scholarly journals Image recoloring for color vision deficiency compensation: a survey

Author(s):  
Zhenyang Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyang Mao

AbstractPeople with color vision deficiency (CVD) have a reduced capability to discriminate different colors. This impairment can cause inconveniences in the individuals’ daily lives and may even expose them to dangerous situations, such as failing to read traffic signals. CVD affects approximately 200 million people worldwide. In order to compensate for CVD, a significant number of image recoloring studies have been proposed. In this survey, we briefly review the representative existing recoloring methods and categorize them according to their methodological characteristics. Concurrently, we summarize the evaluation metrics, both subjective and quantitative, introduced in the existing studies and compare the state-of-the-art studies using the experimental evaluation results with the quantitative metrics.

Author(s):  
Alexandre Quaresma

ABSTRACTThe central aim of this article is to reflect critically about current conditions anthropotechnical of humani-ty, something analogous to the state of the art in current technological interface with emerging social realities, and their prospects horizons concerning social conjunctions that are constructed by technological means, paying particular attention to exponential technoscientific developments of Modernity and Post-modernity, these events that cause a sudden change in how we perceive the reality around us and circumscribes, redefining it radically. We will also try to demonstrate that, in fact, determine our technologies to conceive them and Plasma them socially but also just being equally and in opposite direction, determined by these fields important of societal life, since technical and structural technologies (such as genetics, cloning, the bioengenheiramento and transgenias, for example) are interfering deeper in our daily lives, to the point extraordinary and ambiguous they can even determine the biomolecular structure of our carnal constitution, or is, until something reckless and social bioethically talking. We will also launch poignant light on the question of indetermination in relation to the future societies and technologies and the endless and overdeterminations determinism they impose to each other in order to influ-ence mutually back-to extreme peculiarity and plasticity; remembering that the second (technologies) are (and will be) contained in the first (societies), as there could be, and that we humans, so even just getting influences and important deter-minations of both forces and entities. It is also worth noting that there is, in this context, a blatant lack of technologies and technosciences we produce and use, and it is then that we now turn.RESUMOO objetivo central deste artigo é refletir criticamente acerca das atuais condições antropotécnicas da humanidade, algo análogo ao estado da arte tecnológica atual em interface com as realidades sociais emergentes, suas perspectivas e horizontes quanto às conjunções sociais que se constroem por meios tecnológicos, dedicando especial atenção aos exponenciais desenvolvimentos tecnocientíficos da Modernidade e Pós-modernidade, eventos estes que provocam uma súbita mudança na maneira como percebermos a própria realidade que nos circunda e circunscreve, resignificando-a radicalmente. Tentaremos demonstrar também que, de fato, determinamos nossas tecnologias ao concebê-las e plasmá-las socialmente, mas também acabamos sendo, de igual modo e no sentido inverso, determinados por elas em campos importantes da vida societal, já que técnicas e tecnologias estruturantes (como a genética, clonagem, o bioengenheiramento e as transgenias, por exemplo) estão interferindo cada vez mais fundo em nossas vidas cotidianas, chegando ao ponto extraordinário e ambíguo de poderem determinar até mesmo a estruturação biomolecular de nossa constituição carnal, ou seja, algo até temerário social e bioeticamente falando. Lançaremos luz também sobre a pungente questão da indeterminação, no que se refere ao futuro de sociedades e tecnologias, e das infindáveis sobredeterminações e determinismos que estas impõem umas às outras, no sentido de se retro-influenciarem mutuamente com extremada peculiaridade e plasticidade; lembrando sempre que as segundas (tecnologias) estão (e estarão) contidas nas primeiras (sociedades), como não poderia deixar de ser, e que nós, seres humanos, por isso mesmo, acabamos recebendo influências e determinações importantes de ambas as forças e entidades. Vale destacar ainda que existe, neste contexto, um flagrante descontrole sobre as tecnologias e tecnociências que produzimos e usamos, e é disso então que trataremos a seguir.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Alcaraz Martínez ◽  
Mireia Ribera Turró ◽  
Toni Granollers Saltiveri

Abstract Purpose: Statistical charts have an important role in conveying, clarifying and simplifying information, and have a significant presence in fields such as education, scientific research or journalism. Despite numerous advances in the field of digital accessibility, charts are still a challenge for people with low vision and color vision deficiency (CVD) and create barriers that hinder their accessibility. The research presented in this paper aim is to create a heuristic set of indicators to evaluate the accessibility of statistical charts focusing on the needs of people with low vision and CVD. Methods: The set of heuristics presented has been developed based on the methodology by Quiñones et al. (2018), which consists of 8 stages: (1) a state of the art literature review; (2 and 3) analysis and description of the most relevant information obtained from this research; (4, 5, and 6) selection and specification of a first set of heuristics relating them to existing heuristics; (7) validation; and (8) refining the set to obtain a final list of heuristics. Results: A first set of heuristics (17 indicators) has been developed and applied on two heuristic evaluations, and has been amplified to 18 indicators. The final set covers the needs of the user profiles with low vision as well as the needs of the CVD and poor contrast sensitivity users. Conclusion: this research is a first step to widen accessibility requirements to statistical charts and to take into consideration users with low vision and CVD, often forgotten in accessibility research.


2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwen Thomas

This article will provide an overview of the state of the art of contemporary forms of Twitterfiction, discussing the varieties and genres that have emerged to date, and considering the extent to which they could be described as ‘experimental’ based on existing theory. The article will argue that the most innovative examples of Twitterfiction play with key features and affordances of Twitter, but that this in itself may not constitute the kind of artistic experimentation that fundamentally disrupts or changes readers' perceptions or expectations. Moving beyond the current preoccupation with examples of Twitterfiction as ‘short bursts of beauty’, the article will examine whether Twitter can support more sustained and immersive forms of narrative. It will also argue that in order to understand how these fictions work on Twitter we need to look at the narrative environment more broadly, to fully appreciate how these narratives impact on our daily lives, while also (re)connecting us with existing and traditional patterns and practices.


Author(s):  
Quoc-Viet Pham ◽  
Dinh C. Nguyen ◽  
Thien Huynh-The ◽  
Won-Joo Hwang ◽  
Pubudu N. Pathirana

The very first infected novel coronavirus case (COVID-19) was found in Hubei, China in Dec. 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic has spread over 215 countries and areas in the world, and has significantly affected every aspect of our daily lives. At the time of writing this article, the numbers of infected cases and deaths still increase significantly and have no sign of a well-controlled situation, e.g., as of 14 April 2020, a cumulative total of 1,853,265 (118,854) infected (dead) COVID-19 cases were reported in the world. Motivated by recent advances and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data in various areas, this paper aims at emphasizing their importance in responding to the COVID-19 outbreak and preventing the severe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. We firstly present an overview of AI and big data, then identify their applications in fighting against COVID-19, next highlight challenges and issues associated with state-of-the-art solutions, and finally come up with recommendations for the communications to effectively control the COVID-19 situation. It is expected that this paper provides researchers and communities with new insights into the ways AI and big data improve the COVID-19 situation, and drives further studies in stopping the COVID-19 outbreak.


2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 371-399
Author(s):  
Laura Perez-Beltrachini ◽  
Mirella Lapata

The ability to convey relevant and diverse information is critical in multi-document summarization and yet remains elusive for neural seq-to-seq models whose outputs are often redundant and fail to correctly cover important details. In this work, we propose an attention mechanism which encourages greater focus on relevance and diversity. Attention weights are computed based on (proportional) probabilities given by Determinantal Point Processes (DPPs) defined on the set of content units to be summarized. DPPs have been successfully used in extractive summarisation, here we use them to select relevant and diverse content for neural abstractive summarisation. We integrate DPP-based attention with various seq-to-seq architectures ranging from CNNs to LSTMs, and Transformers. Experimental evaluation shows that our attention mechanism consistently improves summarization and delivers performance comparable with the state-of-the-art on the MultiNews dataset


Author(s):  
Matthias Thimm ◽  
Federico Cerutti ◽  
Mauro Vallati

We address the problem of deciding skeptical acceptance wrt. preferred semantics of an argument in abstract argumentation frameworks, i.e., the problem of deciding whether an argument is contained in all maximally admissible sets, a.k.a. preferred extensions. State-of-the-art algorithms solve this problem with iterative calls to an external SAT-solver to determine preferred extensions. We provide a new characterisation of skeptical acceptance wrt. preferred semantics that does not involve the notion of a preferred extension. We then develop a new algorithm that also relies on iterative calls to an external SAT-solver but avoids the costly part of maximising admissible sets. We present the results of an experimental evaluation that shows that this new approach significantly outperforms the state of the art. We also apply similar ideas to develop a new algorithm for computing the ideal extension.


Author(s):  
T. A. Welton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.


2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Amsel
Keyword(s):  

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