Is there a correlation between a 20-min pad-test and subjective urine leakage amount?

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 2857-2862
Author(s):  
Caroline Baldini Prudencio ◽  
Letícia de Azevedo Ferreira ◽  
Márcia Maria Gimenez ◽  
Guilherme Thomaz de Aquino Nava ◽  
Maria Augusta Tezelli Bortolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pad Test ◽  
Urine Leakage

scholarly journals Low Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as a Novel Treatment for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized-Controlled Clinical Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 947
Author(s):  
Kun-Ling Lin ◽  
Kuang-Shun Chueh ◽  
Jian-He Lu ◽  
Shu-Mien Chuang ◽  
Bin-Nan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Urine Leakage

Background and Objectives: To evaluate the effects of low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LiESWT) on stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Materials and Methods: This investigation was a multicenter, single-blind, randomized-controlled trial study. Sixty female SUI patients were randomly assigned to receive LiESWT with 0.25 mJ/mm2 intensity, 3000 pulses, and 3 pulses/s, once weekly for a 4-week (W4) and 8-week (W8) period, or an identical sham LiESWT treatment without energy transmission. The primary endpoint was the changes in urine leakage as measured by a pad test and validated standardized questionnaires, while the secondary endpoint was the changes in a 3-day urinary diary among the baseline (W0), the W4 and W8 of LiESWT, and 1-month (F1), 3-month (F3), and 6-month (F6) follow-up after LiESWT. Results: The results showed that 4 weeks of LiESWT could significantly decrease urine leakage based on the pad test and validated standardized questionnaire scores, as compared to the sham group. Moreover, 8 weeks of LiESWT could significantly reduce urine leakage but increase urine volume and attenuate urgency symptoms, which showed meaningful and persistent improvement at W8, F1, F3, and F6. Furthermore, validated standardized questionnaire scores were significantly improved at W8, F1, F3, and F6 as compared to the baseline (W0). Conclusions: Eight weeks of LiESWT attenuated SUI symptoms upon physical activity, reduced urine leakage, and ameliorated overactive bladder symptoms, which implied that LiESWT significantly improved the quality of life. Our findings suggested that LiESWT could serve as a potentially novel and non-invasive treatment for SUI.

scholarly journals The Outcome of a Single-Incision Sling versus Trans-Obturator Sling in Overweight and Obese Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence at 3-Year Follow-Up

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Hui-Hsuan Lau ◽  
Sugarmaa Enkhtaivan ◽  
Tsung-Hsien Su ◽  
Wen-Chu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Single Incision ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
Single Incision Sling ◽  
Wound Pain ◽  
Urine Leakage ◽  
Assess Quality ◽  
Subjective Cure

Background: Being overweight or obese is a risk factor for incontinence and has negative impacts on the surgical outcomes. Compared with trans-obturator sling (TOS), single incision sling (SIS) is a new generation of anti-incontinence surgery. However, the data on SIS in overweight and obese women remains limited. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the objective and subjective cure rate of overweight and obese women who underwent sling surgeries. Other evaluations included valid questionnaires to assess quality of life and 1-hour pad test to quantify urine leakage. Surgical characteristics and adverse events were also analyzed. Results: A total of 217 patients were analyzed with a median follow-up period of 37.3 months (range, 9–84 months). For overweight and obese patients, the objective and subjective cure rate were comparable (all p > 0.05). However, the SIS group had worse post-operative incontinence-related symptom distress (p < 0.001) and 1-hour pad test (p = 0.047). On the other hand, SIS had a shorter surgery time (p = 0.017) and lower pain score (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Compared with TOS, SIS had non-significant cure rates in the overweight and obese women. SIS had worse urine leakage and incontinence symptoms, but less surgical and wound pain in obese women. Thorough pre-operative counseling is necessary.

scholarly journals Low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy as a novel treatment for stress urinary incontinence: a randomized-controlled clinical study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Ling Lin ◽  
Kuang-Shun Chueh ◽  
Jian-He Lu ◽  
Shu-Mien Chuang ◽  
Bin-Nan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Urine Leakage

Abstract Aims: To evaluate the effects of low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LiESWT) on stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: This investigation was a multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial study. 60 female SUI patients were randomly assigned to receive LiESWT with 0.25 mJ/mm2 intensity, 3000 pulses, and 3 pulses/second, once weekly for 4-week (W4) and 8-week (W8), or an identical sham LiESWT treatment without energy transmission. The primary endpoint was the changes in urine leakage as measured by pad test and validated standardized questionnaires. While the secondary endpoint was the changes in 3-day urinary diary among the baseline (W0), the W4 and the W8 of LiESWT, and 1-month (F1), 3-month (F3) and 6-month (F6) follow-up after LiESWT. Results: The results showed that 4-week LiESWT could significantly decrease urine leakage based on pad test and validated standardized questionnaire scores, as compared to the sham group. Moreover, 4-week LiESWT could significantly reduce urine leakage, but increase urine volume and attenuate urgency symptom, which showed meaningful and persistent improvement at W8, F1, F3 and F6. Furthermore, validated standardized questionnaire scores were significantly improved at W4, W8, F1, F3 and F6 as compared to the baseline (W0). Conclusions: 8-week LiESWT could attenuate SUI symptoms on physical activity, reduce urine leakage and ameliorate overactive bladder symptoms, which implied that LiESWT significantly improved the quality of life. Our findings suggested that LiESWT could serve as a potentially novel and non-invasive treatment for SUI.

scholarly journals Demirtaş Erciyes-Mid urethral fibrin fixation technique (DE-MUFFT) for female stress urinary incontinence: A case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-699
Author(s):  
Türev DEMİRTAŞ ◽  
Gökhan SÖNMEZ ◽  
Şevket Tolga TOMBUL ◽  
Abdullah DEMİRTAŞ
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Female Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Fixation Technique ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Urine Leakage

Factors including suburethral blood flow impairment, collagen deficiency, and the lack of tissue healing factors are known to play a role in stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Autologous fibrin (AF) appears to be a viable material for the treatment of SUI. The aim of this study was to present the initial clinical outcomes of a novel technique named “Demirtaş Erciyes-Mid Urethral Fibrin Fixation Technique (DE-MUFFT)” that involved the placement of AF material in the suburethral space instead of sling material (mesh). In this study, the clinical outcomes of five women with pure SUI who underwent the placement of AF material in the suburethral space were examined retrospectively. The complaint of urine leakage during physical exertion and patients’ quality of life were assessed using Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I-QoL), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7), and 24-h pad test. Patient outcomes were evaluated preoperatively, at sixth week and third month postoperatively. Significant improvement was obtained in the quality-of-life tests and 24-h pad test. In all patients, the complaint of urine leakage disappeared almost completely. No adverse event or postoperative complication occurred in any of the patients. These results indicated that DE-MUFFT can be a promising procedure in the treatment of SUI due to its biocompatibility, minimally invasive nature, re-applicability, and cost-effectivity.

scholarly journals Therapeutic massage in women with stress urinary incontinence: a pilot study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Iwona Wilk ◽  
Elżbieta Rajkowska-Rabon ◽  
Marta Sobiech ◽  
Gabriela Kołodyńska ◽  
Barbara Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Primary Stress ◽  
Therapeutic Massage ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Urine Leakage

Background: Stress incontinence affects 25–60% of women of all ages and causes constant discomfort, significantly lowering quality of life. The most common causes of urinary incontinence are weakened sphincter muscles or bladder failure. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic massage therapy for stress urinary incontinence and to determine whether therapeutic massage can restore the normal function of the bladder sphincters. Material and methods: The study involved eleven women with a diagnosis of primary stress urinary incontinence, aged 50–79 years. The women attended therapeutic massage sessions twice a week for four weeks. A sanitary pad test was performed before starting and immediately after ending the therapy to verify its effectiveness. Results: In eight women, the amount of urine that leaked decreased after therapy. This result was statistically significant (p = 0.02). In three cases, urine leakage was reduced to zero. Conclusions: Therapeutic massage, acting locally, improves the function of the bladder sphincters, their flexibility and the ability to contract and relax. Massage eliminates or significantly reduces the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence.

scholarly journals Test–retest reliability of the 20-min pad test with infusion of strong-desired volume in the bladder for female urodynamic stress incontinence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yih Wu ◽  
Sheng-Mou Hsiao ◽  
Pei-Chi Wu ◽  
Ho-Hsiung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Stress Incontinence ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Urodynamic Stress Incontinence ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urine Leakage ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The repeatability of the 20-min pad test has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the test–retest reliability of the 20-min pad test in women with urodynamic stress incontinence. Among 89 enrolled women, 67 (75%) women were diagnosed with urodynamic stress incontinence and were examined in this study. The mean strong-desire volume of all the women was 306.7 ± 115.7 mL. The pad weights of the test versus retest were 28.3 ± 41.2 g versus 28.4 ± 38.6 g, p = 0.29, respectively. The test and retest pad weight results had a Spearman’s rho of 0.788 (p < 0.0001). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.793 (95% confidence interval, 0.704–0.882; p < 0.0001). The Bland–Altman plots all revealed good agreement between the test and the retest in the pad weights. In conclusion, the 20-min pad test infused with a strong-desired volume has good test–retest reliability to assess the severity of urine leakage for women with urodynamic stress incontinence.

1367: Correlation between 24 Hour PAD Test and the Abdominal Leak Point Pressure in Incontinent Men After Radical Prostatectomy

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
Rodolfo B. Reis ◽  
Antonio A. Rodrigues ◽  
Adauto Cologna ◽  
Haylton J. Suaid ◽  
Antonio C.P. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Leak Point Pressure ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
Point Pressure

scholarly journals Effect of prostatic apex shape (Lee types) and urethral sphincter length in preoperative MRI on very early continence rates after radical prostatectomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Wenzel ◽  
Felix Preisser ◽  
Matthias Mueller ◽  
Lena H. Theissen ◽  
Maria N. Welte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Pad Test ◽  
Type D ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Type C

Abstract Purpose To test the effect of anatomic variants of the prostatic apex overlapping the membranous urethra (Lee type classification), as well as median urethral sphincter length (USL) in preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) on the very early continence in open (ORP) and robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) patients. Methods In 128 consecutive patients (01/2018–12/2019), USL and the prostatic apex classified according to Lee types A–D in mpMRI prior to ORP or RARP were retrospectively analyzed. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify anatomic characteristics for very early continence rates, defined as urine loss of ≤ 1 g in the PAD-test. Results Of 128 patients with mpMRI prior to surgery, 76 (59.4%) underwent RARP vs. 52 (40.6%) ORP. In total, median USL was 15, 15 and 10 mm in the sagittal, coronal and axial dimensions. After stratification according to very early continence in the PAD-test (≤ 1 g vs. > 1 g), continent patients had significantly more frequently Lee type D (71.4 vs. 54.4%) and C (14.3 vs. 7.6%, p = 0.03). In multivariable logistic regression models, the sagittal median USL (odds ratio [OR] 1.03) and Lee type C (OR: 7.0) and D (OR: 4.9) were independent predictors for achieving very early continence in the PAD-test. Conclusion Patients’ individual anatomical characteristics in mpMRI prior to radical prostatectomy can be used to predict very early continence. Lee type C and D suggest being the most favorable anatomical characteristics. Moreover, longer sagittal median USL in mpMRI seems to improve very early continence rates.

scholarly journals Effect of Paula exercise method on functional outcomes of women with post fistula repair incontinence: a protocol for randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saratu Umar Aliyu ◽  
Shmaila M. Hanif ◽  
Isa Usman Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fistula Repair ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Urine Leakage ◽  
Pelvic Floor Strength

Abstract Background Post-fistula-repair incontinence (PFRI) is a common complication of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) surgeries. It entails continuous leakage of urine after successful VVF closure. Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) plays a vital role in the management of PFRI, however, an evolving exercise approach is the Paula Exercise Method (PEM) which has shown a promising effect in stopping urinary incontinence, but there is no data on its effect on PFRI. This study therefore, proposes to primarily investigate the effect of PEM on urine leakage and secondarily, pelvic floor strength (PFS), quality of life (QoL), sexual function (SF), and mental health (MH) in women with PFRI. Methods This is a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. A total of 182 participants are expected to participate in the study after satisfying the inclusion criteria. The participants will be randomized into either PEM or PFMT study groups. The demographic data of all the participants will be recorded. Each participant will be assessed for urine leakage, PFS, QoL, SF, and MH at baseline and subsequently, at four, eight and 12 weeks of intervention. Demographic parameters will be summarized using descriptive statistics. Continuous data will be computed for differences using inferential statistic of Analysis of variance, t-test and Man Whitney U as appropriate. All analyses will be performed using SPSS version 22.0 with probability set at 0.05 alpha level. Discussion It is hoped that the outcome of this study will determine the effect of the Paula exercise method on urine leakage, pelvic floor strength, quality of life, sexual function, and mental health among women with post-fistula-repair incontinence and also provide evidence for the use of the Paula method in urinary incontinence. Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (www.pactr.org), identifier PACTR201906515532827.

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