Slow desiccation leads to high-frequency shoot recovery from transformed somatic embryos of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Coker�310�FR)

Plants of allotetraploid cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (2n = 4x = 52), which are monosomic for chromosome 9 or haplodeficient for the long arm of the chromosome, an Ah genome chromosome, produce a high frequency of aneuploid progeny. The aneuploids include monosomes, trisomes, and multiple monosomic and trisomic combinations that are the result of chromosome nondisjunction, which is induced by the deficiency of the long arm of chromosome 9. Loss of chromosomes occurs far more frequently than additions, and chromosomes of the Ah genome undergo nondisjunction at a significantly greater rate than do chromosomes of the Dh genome. Stained paraffin sections of ovules at different stages of development of monotelodisomic 9 and normal plants (TM1) were analyzed to determine the time and probable causes of nondisjunction during megasporogenesis. The most significant difference between mono 9 and TM1 was observed in ovules in stages of development just before and at the time of flowering. The mono 9 female gametophytes had supernumerary nuclei, indicating that chromosome nondisjunction occurs at the mitotic divisions of the embryo sac.Key words: chromosome nondisjunction, aneuploids, megasporogenesis, cotton, Gossypium hirsutum cytogenetics.

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Evaluation of different carbon sources for high frequency callus culture with reduced phenolic secretion in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cv. SVPR-2

Biotechnology Reports ◽

10.1016/j.btre.2015.05.005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 72-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

G. Prem Kumar ◽

Sivakumar Subiramani ◽

Siva Govindarajan ◽

Vinoth Sadasivam ◽

Vigneswaran Manickam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Callus Culture ◽

High Frequency ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum L

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The Induction of High-Frequency Callus with an Elite Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) from Côte d'Ivoire

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.24297/jbt.v8i0.8503 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1104-1117

Author(s):

Affoué Sylvie Rachelle N'GUESSAN ◽

Koutouan AYOLIE ◽

Sopie Edwige Salomé YAPO ◽

Yao Kouakou Francois KONAN ◽

Achi Laurent N’CHO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Callus Induction ◽

High Frequency ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

The Other ◽

High Quality ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽

Hypocotyl Explants ◽

Cotton Cultivar

In cotton, factors such as carbon sources, hormonal combination, and type of explant influence the responses to callus induction. In this study callus induction was optimized to get high-frequency callus in cotton. Different carbon sources were tested, and among them, glucose at 3% was found to be the best carbohydrate in callus induction. Culture medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.1 mg.L-1) and KIN (0.5 mg.L-1) gave a high callogenesis response, unlike other hormonal combinations. With explants, hypocotyl (72.93%) appeared easier to induce callus than cotyledon (48.75%) following root (37.5%). So, carbone sources, hormone, and their concentration affect significantly callus induction. The highest frequency of callus induction was then observed when hypocotyl explants were cultured on medium supplemented with 0.1 mg.L-1 of 2,4-D in combination with 0.5 mg.L-1 of KIN and 3% glucose. The induced-callus obtained were friable and of high quality. The other types of combinations resulted in the formation of compact callus with sometimes roots emerging from it. The present study may provide an efficient protocol to improve the callogenesis responses by adjusting the carbohydrates, the hormonal regime, and the type of explant to be cultured for a high-frequency callus induction of the Y331B-R5 cotton cultivar.

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