Love thy prickly neighbor? Sea urchin density affects risk assessment in damselfish

Coral Reefs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Cheh ◽  
Neda Fadaee ◽  
Pooneh Kalhori ◽  
Dana M. Williams ◽  
José Anchieta C. C. Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Urchin Density

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Assessment of Vehicle Exhaust Particles on Aquatic Organisms of Different Trophic Levels

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pikula ◽  
Mariya Tretyakova ◽  
Alexander Zakharenko ◽  
Seyed Ali Johari ◽  
Sergey Ugay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Submicron Particles ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust Particles ◽  
The Difference

Vehicle emission particles (VEPs) represent a significant part of air pollution in urban areas. However, the toxicity of this category of particles in different aquatic organisms is still unexplored. This work aimed to extend the understanding of the toxicity of the vehicle exhaust particles in two species of marine diatomic microalgae, the planktonic crustacean Artemia salina, and the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. These aquatic species were applied for the first time in the risk assessment of VEPs. Our results demonstrated that the samples obtained from diesel-powered vehicles completely prevented egg fertilization of the sea urchin S. intermedius and caused pronounced membrane depolarization in the cells of both tested microalgae species at concentrations between 10 and 100 mg/L. The sample with the highest proportion of submicron particles and the highest content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) had the highest growth rate inhibition in both microalgae species and caused high toxicity to the crustacean. The toxicity level of the other samples varied among the species. We can conclude that metal content and the difference in the concentrations of PAHs by itself did not directly reflect the toxic level of VEPs, but the combination of both a high number of submicron particles and high PAH concentrations had the highest toxic effect on all the tested species.

Effects of predators on sea urchin density and habitat use in a southern California kelp forest

2015 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn D. Nichols ◽  
Leah Segui ◽  
Kevin A. Hovel
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Urchin Density

scholarly journals Density of the blue-black urchin Echinotrix diadema (Linnaeus, 1758) in Tomini Bay, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
La Nane ◽  
Alfi Sahri R Baruadi ◽  
Herinda Mardin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Test Diameter ◽  
Urchin Density ◽  
Blue Marlin ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Size

The blue-black urchin has been widely known and utilized as food in the world, including Indonesia because sea urchin gonad can be consumed. However, the utilization of sea urchins in Gorontalo has not been performed. On the other hand, natural resources information is needed as the database for natural resources management in Tomini Bay. The aim of this study is to document the blue-black urchin Echinotrix diadema. This study conducted at Blue Marlin Beach, South Leato, Gorontalo, from November 2019 to December 2020. Sea urchin density was calculated with a 1 m × 1 m transect quadrate that positioned at interval 5 m in distance along 15 m of the transect line at the coral reef ecosystem. In parallel with the measurement of the density, sea urchin test diameter was measured with a Vernier caliper (0.01 mm accuracy), and the water temperature was measured with a thermometer. The results show that the average of sea urchin density is 3 ind. m–2 in November and December and 1 ind.m–2 in January. That density has no significant difference among the month. Moreover, the average size of the sea urchin test diameter is 60 mm in November, 63 mm in December, and 66 mm in January. The seawater temperature is 34 °C in November, 37 °C in December, and 33 °C in January. That results show that sea urchin density in the blue marlin beach is very low.

scholarly journals Demographic structure suggests migration of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus in a coastal lagoon

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Fernandez ◽  
Angela Caltagirone ◽  
Monique Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cymodocea Nodosa ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Mediterranean Lagoon ◽  
Urchin Density ◽  
Sea Grass

The demographic structure of a population of Paracentrotus lividus living in a coastal Mediterranean lagoon was studied in 1990. Analysis of this structure revealed that the population examined was made up of four distinct cohorts which represented individuals 2, 3, 4 and over 4 y of age. The variability in demographic structure as a function of biotope revealed that sea urchin migration occurred from the pebble area (recruitment area, high sea urchin density and overgrazing facies) towards areas made up of Cymodocea nodosa sea grass beds (growth areas, low density and abundant prefered food). These migrations seem to have been caused by food limitation in the former biotope coupled with a shift in diet in young individuals.

scholarly journals Impact of Overfishing on Density and Test-Diameter Size of the Sea Urchin Tripneustes gratilla at Wakatobi Archipelago, South-Eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
La Nane ◽  
Arfiani Rizki Paramata
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Test Diameter ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Urchin Density ◽  
Tripneustes Gratilla

Sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla is one of an economically important fisheries resource product for localities at Wakatobi archipelago. High demands for sea urchin gonad have intensified high fishing activity. The hypothesis of this study is that sea urchins in Wakatobi have been overfished. To answer that hypothesis, the density and its test diameter size were measured at two different sites. Those two sites are Pulau Tomia (resident area) and Pulau Sawa (nonresident area and very distant from the localities). The results show that sea urchin density and its test diameter are significantly different.  The densities (mean±SE) T. gratilla at Pulau Sawa and Pulau Tomia were 10±0.6 (ind.m-2) and 2.7±0.9 ind.m-2, respectively. Moreover, the test diameter at Pulau Sawa and Pulau Tomia were 69.7±2.1 mm and 58.5±1.7 mm (mean±SE), respectively. These results have shown that overfishing has occurred. Therefore, sea urchin with test diameter 66–75 mm, 76–85 mm, and 86–95 mm have disappeared at Pulau Tomia. The Conclusion reveals that fishing of sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla at Pulau Tomia has been overfished.

scholarly journals Impact of overfishing on density and test-diameter size of the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla at Wakatobi Archipelago, south-eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
La Nane
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Test Diameter ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Urchin Density ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Tripneustes Gratilla

AbstractSea urchin Tripneustes gratilla is one of an economic important fisheries resources product for localities at Wakatobi archipelago. High demands for sea urchin gonad have intensified high fishing activity. We hypothesize that sea urchins at Wakatobi have overfished. To answer that hypothesizes; we measure the density and its test diameter size at two different sites. They are Pulau Tomia (inhabited area) and Pulau Sawa (uninhabited area and very distant from the localities). The results show that sea urchin density and its test diameter is significantly different. The densities (mean ± SE) Tripneustes gratilla at Pulau Sawa and Pulau Tomia are 10 ± 0.6 (ind./m2) and 2.7 ± 0.9 ind./m2, respectively. Moreover, the test diameter at Pulau Sawa and Pulau Tomia are 69.7 ± 2.1 mm (mean ± SE), and 58.5 ± 1.7 mm (mean ± SE), respectively. These results have indeed shown that overfishing has occurred. Therefore, sea urchin with test diameter 66–75 mm, 76–85 mm, and 86–95 mm have disappeared at Pulau Tomia. Our conclusion reveals that fishing of sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla at Pulau Tomia has overfished.

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