Irrigation management practices for maximizing seed yield and water use efficiency of Othello dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in southern Alberta, Canada

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Efetha ◽  
Ted Harms ◽  
Manjula Bandara
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Use Efficiency

Stretching water – Queensland's water use efficiency cotton and grains adoption program

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Goyne ◽  
G.T. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
On Farm

The Cotton and Grains Adoption Program of the Queensland Rural Water Use Efficiency Initiative is targeting five major irrigation regions in the state with the objective to develop better irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) through the adoption of best management practices in irrigation. The major beneficiaries of the program will be industries, irrigators and local communities. The benefits will flow via two avenues: increased production and profit resulting from improved WUE and improved environmental health as a consequence of greatly reduced runoff of irrigation tailwater into rivers and streams. This in turn will reduce the risk of nutrient and pesticide contamination of waterways. As a side effect, the work is likely to contribute to an improved public image of the cotton and grain industries. In each of the five regions, WUE officers have established grower groups to assist in providing local input into the specific objectives of extension and demonstration activities. The groups also assist in developing growersÕ perceptions of ownership of the work. Activities are based around four on-farm demonstration sites in each region where irrigation management techniques and hardware are showcased. A key theme of the program is monitoring water use. This is applied both to on-farm storage and distribution as well as to application methods and in-field management. This paper describes the project, its activities and successes.

Using market research to understand the adoption of irrigation management strategies in the stone and pome fruit industry

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kaine ◽  
D. Bewsell ◽  
A. Boland ◽  
C. Linehan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Pome Fruit ◽  
Managerial Flexibility ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Extension Program

Market research was conducted to develop an extension program targeting the specific irrigation management needs of growers in the stone and pome fruit industry within the Goulburn Valley, Victoria. The process of integrating market research with extension practice proved challenging, as it required the development of an extension program that was fundamentally different from what was originally envisaged. However, it was essential to achieve this integration in order to meet the original objectives for the extension program as set by the funding body. We found, in most cases, that the motivation for stone and pome fruit growers in the Goulburn Valley to change orchard irrigation management practices was not because they needed to save water, or to increase water use efficiency. Instead, growers were changing practices in order to save time irrigating, improve the scope for managerial flexibility in the orchard, or when redeveloping their orchard to a closer planting design. These findings suggest that growers in the Goulburn Valley are more likely to respond to an extension program consistent with these motivations rather than a program promoting water use efficiency.

Stubble management and microclimate, yield and water use efficiency of canola grown in the semiarid Canadian prairie

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Cutforth ◽  
S. V. Angadi ◽  
B. G. McConkey
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Use Efficiency

Standing stubble traps snow and creates a favorable microclimate, which increases yields in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and pulses [chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris L.)]. Generally, the taller the stubble the greater is the effect on microclimate and yield. A field study using farm-scale seeding and harvesting equipment was conducted over four seasons (1999 to 2002) to assess the effect of stubble management on the microclimate, water use and seed yield of argentine canola (Brassica napus L. ‘Arrow’) in the semiarid prairie surrounding Swift Current. Tall (30 cm), short (15 cm) and cultivated stubble treatments were deployed in fall and in spring. An additional tall stubble treatment with extra fertilizer N (application rate recommended for the Black soil zone in the subhumid prairie) was included to assess the role of fertilizer in canola response to stubble management practices. The differences in wind velocity, soil temperature and solar radiation reaching the soil surface indicated significant modification of the microclimate by tall compared with cultivated stubble. Yields were highest from the tall stubble receiving extra fertilizer. Further research is needed to determine optimum fertilizer rates to maximize canola yields in the semiarid prairie. For treatments receiving equivalent rates of fertilizer, tall stubble increased seed yield of canola by about 24% and water use efficiency (WUE) by about 19% compared with stubble cultivated in the fall. Comparing between stubble treatments deployed on fields that overwintered as tall stubble and which received equivalent rates of fertilizer, tall stubble increased canola yield by about 16% and WUE by about 11% compared with cultivated stubble. Crop water use was not affected by stubble management so the increased grain production was due to increased WUE. Key words: Stubble height, microclimate, canola, yield, water use efficiency

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity, Nitrogen Fixation, and Water Use Efficiency in a Panel of Honduran Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces and Modern Genotypes

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Wilker ◽  
Sally Humphries ◽  
Juan Rosas-Sotomayor ◽  
Marvin Gómez Cerna ◽  
Davoud Torkamaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Use Efficiency

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) provides critical nutrition and a livelihood for millions of smallholder farmers worldwide. Beans engage in symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) with Rhizobia. Honduran hillside farmers farm marginal land and utilize few production inputs; therefore, bean varieties with high SNF capacity and environmental resiliency would be of benefit to them. We explored the diversity for SNF, agronomic traits, and water use efficiency (WUE) among 70 Honduran landrace, participatory bred (PPB), and conventionally bred bean varieties (HON panel) and 6 North American check varieties in 3 low-N field trials in Ontario, Canada and Honduras. Genetic diversity was measured with a 6K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, and phenotyping for agronomic, SNF, and WUE traits was carried out. STRUCTURE analysis revealed two subpopulations with admixture between the subpopulations. Nucleotide diversity was greater in the landraces than the PPB varieties across the genome, and multiple genomic regions were identified where population genetic differentiation between the landraces and PPB varieties was evident. Significant differences were found between varieties and breeding categories for agronomic traits, SNF, and WUE. Landraces had above average SNF capacity, conventional varieties showed higher yields, and PPB varieties performed well for WUE. Varieties with the best SNF capacity could be used in further participatory breeding efforts.

Effect of irrigation management on yield and water use efficiency of timothy hay in southern Alberta

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Efetha ◽  
T Dow ◽  
R H McKenzie ◽  
D R Bennett ◽  
R A Hohm
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Consistent Treatment

Timothy hay production for export markets has recently expanded on the Canadian prairies. Irrigation management information for timothy production is limited; therefore, irrigation practices to achieve optimum dry matter (DM) yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of timothy hay were investigated from 2005 to 2007 near Bow Island and Picture Butte, Alberta. Treatments were defined by managing irrigation using 0.25-m, 0.50-m, 0.75-m, and 1.00-m root zone depths with an allowable moisture depletion of 50% of available soil moisture. The 0.25-m root zone treatment resulted in greater first-cut timothy DM yield than the 1.00-m root zone treatment at Bow Island. The 0.50-m root zone treatment resulted in greater first-cut timothy DM yield than the 0.25-m root zone treatment at Picture Butte. Treatment effect on the second-cut DM yield was not significant. Water use for the first-cut crop was significantly greater for the 0.25-m root zone treatment at Bow Island and for the 0.50-m root zone treatment at Picture Butte than the other treatments in 2006 and 2007. There was no consistent treatment effect with the second-cut crop water use. The treatment effect with the first-cut WUE was not significant and there was no consistent treatment effect with the second-cut WUE. Use of a shallow root zone depth (0.25-0.50 m) for irrigation management could optimize first-cut timothy production for export, but producers may need to avoid irrigating the second-cut crop to conserve water for other efficient uses in southern Alberta. Key words: Irrigation management, dry matter, timothy, Phleum pretense, root zone, water use efficiency, allowable depletion, available moisture

scholarly journals EFEITO DE MÉTODOS DE DETERMINAÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS PARA O CONTROLE DA IRRIGAÇÃO NA EFICÊNCIA DO USO DA ÁGUA DO FEIJOEIRO, SOB TRÊS DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE ÁGUA NO SOLO

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-516
Author(s):  
João Baptista Chieppe Júnior ◽  
Ana Lucia Pereira ◽  
Luis Fernando Stone ◽  
José Aluisio Alves Moreira ◽  
Antonio Evaldo Klar
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Parameter Determination ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Reproductive Phase ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Control

EFEITO DE MÉTODOS DE DETERMINAÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS PARA O CONTROLE DA IRRIGAÇÃO NA EFICÊNCIA DO USO DA ÁGUA DO FEIJOEIRO, SOB TRÊS DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE ÁGUA NO SOLO  João Baptista Chieppe Júnior1; Ana Lucia Pereira2; Luis Fernando Stone3; José Aluísio Alves Moreira3; Antônio Evaldo Klar41Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, [email protected] 2Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento, Epitaciolândia, AC,3Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO4Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP  1 RESUMO  O trabalho objetivou estudar o efeito de três métodos de determinação de parâmetros para controle de irrigação, aplicada em diferentes tensões, na eficiência do uso da água (E.U.A.) do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação de três métodos de determinação de parâmetros para controle da irrigação (tensiômetro – curva de retenção da água do solo e tanque USWB “classe A”) e três tensões de água do solo (1:-30 kPa todo ciclo; 2: -60 kPa todo ciclo e 3: -60 kPa fase vegetativa e -30 kPa fase reprodutiva) perfazendo nove tratamentos, obedecendo a um delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso num esquema fatorial 32 e três repetições. Embora não tenha ocorrido efeito significativo, verificou-se, neste ensaio, tendência à elevação da eficiência do uso da água nos tratamentos que utilizaram as tensões de -60 kPa na fase vegetativa e -30 kPa na fase reprodutiva, em todos os métodos de determinação de parâmetros controle da irrigação com uma economia de água, pois se irrigou menos o feijão na fase vegetativa e forneceu mais água na fase reprodutiva, visto que não houve precipitação no período de junho a setembro de 1995, obtendo-se assim ótima produção e, conseqüentemente, maior eficiência do uso da água (E.U.A.). UNITERMOS : tensão da água no solo, irrigação, eficiência do uso da água, Phaseolus vulgaris  CHIEPPE JÚNIOR, J. B.; PEREIRA, A. L.; STONE, L. F.; MOREIRA, J. A. A.; KLAR, A. E. EFFECTS OF PARAMETER DETERMINATION METHODS FOR COMMON BEAN IRRIGATION CONTROL  2 ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to study three methods of parameter determination for irrigation control under different tensions in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The treatments were a combination of three methods of parameter determination for irrigation control (tensiometer, water retention curve,  USWB Class A pan) with three soil water tensions (1:-30 kPa; 2:-60 kPa both for the whole plant cycle; 3:-60 kPa for the vegetative phase and -30 kPa for the reproductive phase). The experimental design was randomized blocks, factorial 32 with three replicates. Although no significant effect on water use efficiency was found, a tendency for increasing water use efficiency in treatments with tensions of -60 kPa at the vegetative phase and -30 kPa at the reproductive phase was observed in all methods of parameter determination for irrigation control. Water was saved as less irrigation was applied during the vegetative phase and more irrigation at the reproductive phase. No precipitation was observed from June to September 1995, leading to a high yield and therefore to a higher water use efficiency. KEY WORDS:  soil water tension , water use efficiency, Phaseolus vulgaris 

scholarly journals Response of bell pepper to water replacement levels and irrigation times

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Henrique Cândido de Souza ◽  
Roberto Rezende ◽  
Marcelo Zolin Lorenzoni ◽  
Fernando André Silva Santos ◽  
Jhonatan Monteiro de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Water Replacement ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT Different irrigation times result in variable transpiration rates, due to the water availability and its interaction with the evapotranspiration demand. The vapor pressure deficit is an accurate indicator of the atmosfere evaporative capacity and can affect plants because of the movement of water in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum system. This study aimed to evaluate the plant growth, yield and water-use efficiency of bell peppers under irrigation times (8 a.m. and 2 p.m.) and water replacement levels (60 %, 80 %, 100 %, 120 % and 140 % of the crop water requirement - ETc) based on the evapotranspiration demand. The increase in the irrigation levels could be fit to linear models for the variables number of fruits per plant, mean and total fruit weight per plant, fruit length, and root, stem and total dry weight. Irrigation at 2 p.m. increased the total and mean fruit weight and number of fruits per plant, as well as fruit length, if compared to the irrigation at 8 a.m., besides increasing the yield by 50.82 % (2,343.0 g plant-1 to 3,533.6 g plant-1) and the water-use efficiency by 55.64 %. In areas subjected to water shortages, establishing irrigation times based on irrigation management practices can increase the water-use efficiency and yield for bell peppers.

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