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Selection Efficiency ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Minor Genes ◽  
Simultaneous Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Seed size influences the coleoptile length of wheat

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Cornish ◽  
S Hindmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Seed Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of

Variation in coleoptile length within and between 2 cultivars of semidwarf wheat (Triticum aestivum) was related to seed size. Seeds of cvv. Banks and Kite were separated by sieving for width into the size classes of >2.75, 2.75-250, 2.50-2.25 and 2.25- 2.00 mm. The mean grain weights of ungraded samples were 43.1 mg (Kite) and 34.3 mg (Banks), and for the subsamples were 52.4, 37.9, 30.4 and 20.7 mg (Kite) and 41.4, 33.2, 25.8 and 19.1 mg (Banks). The effect of size class on coleoptile length was significant (P<0.01). Over both cultivars, coleoptile length declined by 0.37 mm per mg reduction in seed weight. Kite produced the longer coleoptiles overall, 87.5 mm compared with 59.0 mm for Banks. However, only 3.3 mm of this difference can be accounted for by the mean difference in seed weight (8.8 mg) and the effect of seed weight on coleoptile length (0.37 mm/mg). Genetic differences, apart from adult plant height, appear to explain most of the difference in coleoptile length between the cultivars. There was considerable genetic variability within genotypes. In Banks, with seed width >2.75 mm (41.4 mg per seed), the lengths of coleoptiles ranged from 24-89 mm (mean 65.1 mm), suggesting considerable scope for the selection of genotypes with longer coleoptiles.

scholarly journals Analysis of Direct and Indirect Selection and Indices in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Segregating Progeny

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zine El Abidine Fellahi ◽  
Abderrahmane Hannachi ◽  
Hamenna Bouzerzour
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Simultaneous Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Three selection methods including direct and indirect selection along with selection index based on the phenotypic values of eleven traits of agronomic interest were assessed for their application in F4 bread wheat progenies. Significant genetic variation existed among parents and crosses for the traits measured. The following were the most efficient indices for simultaneous selection of superior lines for yield and its components: base index of Williams, followed by the sum of ranks index of Smith and Hazel. The selection-based index provided the highest grain yield gains as compared to the other selection criteria, except for flag leaf area, indicating that the direct and indirect monotrait selection were not appropriate in the situation analyzed in this work. PCA identified Ain Abid × Mahon-Demias, Ain Abid × Rmada, and Ain Abid × El-Wifak as the most promising populations. At 5% selection intensity, the top 30 lines selected were distinguished, in comparison with the standard check Hidhab, by significant improvements in yield and yield components.

Inheritance of resistance to stem rust in 'Bonza', 'Chris', 'FKN-II-50-17', 'MRFY', 'Thatcher', 'Marquillo', and 'Hope' wheats

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
M. Padidam ◽  
D. R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Minor Genes

Resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks, and Henn.), particularly adult plant resisitance to race 15B-1, was studied in seven wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars or lines: 'Bonza', 'Chris', 'FKN-II-50-17', 'MRFY', 'Thatcher', 'Marquillo', and 'Hope'. Each of the seven was crossed with a susceptible parent and either F4- or F5-derived lines developed by single seed descent. All of the lines were tested with race 15B-1 in field nurseries. Lines derived from parents carrying seedling resistance to race 15B-1 were also tested as seedlings in the greenhouse with race 15B-1, and in some cases races 56, 29, and C65. The data indicated that 'Bonza' carries Sr6, probably Sr5, an unidentified gene giving resistance to race 56, two unidentified genes for resistance to race C65, and two minor genes that combine to produce intermediate adult plant resistance. 'Chris' carries Sr5, Sr7a, Sr8a, and Sr12. In addition, it may have three minor genes for adult plant resistance. 'FKN-II-50-17' carries Sr6 and may have four minor genes that combine to produce moderate adult plant resistance. 'MRFY', which is seedling susceptible to race 15B-1, carries Sr9b, possibly Sr5, plus an unidentified gene for resistance to C65. In addition, it appears to have one major gene for adult plant resistance plus two or more minor genes. 'Thatcher', 'Marquillo', and 'Hope' had only limited resistance to race 15B-1 in the field and no genetic analysis of their crosses was possible. The four parents that had good resistance to race 15B-1 in the field, 'Bonza', 'Chris', 'FKN-II-50-17', and 'MRFY', all carry minor genes for adult plant resistance that had little effect individually but produced moderate resistance when combined. The genes Sr5 and Sr9b, which have no effect on resistance to 15B-1 is seedlings, were found to significantly increase resistance in adult plants in the field.Key words: stem rust, Puccinia graminis tritici, wheat, Triticum aestivum, adult plant rust resistance.

scholarly journals INDUKSI MUTASI DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO TANAMAN GANDUM (Triticum aestivum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Laela Sari ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Didy Soepandi ◽  
Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih ◽  
Enny Sudarmonowati
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Induced Mutation ◽  
Callus Production ◽  
Selection Of

INDUCTION MUTATION AND SELECTION OF IN VITRO PLANT OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)The goal of this research was to produce wheat crop which is tolerant to lowland condition.Six varieties were used, Dewata, Selayar, Alibey, Oasis, Rabe and HP1744. This research consisted of 4 stages: production of the best callus on MS medium containing 3 g/L 2.4-D, induced mutation of embryogenic callus using EMS, in vitro selection of callus at temperature of 27–35°C, and callus regeneration. The best result for callus production was 76% for Dewata and 70% for Selayar varieties. Higher concentration of EMS and longer soaking time decreased the percentage of callus growth. LC50 for Dewata was 0.3% EMS at 30 minutes and that for Selayar was 0.1% EMS at 60 minutes. The higher the temperature was, the lower was the adaptation tolerant of the plants, and callus growth was inhibited. At the highest temperature (35°C) the callus did not grow at all.Keywords: Induced mutation, Triticum aestivum, EMS, in vitro selection, callusABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merakit tanaman gandum yang toleran pada dataran rendah. Varietas yang digunakan ada 6 yaitu Dewata, Selayar, Alibey, Oasis, Rabe dan HP-1744. Penelitian terdiri atas empat tahap yaitu induksi pembentukan kalus terbaik menggunakan media MS + 3 g/L 2,4-D (dipilih dua varietas yang terbaik), induksi mutasi kalus embriogenik menggunakan EMS, seleksi kalus in vitro pada suhu 27–35°C, dan regenerasi. Hasil induksi kalus terbaik terdapat pada varietas Dewata sebesar 76% dan Selayar sebesar 70%. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi EMS dan semakin lama waktu perendaman yang digunakan maka semakin menurun persentase pertumbuhan kalus. LC50 varietas Dewata adalah EMS 0,3% waktu 30 menit sedangkan LC50 varietas Selayar adalah EMS 0,1% waktu 60 menit.Semakin tinggi suhunya maka semakin berkurang toleran adaptasi tanaman tersebut, dan pertumbuhan kalus semakin sedikit. Bahkan pada suhu tertinggi yaitu suhu 35°C tidak ada pertumbuhan kalus sama sekali.Kata Kunci: Induksi mutasi, Triticum aestivum, EMS, seleksi in vitro, kalus

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