Climatic changes in Eurasia and Africa at the last glacial maximum and mid-Holocene: reconstruction from pollen data using inverse vegetation modelling

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 211-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Wu ◽  
Joël Guiot ◽  
Simon Brewer ◽  
Zhengtang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Vegetation Modelling ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

scholarly journals Impact of CO<sub>2</sub> and climate on the Last Glacial Maximum vegetation: results from the ORCHIDEE/IPSL models

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-N. Woillez ◽  
M. Kageyama ◽  
G. Krinner ◽  
N. de Noblet-Ducoudré ◽  
N. Viovy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Global Vegetation ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Vegetation reconstructions from pollen data for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 21 ky ago, reveal lanscapes radically different from the modern ones, with, in particular, a massive regression of forested areas in both hemispheres. Two main factors have to be taken into account to explain these changes in comparison to today's potential vegetation: a generally cooler and drier climate and a lower level of atmospheric CO2. In order to assess the relative impact of climate and atmospheric CO2 changes on the global vegetation, we simulate the potential modern vegetation and the glacial vegetation with the dynamical global vegetation model ORCHIDEE, driven by outputs from the IPSL_CM4_v1 atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, under modern or glacial CO2 levels for photosynthesis. ORCHIDEE correctly reproduces the broad features of the glacial vegetation. Our modelling results support the view that the physiological effect of glacial CO2 is a key factor to explain vegetation changes during glacial times. In our simulations, the low atmospheric CO2 is the only driver of the tropical forests regression, and explains half of the response of temperate and boreal forests to glacial conditions. Our study shows that the sensitivity to CO2 changes depends on the background climate over a region, and also depends on the vegetation type, needleleaf trees being much more sensitive than broadleaf trees in our model. This difference of sensitivity leads to a dominance of broadleaf types in the remaining simulated forests, which is not supported by pollen data, but nonetheless suggests a potential impact of CO2 on the glacial vegetation assemblages. It also modifies the competitivity between the trees and makes the amplitude of the response to CO2 dependent on the initial vegetation state.

scholarly journals Impact of CO<sub>2</sub> and climate on the Last Glacial Maximum vegetation

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-N. Woillez ◽  
M. Kageyama ◽  
G. Krinner ◽  
N. de Noblet-Ducoudré ◽  
N. Viovy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Global Vegetation ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Vegetation reconstructions from pollen data for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 21 kyr ago, reveal lanscapes radically different from the modern ones, with, in particular, a massive regression of forested areas in both hemispheres. Two main factors have to be taken into account to explain these changes in comparison to today's potential vegetation: a generally cooler and drier climate and a lower level of atmospheric CO2. In order to assess the relative impact of climate and atmospheric CO2 changes on the global vegetation, we simulate the potential modern vegetation and the glacial vegetation with the dynamical global vegetation model ORCHIDEE, driven by outputs from the IPSL_CM4_v1 atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, under modern or glacial CO2 levels for photosynthesis. ORCHIDEE correctly reproduces the broad features of the glacial vegetation. Our modelling results support the view that the physiological effect of glacial CO2 is a key factor to explain vegetation changes during glacial times. In our simulations, the low atmospheric CO2 is the only driver of the tropical forests regression, and explains half of the response of temperate and boreal forests to glacial conditions. Our study shows that the sensitivity to CO2 changes depends on the background climate over a region, and also depends on the vegetation type, needleleaf trees being much more sensitive than broadleaf trees in our model. This difference of sensitivity leads to a dominance of broadleaf types in the remaining simulated forests, which is not supported by pollen data, but nonetheless suggests a potential impact of CO2 on the glacial vegetation assemblages. It also modifies the competitivity between the trees and makes the amplitude of the response to CO2 dependent on the initial vegetation state.

scholarly journals Bioclimatic modeling in the Last Glacial Maximum, Mid-Holocene and facing future climatic changes in the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0210062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Margarida Ribeiro ◽  
Natália Roque ◽  
Sílvia Ribeiro ◽  
Catarina Gavinhos ◽  
Isabel Castanheira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Strawberry Tree ◽  
Bioclimatic Modeling ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Continental/Cordilleran ice interactions: a dominant cause of westward super-elevation of the last glacial maximum continental ice limit in southwestern Alberta, Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Little ◽  
Lionel E. Jackson ◽  
Thomas S. James ◽  
Stephen R. Hicock ◽  
Elizabeth R. Leboe
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial
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