Ancient DNA Clarifies the Evolutionary History of American Late Pleistocene Equids

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Orlando ◽  
Dean Male ◽  
Maria Teresa Alberdi ◽  
Jose Luis Prado ◽  
Alfredo Prieto ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilian Sheng ◽  
Jiaming Hu ◽  
Haowen Tong ◽  
Bastien Llamas ◽  
Junxia Yuan ◽  
...  

Ibis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 1198-1210
Author(s):  
Carina Carneiro de Melo Moura ◽  
Alexandre M. Fernandes ◽  
Alexandre Aleixo ◽  
Helder Farias Pereira de Araújo ◽  
Erich de Freitas Mariano ◽  
...  

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Poulakakis ◽  
Aris Parmakelis ◽  
Petros Lymberakis ◽  
Moysis Mylonas ◽  
Eleftherios Zouros ◽  
...  

During the Pleistocene pygmy elephantids, some only a quarter of their ancestors' size, were present on Mediterranean islands until about 10 000 years ago (y.a.). Using a new methodology for ancient DNA (aDNA) studies, the whole genomic multiple displacement amplification method, we were able to retrieve cytochrome b (cyt b ) DNA fragments from 4200 to 800 000 y.a. specimens from island and mainland samples, including pygmy and normal-sized forms. The short DNA sequence (43 bp) retrieved from the 800 000 y.a. sample is one of the oldest DNA fragment ever retrieved. Duplication of the experiments in two laboratories, the occurrence of three diagnostic sites and the results of the phylogenetic analyses strongly support its authenticity. Our results challenge the prevailing view that pygmy elephantids of the eastern Mediterranean originated exclusively from Elephas , suggesting independent histories of dwarfism and the presence of both pygmy mammoths and elephant-like taxa on these islands. Based on our molecular data, the origin of the Tilos and Cyprus elephantids from a lineage within the genus Elephas is confirmed, while the DNA sequence from the Cretan sample falls clearly within the mammoth clade. Thus, the name Mammuthus creticus rather than Elephas creticus , seems to be justified for this form. Our findings also suggest a need to re-evaluate the evolutionary history of the Sicilian/Maltese species, traditionally included in the genus Elephas .


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léa Terray ◽  
Masa Kageyama ◽  
Emmanuelle Stoetzel ◽  
Eslem Ben Arous ◽  
Raphaël Cornette ◽  
...  

Abstract. To reconstruct the paleoenvironmental and chronological context of archaeological/paleontological sites is a key step to understand the evolutionary history of past organisms. Commonly used method to infer paleoenvironments rely on varied proxies such as faunal assemblages and isotopes. However, those proxies often show some inconsistencies. Regarding estimated ages of stratigraphic layers, they can vary depending on the dating method used. In this paper, we tested the potential of paleoclimate simulations to address this issue and contribute to the description of the environmental and chronological context of archaeological/paleontological sites. We produced a set of paleoclimate simulations corresponding to the stratigraphy of a Late-Pleistocene Holocene site, El Harhoura 2 (Morocco), and compared the climatic sequence described by these simulations to environmental inferences made from isotopes and faunal assemblages. Our results showed that in the studied site combined US-ESR ages were much more congruent with paleoenvironmental inferences than OSL ages. In addition, climatic variations were found to be more consistent with isotopic studies than faunal assemblages, allowing us to discuss unresolved discrepancies to date. This study illustrates the strong potential of our approach to refine the paleoenvironmental and chronological context of archaeological and paleontological sites.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi‐Xia Yang ◽  
Cheng‐Long Deng ◽  
Ri‐Xiang Zhu ◽  
Michael D. Petraglia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hekkala ◽  
J. Gatesy ◽  
A. Narechania ◽  
R. Meredith ◽  
M. Russello ◽  
...  

AbstractAncient DNA is transforming our ability to reconstruct historical patterns and mechanisms shaping modern diversity and distributions. In particular, molecular data from extinct Holocene island faunas have revealed surprising biogeographic scenarios. Here, we recovered partial mitochondrial (mt) genomes for 1300–1400 year old specimens (n = 2) of the extinct “horned” crocodile, Voay robustus, collected from Holocene deposits in southwestern Madagascar. Phylogenetic analyses of partial mt genomes and tip-dated timetrees based on molecular, fossil, and stratigraphic data favor a sister group relationship between Voay and Crocodylus (true crocodiles). These well supported trees conflict with recent morphological systematic work that has consistently placed Voay within Osteolaeminae (dwarf crocodiles and kin) and provide evidence for likely homoplasy in crocodylian cranial anatomy and snout shape. The close relationship between Voay and Crocodylus lends additional context for understanding the biogeographic origins of these genera and refines competing hypotheses for the recent extinction of Voay from Madagascar.


Author(s):  
Диляра Наилевна Шаймуратова ◽  
Игорь Васильевич Аськеев ◽  
Зуфар Гумарович Шакиров

В статье представлено новое исследование остатков рыб и птиц из раскопа XLIV Билярского городища, заложенного с целью изучения крупного кирпичного здания, который располагался в так называемом «Внутреннем городе» – наиболее статусной его части. Целью работы являлся комплексный анализ фаунистических остатков, извлеченных из культурного слоя методом послойного отбора с просеиванием. По костным остаткам и чешуе определено 23 вида рыб с преобладанием остатковкрупноразмерных видов: севрюги, судака, стерляди и белорыбицы. Преобладание крупноразмерных видов указывает на то, что промысел велся на Волге и Каме, и основной состав рыб, употреблявшихся на городище, был привозной. Видовой состав птиц высок и разнообразен – 40 видов диких и 3 вида домашних птиц с доминированием домашней курицы. Среди диких птиц интересны находки элементов скелета хищных птиц из отряда Ястребиных и отряда Соколов, что указывает на наличие соколиной охоты на данном местонахождении и его высокий социальный статус. Библиографические ссылки Аськеев И.В., Галимова Д.Н., Аськеев О.В. Ихтиофауна позднего голоцена Средневолжского бассейна (по материалам археологических раскопок) // Зоологический журнал. 2013а. Т. 92. №. 9. С. 1014−1030. Аськеев И.В., Галимова Д.Н., Аськеев О.В. Птицы Среднего Поволжья в V–XVIII вв. н.э. (по материалам археологических раскопок) // Поволжская археология. 2013б. № 3 (5). С. 116–144. Аськеев И.В., Галимова Д.Н., Аськеев О.В. Домашние и дикие птицы из средневековых археологических памятников Среднего Поволжья // Динамика современных экосистем в голоцене / Материалы Третьей Всероссийской научной конференции (с международным участием). Казань: Отечество, 2013в. С. 72–77. Бадеев Д.Ю., Худяков А.В., Шакиров З.Г. Археологические исследования на территории Билярского комплекса в 2016–2017 гг. // Археологические открытия. 2017 год / Отв. ред. Н.В. Лопатин. М.: ИА РАН, 2019. С. 331–334. Галимова Д.Н., Аськеев И.В., Аськеев О.В. Изучение остатков рыб и птиц из археологических раскопок древних городов Биляр, Болгар и Свияжск // Труды IV (XX) Всероссийского археологического съезда в Казани. Т. V. / Отв. ред. А.П. Деревянко, Н.А. Макаров, А.Г. Ситдиков. Казань: Отечество, 2015. С. 35−37. Худяков А.В., Набиуллин Н.Г., Шакиров З.Г., Шорохов М.В. Археологические Раскопки на территории Билярского городища и Балынгузского кладбища в 2018–2019 гг. // Археологические открытия. 2019 год. (В печати). Хузин Ф.Ш., Шакиров З.Г. Археологические исследования на Билярском городище // Археологические открытия. 2015 год / Отв. ред. Н.В. Лопатин. М.: ИА РАН, 2017. С. 326–328. Шаймуратова Д.Н. Особенности изучения субфоссильных остатков рыб и птиц из археологических памятников Среднего Поволжья и их экологическая интерпретация // Российский журнал прикладной экологии. 2016. № 1. С. 8–13. Galimova D.N., Askeyev I.V. and Askeyev O.V. Bird Remains from 5th – 17th Century AD Archaeological Sites in the Middle Volga Region of Russia // International Journal Osteoarchaeology. Special Issue. 2014. P. 347–357. Honka J., Heino M.T., Kvist L., Askeyev I.V., Shaymuratova D.N., Askeyev O.V., Askeyev A.O.,Heikkinen M.E., Searle J.B., Aspi J. Over a thousand years of evolutionary history of domestic geese from Russian archaeological sites, analysed using ancient DNA. 2018. Genes. №9 (7). P. 367. Lebrasseur O., Shaymuratova D., Askeyev A., Asylgaraeva G., Frantz L., Larson G., Askeyev O., Askeyev I. A zooarchaelogical and molecular assessment of ancient Chicken remains from Russia // Поволжская археология. 2021. №1 (35). С. 216–231. Serjeantson D. Birds. Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 512 р.


1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Burns

A Late Pleistocene specimen of the water vole has been recovered from a cave in the Rocky Mountains of southwestern Alberta. Pleistocene records for this species are rare and this specimen is probably the oldest known. The evolutionary history of Microtus richardsoni, although yet uncertain, is tentatively discussed. Information is gained concerning the paleoenvironment of southwestern Alberta during late(?) mid-Wisconsinan time.


Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Honka ◽  
Matti Heino ◽  
Laura Kvist ◽  
Igor Askeyev ◽  
Dilyara Shaymuratova ◽  
...  

The European domestic goose is a widely farmed species known to have descended from the wild greylag goose (Anser anser). However, the evolutionary history of this domesticate is still poorly known. Ancient DNA studies have been useful for many species, but there has been little such work on geese. We have studied temporal genetic variation among domestic goose specimens excavated from Russian archaeological sites (4th–18th centuries) using a 204 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region. Specimens fell into three different genetic clades: the domestic D-haplogroup, the F-haplogroup that includes both wild and domestic geese, and a clade comprising another species, the taiga bean goose. Most of the subfossil geese carried typical domestic D-haplotypes. The domestication status of the geese carrying F-haplotypes is less certain, as the haplotypes identified were not present among modern domestic geese and could represent wild geese (misclassified as domestics), introgression from wild geese, or local domestication events. The bones of taiga bean goose were most probably misidentified as domestic goose but the domestication of bean goose or hybridization with domestic goose is also possible. Samples from the 4th to 10th century were clearly differentiated from the later time periods due to a haplotype that was found only in this early period, but otherwise no temporal or geographical variation in haplotype frequencies was apparent.


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