Effect of fat on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels after a single oral dose of vitamin D in young healthy adults: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study

Abstract Context: Bread can potentially be a suitable vehicle for fortification with vitamin D. Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the following: 1) the bioavailability of vitamin D from the fortified Iranian bread and 2) the possible effects of daily consumption of the fortified bread on certain health aspects. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted over 8 weeks in 90 healthy subjects aged 20–60 years. Intervention: Subjects were randomly allocated to one of three groups: 1) fortified bread (FP; 50 g bread fortified with 25 μg vitamin D3 plus placebo daily; n = 30); 2) supplement (SP; 50 g plain bread plus 25 μg vitamin D supplement daily; n = 30); and 3) control (CP; 50 g plain bread plus placebo daily; n = 30). Outcome Measures: Initial and final anthropometric and biochemical assessments were performed. Results: The within-group changes of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were 39.0 ± 22.6 (P < .001), 28.9 ± 31.2 (P < .001), and −9.2 ± 12.3 nmol/L in the FP, SP, and CP groups, respectively. Only in FP and SP groups, serum intact PTH concentrations decreased approximately 13.5% and 14.5%, respectively. Visceral fat also showed a significant decrement in FP (−1.05% ± 1.4%; P ≤ .001) and SP (−0.96% ± 1.7%; P = .006). Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration showed a within-group reduction in FP (−10.4 ± 11.2 mg/dL; P < .001) and an insignificant decrement in SP (−6.6 ± 20.2 mg/dL; P = .083). Serum high-density lipoprotein increased in both vitamin D-supplemented groups (FP: 9.7 ± 7.6 vs SP: 5.7 ± 6.7 mg/dL; P < .001). Conclusion: Vitamin D-fortified bread could be potentially effective in raising circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of the population to nearly adequate levels.

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Using Activities of Daily Living Assessments to Measure the Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplements in Elderly Long-Stay Patients

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/030802268705000208 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 60-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

D Corless ◽

M Ellis ◽

E Dawson ◽

F Fraser ◽

S Evans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Double Blind ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Supplements

Selected activities of daily living were used to measure improvement in independence of long-stay elderly patients known to have low concentrations of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D. This was a double-blind random controlled trial lasting between 8 and 40 weeks. No significant changes were found in either group.

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Bioavailability and Safety of Vitamin D3 from Pizza Baked with Fortified Mozzarella Cheese: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research ◽

10.3148/cjdpr-2015-015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 109-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Banaz Al-Khalidi ◽

Winnie Chiu ◽

Dérick Rousseau ◽

Reinhold Vieth

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Dose Group ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

High Dose Group ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

High Dose ◽

Mozzarella Cheese ◽

Double Blind ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Purpose: To assess the bioavailability and safety of vitamin D3 from fortified mozzarella cheese baked on pizza. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind trial, 96 apparently healthy, ethnically diverse adults were randomized to consume 200 IU or 28 000 IU vitamin D3 fortified mozzarella cheese with pizza once weekly for a total of 8 weeks. Blood and urine samples were collected at baseline (week 1) and final (week 10) visits for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and other biochemical measures. The primary outcome compared serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D between groups at 10 weeks. The secondary outcome evaluated the safety of vitamin D dosing protocol as measured by serum and urine calcium, phosphate, creatinine, and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH). Results: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D increased by 5.1 ± 11 nmol/L in the low-dose group (n = 47; P = 0.003), and by 73 ± 22 nmol/L in the high-dose group (n = 49; P < 0.0001). None of the subjects in either group developed any adverse events during the supplementation protocol. Serum PTH significantly decreased in the high-dose group only (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Vitamin D3 is safe and bioavailable from fortified mozzarella cheese baked on pizza.

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Variation of circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels with life style in a cohort group in Sri Lanka

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-06-2018-0168 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 506-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shirani Ranasinghe ◽

Thilak Jayalath ◽

Sampath Thennakoon ◽

Ranjith Jayasekara ◽

Ran Shiva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Feeding Habits ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Content Type ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Purpose Purpose of this study is to measure the Vitamin D status of healthy adults and to correlate with their lifestyle and feeding habits. Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is the most common marker of vitamin D status of an individual. Deficiency of vitamin D is defined as the serum level less than 20 ng/mL and insufficiency as 30 ng/mL which can be prevented. Design/methodology/approach Vitamin D status of healthy adults (n = 82), both male and females between the age of 18 – 50 years who were attending to the National Transport Authority, Kandy, Sri Lanka from February to March 2016, was measured and correlated with their lifestyle, feeding habits, etc. Findings The mean total serum D (25(OH)D in this study was 40.15 ± 3.74 nmol/l with the mean value of 42.8 ± 28.8 and 37.5 ± 16.6 for women and men, respectively. The serum calcium levels of both female and male were around 8 mg/dl and the serum total protein was 6.5 and 7 g/dl in women and men, respectively. The serum Vitamin D, calcium and total protein were not statistically significantly different between the sexes. In this study, 84 per cent of the total subjects were normocalcemic, and there was no signiﬁcant relationship between vitamin D levels and their calcium levels. Research limitations/implications This study demonstrates that there was no statistically significant correlation between the serum vitamin D with age, serum calcium or total proteins. The majority of participants who had exposure to the sunlight more than 30 mins/day had sufficient level of vitamin D and less than 30 min/day exposure had deficiency of vitamin D. Daily intake of multivitamin influenced vitamin D status of the study group. Practical implications These findings will implicate the importance of cultural, feed and social habits for the nutritional status of an individual.and there are no reported studies on vitamin D status with reference to the variation of life style. Social implications It is very important to investigate the factors affecting to the vitamin D status of a population as such, vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency can be prevented. In Sri Lanka, the population is consisting with many ethnic groups, different ethnic groups may find some nutritional problems according to their main cultural habits. Originality/value The objectives of this study are to evaluate the Vitamin D status in a group of healthy adults between 20 and 50 years in both men and women and to find out the correlation of their vitamin D status with their lifestyle and feeding habits, etc.

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Effect of supplementation with vitamin D2-enhanced mushrooms on vitamin D status in healthy adults

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2013.22 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Magdalena Stepien ◽

Louise O'Mahony ◽

Aifric O'Sullivan ◽

John Collier ◽

William D. Fraser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Group A ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractVitamin D deficiency is emerging worldwide and many studies now suggest its role in the development of several chronic diseases. Due to the low level of vitamin D naturally occurring in food there is a need for supplementation and use of vitamin D-enhanced products. The aim of the present study was to determine if daily consumption of vitamin D2-enhanced mushrooms increased vitamin D status in free-living healthy adults or affected markers of the metabolic syndrome. A total of ninety volunteers (aged 40–65 years) were randomly assigned to one of two 4-week studies: mushroom study (15 µg vitamin D2 or placebo mushroom powder) and capsule study (15 µg vitamin D3 or placebo capsules). Consumption of vitamin D2-enhanced mushrooms increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2) by 128 % from baseline (3·9 (sd 1·9) nmol/l; P < 0·05). Serum 25(OH)D3 increased significantly in the vitamin D3 capsule group (a 55 % increase from a baseline of 44.0 (sd 17·1) nmol/l; P < 0·05). Vitamin D status (25(OH)D) was affected only in the vitamin D3 group. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was lowered by vitamin D2 intake. Vitamin D2 from enhanced mushrooms was bioavailable and increased serum 25(OH)D2 concentration with no significant effect on 25(OH)D3 or total 25(OH)D.

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Vitamin D3supplementation in healthy adults: a comparison between capsule and oral spray solution as a method of delivery in a wintertime, randomised, open-label, cross-over study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114516003470 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 116 (8) ◽

pp. 1402-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Joshua J. Todd ◽

Emeir M. McSorley ◽

L. Kirsty Pourshahidi ◽

Sharon M. Madigan ◽

Eamon Laird ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Open Label ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Spray Solution ◽

Washout Phase ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Spray Form

AbstractVitamin D is typically supplied in capsule form, both in trials and in clinical practice. However, little is known regarding the efficacy of vitamin D administered via oral sprays – a method that primarily bypasses the gastrointestinal absorption route. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of vitamin D3liquid capsules and oral spray solution in increasing wintertime total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. In this randomised, open-label, cross-over trial, healthy adults (n22) received 3000 IU (75 µg) vitamin D3daily for 4 weeks in either capsule or oral spray form. Following a 10-week washout phase, participants received the opposite treatment for a final 4 weeks. Anthropometrics and fasted blood samples were obtained before and after supplementation, with samples analysed for total 25(OH)D, creatinine, intact parathyroid hormone and adjusted Ca concentrations. At baseline, vitamin D sufficiency (total 25(OH)D>50 nmol/l), insufficiency (31–49 nmol/l) and clinical deficiency (<30 nmol/l) were evident in 59, 23 and 18 % of the participants, respectively. Overall, baseline total mean 25(OH)D concentration averaged 59·76 (sd29·88) nmol/l, representing clinical sufficiency. ANCOVA revealed no significant difference in the mean and standard deviation change from baseline in total 25(OH)D concentrations between oral spray and capsule supplementation methods (26·15 (sd17·85)v. 30·38 (sd17·91) nmol/l, respectively;F=1·044, adjustedr20·493,P=0·313). Oral spray vitamin D3is an equally effective alternative to capsule supplementation in healthy adults.

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A 250 μg/week dose of vitamin D was as effective as a 50 μg/d dose in healthy adults, but a regimen of four weekly followed by monthly doses of 1250 μg raised the risk of hypercalciuria

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451300113x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 110 (10) ◽

pp. 1866-1872 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sara R. Zwart ◽

Howard Parsons ◽

Michael Kimlin ◽

Sheila M. Innis ◽

James P. Locke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Side Effects ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Dietary Vitamin D

The risk of vitamin D insufficiency is increased in persons having limited sunlight exposure and dietary vitamin D. Supplementation compliance might be improved with larger doses taken less often, but this may increase the potential for side effects. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a weekly or weekly/monthly regimen of vitamin D supplementation is as effective as daily supplementation without increasing the risk of side effects. Participants were forty-eight healthy adults who were randomly assigned for 3 months to placebo or one of three supplementation regimens: 50 μg/d (2000 IU/d, analysed dose 70 μg/d), 250 μg/week (10 000 IU/week, analysed dose 331 μg/week) or 1250 μg/week (50 000 IU/week, analysed dose 1544 μg/week) for 4 weeks and then 1250 μg/month for 2 months. Daily and weekly doses were equally effective at increasing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which was significantly greater than baseline in all the supplemented groups after 30 d of treatment. Subjects in the 1250 μg treatment group, who had a BMI >26 kg/m2, had a steady increase in urinary Ca in the first 3 weeks of supplementation, and, overall, the relative risk of hypercalciuria was higher in the 1250 μg group than in the placebo group (P= 0·01). Although vitamin D supplementation remains a controversial issue, these data document that supplementing with ≤ 250 μg/week ( ≤ 10 000 IU/week) can improve or maintain vitamin D status in healthy populations without the risk of hypercalciuria, but 24 h urinary Ca excretion should be evaluated in healthy persons receiving vitamin D3 supplementation in weekly single doses of 1250 μg (50 000 IU).

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