scholarly journals Young elite Alpine and Mogul skiers have a higher prevalence of cam morphology than non-athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1262-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Swärd Aminoff ◽  
Cecilia Agnvall ◽  
Carl Todd ◽  
Páll Jónasson ◽  
Olof Thoreson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cam Morphology

scholarly journals Correction to: Clinical and radiological hip parameters do not precede, but develop simultaneously with cam morphology: a 5-year follow-up study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1411-1412
Author(s):  
P. van Klij ◽  
M. P. Heijboer ◽  
A. Z. Ginai ◽  
J. A. N. Verhaar ◽  
J. H. Waarsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Cam Morphology

scholarly journals The relationship between cam morphology and hip and groin symptoms and signs in young male football players

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1221-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim Klij ◽  
Abida Z. Ginai ◽  
Marinus P. Heijboer ◽  
Jan A. N. Verhaar ◽  
Jan H. Waarsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Football Players ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

scholarly journals Cam morphology in young male football players mostly develops before proximal femoral growth plate closure: a prospective study with 5-yearfollow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim van Klij ◽  
Marinus P Heijboer ◽  
Abida Z Ginai ◽  
Jan A N Verhaar ◽  
Jan H Waarsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Growth Plates ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Open Growth Plate ◽  
Morphology Development ◽  
Open Growth ◽  
Cam Morphology

ObjectivesCam morphology is not completely understood. The aim of this study was threefold: (1) to investigate if cam morphology development is associated with growth plate status; (2) to examine whether cam morphology continues to develop after growth plate closure; and (3) to qualitatively describe cam morphology development over 5-year follow-up.MethodsAcademy male football players (n=49) participated in this prospective 5-year follow-up study (baseline 12–19 years old). Anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral views were obtained at baseline (142 hips), 2.5-year (126 hips) and 5-year follow-up (98 hips). Cam morphology on these time points was defined as: (A) visual scores of the anterior head-neck junction, classified as: (1) normal, (2) flattening, and (3) prominence; and (B) alpha angle ≥60°. Proximal femoral growth plates were classified as open or closed. Cam morphology development was defined as every increase in visual score and/or increase in alpha angle from <60° to ≥60°, between two time points. This resulted in 224 measurements for cam morphology development analysis.ResultsCam morphology development was significantly associated with open growth plates based on visual score (OR: 10.03, 95% CI 3.49 to 28.84, p<0.001) and alpha angle (OR: 2.85, 95% CI 1.18 to 6.88, p=0.020). With both definitions combined, cam developed in 104 of 142 hips during follow-up. Of these 104 hips, cam developed in 86 hips (82.7%) with open growth plate and in 18 hips (17.3%) with a closed growth plate. Cam morphology developed from 12 to 13 years of age until growth plate closure around 18 years.ConclusionCam morphology of the hip is more likely to develop with an open growth plate.

A Cam Morphology Develops in the Early Phase of the Final Growth Spurt in Adolescent Ice Hockey Players: Results of a Prospective MRI-based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus S. Hanke ◽  
Florian Schmaranzer ◽  
Simon D. Steppacher ◽  
Stephan Reichenbach ◽  
Stefan F. Werlen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Phase ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Cam Morphology

scholarly journals Hip pain and its correlation with cam morphology in young skiers—a minimum of 5 years follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefin Abrahamson ◽  
Pall Jónasson ◽  
Mikael Sansone ◽  
Anna Swärd Aminoff ◽  
Carl Todd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Α Angle ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Elite Skiers

Abstract Background There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between cam morphological changes and hip pain, and it remains unclear who with cam morphology will develop hip pain and who will not. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between cam morphology, hip pain, and activity level at a 5-year follow-up in young Alpine and Mogul skiers. Method All students (n = 76) at Åre Ski National Sports High School were invited and accepted participation in this prospective study at baseline. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both hips was conducted to evaluate the presence of cam morphology (α-angle ≥ 55°) and its size alongside the reporting of hip pain, type, and frequency of training by the Back and hip questionnaire, at baseline. After 5 years, the skiers were invited to complete a shortened version of the same questionnaire. Results A total of 60 skiers (80%) completed the follow-up questionnaire, of which 53 had concomitant MRI data. Cam morphology was present in 25 skiers (47.2%, 39 hips). Hip pain at baseline and at follow-up was reported in 17 (28.3%) and 22 (36.7%) skiers, respectively. No correlations were found between the activity level, the frequency, and the size of cam morphology and hip pain, except for the right hip α-angle at 1 o’clock and hip pain in skiers with cam morphology at baseline (rs = 0.49; P = 0.03) and at follow-up (rs = 0.47; P = 0.04). A total of 73.3% skiers had retired, of which 48% reported this was due to injuries. Conclusion Hip pain was not shown to be correlated, or had a low correlation, with activity level and the presence and size of cam morphology in young skiers on a 5-year follow-up. Based on these results, cam morphology or activity level did not affect hip pain to develop during 5 years of follow-up in young skiers. Furthermore, this study highlights that almost 75% of young elite skiers had retired from their elite career with almost 50% reporting that this was due to injuries sustained from skiing.

scholarly journals Novel CT-based Three-dimensional Software Improves the Characterization of Cam Morphology

2013 ◽  
Vol 471 (8) ◽  
pp. 2484-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Milone ◽  
Asheesh Bedi ◽  
Lazaros Poultsides ◽  
Erin Magennis ◽  
J. W. Thomas Byrd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cam Morphology

Cam Morphology in the Human Hip

Orthopedics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Y. Ng ◽  
Thomas J. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Cam Morphology

scholarly journals The Response of Hip Joint Cartilage to Exercise in Children: An MRI Study Using T2-Mapping

Cartilage ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 194760352093118
Author(s):  
Scott Fernquest ◽  
Antony Palmer ◽  
Claudio Pereira ◽  
Calum Arnold ◽  
Emma Hirons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Acetabular Cartilage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femoral Cartilage ◽  
Open Physis ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Cam Morphology

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effects of activity and cam morphology on cartilage composition during adolescence and investigate the development of cartilage composition with age. Design Cross-sectional observational cohort study of individuals from football club academies and an age-matched control population, aged 9 to 18 years. Assessments included questionnaires and T2-mapping of hips. Primary imaging outcome measures were T2 relaxation time of acetabular and femoral cartilage, average alpha angle, and lateral epiphyseal extension. Results The cohort consisted of 109 elite male footballers, 49 male controls, and 51 female controls. Elite male footballers had an acetabular cartilage T2 value 4.85 ms greater than male controls ( P < 0.001). A significant positive correlation existed between Physical Activity Questionnaire Score and acetabular cartilage T2 value (coefficient 1.07, P < 0.001) and femoral cartilage T2 value (coefficient 0.66, P = 0.032). Individuals with a closed physis had an acetabular cartilage T2 value 7.86 ms less than individuals with an open physis. Acetabular cartilage T2 values decreased with age in elite footballers. No correlation existed between alpha angle and anterosuperior acetabular cartilage T2 value and no difference in T2 value existed between individuals with and without cam morphology. Conclusions This study demonstrates that high activity levels may significantly affect acetabular cartilage composition during adolescence, but cam morphology may not detrimentally affect cartilage composition until after adolescence.

scholarly journals Hip morphology in elite golfers: asymmetry between lead and trail hips

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (17) ◽  
pp. 1081-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Dickenson ◽  
Philip O'Connor ◽  
Philip Robinson ◽  
Robert Campbell ◽  
Imran Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Hip Morphology ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Articular Pathology ◽  
Α Angle ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Pincer Morphology ◽  
Side Asymmetry ◽  
Head Neck

AimDuring a golf swing, the lead hip (left hip in a right-handed player) rotates rapidly from external to internal rotation, while the opposite occurs in the trail hip. This study assessed the morphology and pathology of golfers’ hips comparing lead and trail hips.MethodsA cohort of elite golfers were invited to undergo MRI of their hips. Hip morphology was evaluated by measuring acetabular depth (pincer shape=negative measure), femoral neck antetorsion (retrotorsion=negative measure) and α angles (cam morphology defined as α angle >55° anteriorly) around the axis of the femoral neck. Consultant musculoskeletal radiologists determined the presence of intra-articular pathology.Results55 players (mean age 28 years, 52 left hip lead) underwent MRI. No player had pincer morphology, 2 (3.6%) had femoral retrotorsion and 9 (16%) had cam morphology. 7 trail hips and 2 lead hips had cam morphology (p=0.026). Lead hip femoral neck antetorsion was 16.7° compared with 13.0° in the trail hip (p<0.001). The α angles around the femoral neck were significantly lower in the lead compared with trail hips (p<0.001), with the greatest difference noted in the anterosuperior portion of the head neck junction; 53° vs 58° (p<0.001) and 43° vs 47° (p<0.001). 37% of trail and 16% of lead hips (p=0.038) had labral tears.ConclusionsGolfers’ lead and trail hips have different morphology. This is the first time side-to-side asymmetry of cam prevalence has been reported. The trail hip exhibited a higher prevalence of labral tears.

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