Impact of the Horizontal Heat Flux in the Mixed Layer on an Extreme Heat Event in North China: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Na ◽  
Riyu Lu ◽  
Bing Lu ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Shiguang Miao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
North China ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Heat Event

scholarly journals Environmental Influences of Extreme Heat on the Health of Older Adults: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 280-280
Author(s):  
Mei Liu ◽  
Carol Buller ◽  
Barbara Polivka ◽  
Terri Woodburn ◽  
Mark Jakubauskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Heat Event

Abstract Studies have suggested that extreme weather events have differential effects by age. By leveraging electronic medical records, we aim to analyze the environmental influence of extreme heat on the health of older adults. From our healthcare system’s de-identified data warehouse, we extracted a retrospective cohort of 108,192 patients who were ≥65 years of age as of 1/1/2018 with pre-existing chronic conditions including diabetes, COPD, cardiovascular disease, or kidney disease. Extreme heat event period was defined as 5/1/2018 to 9/1/2018 (79 days with temperature ≥90o; 15 days of moderately poor/poor air quality index (AQI) [≥75] values) and the comparison period was defined as 5/1/2019 to 9/1/2019 (51 days with temperature ≥90o; 0 days with moderately poor/poor AQI values) in the Kansas City area. We randomly partitioned the study cohort into two sets and demonstrated the two patient sets were statistically similar (p>0.05) with respect to their demographic and underlying health conditions. Finally, we compared the respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal health outcomes between the 2018 and the 2019 cohorts. Most patients were Caucasians, female and had comorbid conditions. Results showed significantly higher number of all-cause emergency department visits (p=0.04) and outpatient visits (p=<.001) during the extreme heat event period in 2018. Analyses also showed significantly higher number of outpatient visits due to upper respiratory diseases (p=0.008) and acute renal failure (p=0.01) in 2018. In conclusion, extreme heat increased use of healthcare services in older adults with chronic conditions.

scholarly journals Building Vulnerability in a Changing Climate: Indoor Temperature Exposures and Health Outcomes in Older Adults Living in Public Housing during an Extreme Heat Event in Cambridge, MA

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusta A. Williams ◽  
John D. Spengler ◽  
Paul Catalano ◽  
Joseph G. Allen ◽  
Jose G. Cedeno-Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Exposure Misclassification ◽  
Building Vulnerability ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Heat Event

In the Northeastern U.S., future heatwaves will increase in frequency, duration, and intensity due to climate change. A great deal of the research about the health impacts from extreme heat has used ambient meteorological measurements, which can result in exposure misclassification because buildings alter indoor temperatures and ambient temperatures are not uniform across cities. To characterize indoor temperature exposures during an extreme heat event in buildings with and without central air conditioning (AC), personal monitoring was conducted with 51 (central AC, n = 24; non-central AC, n = 27) low-income senior residents of public housing in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 2015, to comprehensively assess indoor temperatures, sleep, and physiological outcomes of galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR), along with daily surveys of adaptive behaviors and health symptoms. As expected, non-central AC units (Tmean = 25.6 °C) were significantly warmer than those with central AC (Tmean = 23.2 °C, p < 0.001). With higher indoor temperatures, sleep was more disrupted and GSR and HR both increased (p < 0.001). However, there were no changes in hydration behaviors between residents of different buildings over time and few moderate/several health symptoms were reported. This suggests both a lack of behavioral adaptation and thermal decompensation beginning, highlighting the need to improve building cooling strategies and heat education to low-income senior residents, especially in historically cooler climates.

scholarly journals Lessons Learned from an Extreme Heat Event using ACES for Situational Awareness, Ontario, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy VanStone ◽  
Adam Van Dijk ◽  
Paul Belanger ◽  
Kieran Moore
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Heat Event ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Ed Visits

ObjectiveTo describe the lessons learned for public health decision-makers from an analysis of Acute Care Enhanced Surveillance (ACES) data for the heatwaves experienced in Ontario, Canada in the summer of 2018.IntroductionThe Acute Care Enhanced Surveillance (ACES) system provides syndromic surveillance for Ontario’s acute care hospitals. ACES receives over 99% of acute care records for emergency department (ED) visits; mean daily volume is 17,500 visits. ACES uses a maximum entropy classifier and generates more than 80 standard syndromes, fifteen of which are actively monitored for aberrational activity and are considered of higher public health relevance, including RESP (respiratory infection, non-croup), ILI (influenza-like illness), TOX (toxicological, chemical/drug exposure), AST (asthma), OPI (opioid exposure), CELL (cellulitis), GASTRO (gastroenteritis), ENVIRO (environmental, heat/cold exposure), MH (mental health), EOH (alcohol intoxication), DERM (rash), and SEP (bacteremia, sepsis).Syndromic surveillance provides a salient source of public health surveillance during extreme heat events; monitoring real-time ED visits can inform local public health authorities of health impacts, provide situation awareness to initiate and/or inform public health response, and help decision-makers allocate resources according to geographic (or demographic) vulnerability. While the use of syndromic surveillance has been well-characterized to monitor infectious disease outbreaks, its use to monitor the heat-health impacts is relatively novel for ACES users, specifically local public health authorities. This report describes the the data collected during an extended extreme heat event in Ontario, Canada, to highlight the value of syndromic surveillance during extreme heat events and make recommendations regarding incorporating ACES data into routine workflows.MethodsTemperature data were retrieved from Environment Canada historical databases for mid-June to mid-July 2018. Aggregate counts per day for total ED visits and and for individual syndromes were retrieved from ACES databases. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze all datasets.ResultsAn extreme heat event occurred in the southern region of Ontario in early summer, 2018. Environment Canada issues heat warnings for regions throughout Canada according to region-specific criteria; for southern Ontario, heat warnings are issued when 2 or more consecutive days of daytime maximum temperatures are expected to reach 31°C or when 2 or more consecutive days of humidex values are expected to reach 40. Extended heat warnings are issued when the event lasts beyond 2 days. An extended heat event occurred June 29 to July 5, 2018. Although the region is large, temperature data from Environment Canada’s climate monitoring station at Toronto’s Pearson Airport are shown (Figure 1) as an example of the temperatures observed for this time period in the region.ConclusionsLessons learned from an analysis of ACES data during an extreme heat event:1. The ENVIRO syndrome provides real-time monitoring of the health impacts during a heat event and may provide proxy for estimating the indirect effects of heat (e.g., impacts on chronic conditions). Public health authorities can monitor local health impacts during an extreme heat event.2. Patients seeking help at the ED do not appear to be skewed in acuity, sex nor age. This does not necessarily reflect the population that experiences the greatest impact from extreme heat, but rather those that are seeking help at the ED for the direct effects of heat. That said, an increase in ENVIRO counts does not indicate whether the increase is due to greater exposure to the heat (or sun), engaging in vigorous outdoor activity during the event (recreational or occupational), or lack of access to air conditioning.3. ED visits for ENVIRO can be geolocated to determine areas experiencing greater health impacts. This may allow allocation of resources to specifically address vulnerabilities. ACES has built-in mapping capabilities that allows a geovisualization of the home addresses for patients. Furthermore, aggregate counts for relevant syndromes are available for registered users on the Public Health Information Management System (PHIMS), a web-accessible GIS tool for situational awareness that gives public health decision-makers access to real time health impacts in concert with demographics, weather, and other emergency management information. 

scholarly journals Resilience of rhizosphere microbial predators and their prey communities after an extreme heat event

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav P. Thakur ◽  
Wim H. Putten ◽  
Fariha Apon ◽  
Ezio Angelini ◽  
Branko Vreš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Heat Event

scholarly journals Study on the Spatial Pattern of an Extreme Heat Event by Remote Sensing: A Case Study of the 2013 Extreme Heat Event in the Yangtze River Delta, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4415
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Wu ◽  
Yongming Xu ◽  
Huijuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Extreme Heat Events ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Heat Event ◽  
Heat Pattern ◽  
The Yrd ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta

The intensity and frequency of extreme heat events are increasing globally, which has a great impact on resident health, social life, and ecosystems. Detailed knowledge of the spatial heat pattern during extreme heat events is important for coping with heat disasters. This study aimed to monitor the characteristics of the spatial pattern during the 2013 heat wave in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China, based on the remote sensing estimated gridded air temperature (Ta). Based on the land surface temperature (Ts), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), built-up area, and elevation derived from multi-source satellite data, the daily maximum air temperature (Ta_max) during the heat wave was mapped by the random forest (RF) algorithm. Based on the remotely sensed Ta, heat intensity index (HII) was calculated to measure the spatial pattern of heat during this heat wave. Results indicated that most areas in the YRD suffered from extreme heat, and the heat pattern also exhibited obvious spatial heterogeneity. Cities located in the Taihu Plain and the Hangjiahu Plain generally had high HII values. The northern plain in the YRD showed relatively lower HII values, and mountains in the southern YRD showed the lowest HII values. Heat proportion index (HPI) was calculated to qualify the overall heat intensity of each city in the YRD. Wuxi, Changzhou, and Shanghai showed the highest HPI values, indicating that the overall heat intensities in these cities were higher than others. Yancheng, Zhoushan, and Anqing ranked last. This study provides a good reference for understanding the pattern of heat during heat waves in the YRD, which is valuable for heat wave disaster prevention.

scholarly journals Frequency of Extreme Heat Event as a Surrogate Exposure Metric for Examining the Human Health Effects of Climate Change

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e0144202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Romeo Upperman ◽  
Jennifer Parker ◽  
Chengsheng Jiang ◽  
Xin He ◽  
Raghuram Murtugudde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Heat Event ◽  
Human Health Effects

Monitoring Spatio-temporal Variance of an Extreme Heat Event Using Multiple-source Remote Sensing Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanyou Zhu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Junwei Hua ◽  
Guixin Zhang ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Multiple Source ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Extreme Heat Event ◽  
Temporal Variance ◽  
Heat Event ◽  
Spatio Temporal
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document