Role of 1 week of antibiotic prophylaxis before percutaneous nephrolithotomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Sidana ◽  
Nilesh Patil ◽  
James F. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

The Role of Tranexamic Acid in Controlling Bloodloss During PCNL for Staghorn Calculi

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 3745-3748
Author(s):  
Raluca Costina Barbilian ◽  
Victor Cauni ◽  
Bogdan Mihai ◽  
Ioana Buraga ◽  
Mihai Dragutescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Transfusion Rate ◽  
Staghorn Calculi ◽  
Type Of Surgery

The aim of this paper is to assess the efficiency and safety of the tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and the need for transfusion in patients diagnosed with staghorn calculi treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive technique used for large kidney stones. Hemorrhagic complications and urinary sepsis are serious complications associated with this type of surgery. Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic drug that has the property of reducing intra or postoperative bleeding. The experience with tranexamic acid in preventing blood loss during percutaneous nephrolithotomy for is limited. The use tranexamic acid in percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn type stones is safe and is associated with reduced blood loss and a lower transfusion rate.

scholarly journals Periprocedural Peritonitis Prophylaxis: A Summary of the Microbiology and the Role of Systemic Antimicrobials

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Leon Hsueh ◽  
Susie L. Hu ◽  
Ankur D. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Catheter Insertion ◽  
Antibiotic Regimen ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Potential Strategy

Background: Peritonitis is a leading complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). One strategy that the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) has used to help mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with peritonitis is through prevention, including antibiotic prophylaxis utilization in high-risk situations. The aim of this study is to summarize our current understanding of postprocedural peritonitis and discuss the existing data behind periprocedural antibiotic prophylaxis, focusing primarily on PD catheter insertion, dental procedures, colonoscopies, upper endoscopies with gastrostomy, and gynecologic procedures. Summary: The ISPD currently recommends intravenous antibiotics prior to PD catheter insertion, colonoscopies, and invasive gynecologic procedures, though prophylaxis has only demonstrated benefit in a prospective, randomized control setting for PD catheter insertion. However, multiple retrospective studies exist that support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for the other 2 procedures. No specific antibiotic regimen has been established as most optimal to prevent peritonitis for any of the 3 procedures. Antibiotic coverage should include the Enterobacteriaceae family, as well as Gram-positive organisms commonly found on the skin flora for PD catheter insertion, anaerobes for colonoscopies, and common organisms from the urogenital flora in gynecologic procedures. Additionally, the ISPD currently recommends oral amoxicillin prior to dental procedures. There is currently no ISPD recommendation to provide antibiotic prophylaxis prior to an upper endoscopy with or without gastrostomy, though this is a potential area for research. Key Messages: PD patients are at high risk for developing peritonitis after typical procedures. Antibiotic prophylaxis is a potential strategy that the ISPD utilizes to prevent these infections. However, further research needs to be done to determine the optimal antibiotic regimen.

The Aetiological Role of Antibiotic Prophylaxis with Hysterectomy in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (sup1) ◽  
pp. S22-S23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Alun-Jones ◽  
A. J. Wilson ◽  
J. O. Hunter ◽  
R. E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals The role of Ayurveda management in preventing surgical site infections instead of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Yadav ◽  
Sanjay Jain ◽  
Jatinder Chaudhary ◽  
Rahul Bansal ◽  
Manoj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis

scholarly journals Effect of a single preoperative dose of oral antibiotic to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection following below-knee dermatological flap and graft repair

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Rosengren ◽  
Clare Heal ◽  
Petra Buettner
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Double Blind

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) rates for below-knee dermatological surgery are unacceptably high, particularly following complex flap and graft closures. The role of antibiotic prophylaxis for these surgical cases is uncertain. Objective: To determine whether SSI following complex dermatological closures on the leg could be reduced by antibiotic prophylaxis administered as a single oral preoperative dose. Methods: A total of 115 participants were randomized to 2 g of oral cephalexin or placebo 40-60 minutes prior to surgical incision in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at a primary care skin cancer clinic in North Queensland, Australia. Results: Overall 17/55 (30.9%) controls and 14/55 (25.5%) intervention participants developed infection (P = 0.525). There was no difference between the study groups in adverse symptoms that could be attributed to high-dose antibiotic administration (P = 1).

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