Case analyses and numerical simulation of soil thermal impacts on land surface energy budget based on an off-line land surface model

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Weidong ◽  
Sun Shufen ◽  
Qian Yongfu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Surface Model

scholarly journals An Observational Analysis and Evaluation of Land Surface Model Accuracy in the Nebraska Sand Hills

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Radell ◽  
Clinton M. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Latent Heating ◽  
Dry Valley ◽  
The Mean

Abstract In this study, the influence of subsurface water on the energy budget components of three locations with heterogeneous land surfaces in the Nebraska Sand Hills are examined through observations and use of the Noah land surface model (LSM). Observations of the four primary components of the surface energy budget are compared for a wet interdunal meadow valley, a dry interdunal valley, and a dunal upland location. With similar atmospheric forcing at each site, it was determined that differences in the partitioning of the mean diurnal net radiation (Rnet) existed among the three locations due to the influence of varied soil moisture and vegetation through the year. At the wet valley, observations indicated that almost 65% of the mean daily peak Rnet was used for latent heating, due to the relatively higher soil moisture content resulting from an annual upward gradient of subsurface water and denser vegetation. In sharp contrast, the dunal upland site yielded only 21% of the mean daily peak Rnet going to latent heating, and a greater mean diurnal soil heat flux with typically drier soils and sparser vegetation than at the wet valley. The dry valley partition of the peak Rnet fell between the wet valley and dunal upland site, with approximately 50% going to sensible heating and 50% toward latent heating. In addition to the observational analysis, an uncoupled land surface model was forced with the observations from each site to simulate the energy budgets, with no tuning of the model’s fundamental equations and with little adjustment of the model parameters to improve results. While the model was able to reasonably simulate the mean diurnal and annual energy budget components at all locations, in most instances with root-mean-square errors within 20%–25% of the observed values, the lack of explicit treatment of subsurface water within the model limited predictability, particularly at the wet valley site. For instance, only 25% of the peak mean diurnal Rnet went toward latent heating in the model simulation of the wet valley, compared to 65% as estimated by observations. Model evaluation statistics are presented to document the land surface model’s ability to capture the annual and mean diurnal variations in the surface energy budget terms at the dry valley and dunal upland sites, but the absence of subsurface water results in large errors in the wet valley simulation. From these results, a case is made for the future inclusion of the explicit treatment of subsurface water within the Noah LSM to better approximate the prediction of the surface energy budget in such environments.

scholarly journals Modeling the Surface Energy Budget during the Thawing Period of the 2006 Montreal Urban Snow Experiment

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Leroyer ◽  
Jocelyn Mailhot ◽  
Stéphane Bélair ◽  
Aude Lemonsu ◽  
Ian B. Strachan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Sensible Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Thermal Roughness Length

Abstract The Montreal Urban Snow Experiment was dedicated to furthering the understanding of micrometeorological processes involved in the late winter–early spring transition period in a Canadian city. A surface energy budget (SEB) measurement site was installed in a dense residential area of Montreal for several weeks in 2005 and 2006. This paper focuses on the last 6 days of the 2006 experiment (23–28 March 2006), after snowmelt and before vegetation became active, with the objectives of providing a better understanding of physical processes involved during this transition period and examining their impact on the SEB. The Town Energy Balance urban canopy model and the Interactions between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere force–restore land surface model are used in stand-alone mode and are forced with meteorological data measured at the top of a 20-m AGL instrumented tower. Preliminary results reveal deficiencies in the models’ ability to simulate the surface energy budget partitioning, and in particular show overestimation of the sensible heat flux. Sensitivity studies indicate that a large portion of these problems is related to the latent heat transfer involved in natural soil freeze/thaw processes, which has a significant effect on the surface energy budget in this urban area. It is also found that the SEB in this particular situation is very sensitive to the thermal roughness length used for local energy exchange over the roof and road surfaces.

Contribution of lakes in the ORCHIDEE land surface model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Bernus ◽  
Catherine Ottle ◽  
Nina Raoult
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Local Climate

<p>Lakes play a major role on local climate and boundary layer stratification. At global scale, they have been shown to have an impact on the energy budget, (see for example Le Moigne et al., 2016 or Bonan, 1995 ) . To represent the energy budget of lakes at a global scale, the FLake (Mironov et al, 2008) lake model has been coupled to the ORCHIDEE land surface model - the continental part of the IPSL earth system model. By including Flake in ORCHIDEE, we aim to improve the representation of land surface temperature and heat fluxes. Using the standard CMIP6 configuration of ORCHIDEE,  two 40-year simulations were generated (one coupled with FLake and one without) using the CRUJRA meteorological forcing data at a spatial resolution of 0.5°. We compare land surface temperatures and heat fluxes from the two ORCHIDEE simulations and assess the impacts of lakes on surface energy budgets. MODIS satellite land surface temperature products will be used to validate the simulations. We expect a better fit between the simulated land surface temperature and the MODIS data when the FLake configuration is used. The preliminary results of the comparison will be presented.</p>

Modeling evaporation from northern waterbodies, the case of an 85-km2 reservoir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habiba Kallel ◽  
Murray Mackay ◽  
Antoine Thiboult ◽  
Daniel Nadeau ◽  
François Anctil
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Meteorological Models

<p>Freshwater bodies represent 9% of Canada’s total land area, with more than half of these having a surface area smaller than 100 km<sup>2</sup>. Taking into account the interactions between lakes and the atmosphere in meteorological models is crucial, considering the marked differences with the surrounding land masses (low albedo, unlimited source of water, high thermal capacity, etc.). Open water evaporation, in particular, is often a challenge because of its intangible nature and the scarcity of direct observations. This project focuses on the modeling of the surface energy budget of a reservoir located in the boreal biome of eastern Canada, with an emphasis on the evaporation. Observations are available for the 85-km<sup>2</sup> La Romaine 2 hydroelectric reservoir (50.7°N, 63.2°W), where two micrometeorological towers were deployed: one operated yearlong on the shore and one operated on a floating deck during ice-free conditions. Modeling resorts to the Canadian Small Lake Model (CSLM), a one-dimensional land surface model designed to integrate the lake-atmosphere fluxes into meteorological models. The model also simulates the thermal regime of the water body, including ice formation. Lastly, the model can be used for climate and weather prediction, which may be a useful for reservoir management. Comparison of field observations and simulations confirms the CSLM ability to reproduce the turbulent fluxes and the temperature behavior of the reservoir except for some specific periods, in particular the ice breakups and freeze-ups. The model somehow underestimates the water temperature resulting in a premature depletion of the lake heat storage in autumn. It also overreacts to high wind episodes.</p>

Evaporation and land surface energy budget at the Salar de Atacama, Northern Chile

2005 ◽  
Vol 310 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 236-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K. Kampf ◽  
Scott W. Tyler ◽  
Cristián A. Ortiz ◽  
José F. Muñoz ◽  
Paula L. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Northern Chile
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