Differences in single positive formal thought disorder symptoms between closely matched acute patients with schizophrenia and mania

AbstractFormal thought disorders (FTD) are a hallmark diagnostic feature of schizophrenia (SZ) and (bipolar) mania (MA). FTD can be separated into positive (pFTD) and negative dimensions. It is unclear whether there are differences in pFTD on a single symptom level between acutely ill patients with SZ and MA, which cannot be attributed to cognitive impairment. We compared single pFTD symptoms in two groups of acutely ill patients with ICD-10 bipolar mania and schizophrenia, closely matched for age, sex, pFTD TALD score, verbal IQ and neuropsychological test performance (executive function, verbal fluency, attention, and working memory). SZ patients had higher severity of the TALD symptoms “perseverations” and “poverty of content of speech” than those with MA (Mann–Whitney U, significant, Bonferroni corrected). Speech in acute SZ patients differs from MA in that it conveys little information and adheres to previously mentioned ideas and topics. Matching for confounding variables, such as IQ and cognition, is important when comparing patients with different diagnoses.

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Exacerbates Emotional Complaints but not Cognitive Impairments in Individuals Suffering from Postconcussional Disorder after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie ◽

10.1024/1016-264x/a000132 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 35-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sara C. Schroeder ◽

Ronald M. Ruff ◽

Lutz Jäncke

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Test Performance ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Composite Scale

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on (a) neuropsychological test performance and (b) self-reported emotional complaints within individuals suffering from postconcussional disorder (PCD) after a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). A two-group comparative research design was employed. Two MTBI samples with and without PTSD were assessed with a neuropsychological test battery and the Ruff Neurobehavioral Inventory (RNBI). On the neurocognitive test performances no significant between group differences were found, but the MTBI group with PTSD endorsed a significantly greater number of emotional complaints, especially in the RNBI subscales of anxiety and depression. The patients with PTSD also endorsed a significantly greater number of premorbid sequelae in the RNBI emotional composite scale as well as the RNBI premorbid subscales of pain, anxiety and abuse. In sum, PTSD has a negative impact on emotional but not cognitive functioning within individuals suffering from PCD after a mild TBI.

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Third Party Observers and Neuropsychological Test Performance: A Meta-Analysis

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e629922010-001 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Angela D. Eastvold ◽

Pamela M. Dean ◽

Heather Belanger ◽

Rodney D. Vanderploeg

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Third Party

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Supplemental Material for Neuropsychological Test Performance in Depressed and Nondepressed Collegiate Athletes Following Concussion

Neuropsychology ◽

10.1037/neu0000582.supp ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Collegiate Athletes

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Every second counts: A comparison of four dot counting test scoring procedures for detecting invalid neuropsychological test performance.

Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1037/pas0000970 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tasha Rhoads ◽

Zachary J. Resch ◽

Gabriel P. Ovsiew ◽

Daniel J. White ◽

Dayna A. Abramson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Test Scoring

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Neuropsychological test performance in soldiers with blast-related mild TBI.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.3060962.2742061 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

James J Hill III

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Mild Tbi

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Halstead-Reitan Test Battery: A Problem of Differential Diagnosis

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/003151258005000249 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 611-630

Author(s):

Irmingard I. Lenzer

Keyword(s):

Brain Damage ◽

Test Performance ◽

Construct Validation ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Summary Score ◽

Test Battery ◽

Medical Patients ◽

Test Taking ◽

Limited Applicability ◽

Schizophrenic Patients

The Halstead-Reitan Test Battery is one of the most widely recognized neuropsychological test batteries. Many claims have been made as to its validity. Despite these claims, doubts persist. A critical review of the literature shows that the battery can separate brain-damaged patients from normal patients, general medical patients, and patients with certain psychiatric disorders. However, the battery cannot separate brain-damaged patients as a group from schizophrenics as a group, though in individual cases there may exist pathognomonic signs indicating brain damage. The impairment index, as a summary score of the basic tests, as well as other “methods of inference,” fail at this point. Four alternatives are discussed. First, brain-damaged patients differ from schizophrenic patients not in test performance but in test-taking behavior. Second, the battery is a valid measure of brain damage but has limited applicability. Third, the battery is a measure not of brain damage but of degree of degradation of psychological processes. And fourth, schizophrenics perform poorly on the battery because they have undetected brain damage. Only the third and fourth alternatives appear viable. Both question the validity of the traditional criteria of brain damage. It is argued that future validation studies of the battery should be of construct validation type and not of the criterion-oriented type, as these are defined by Cronbach and Meehl (1955). Possible procedures for construct validation are briefly discussed.

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Neuropsychological Test Performance in Framingham: A Descriptive Study

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/0033294187060003-201.1 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 60 (3_part_2) ◽

pp. 1023-1040

Author(s):

Mary E. Farmer ◽

Lon R. White ◽

Steven J. Kittner ◽

Edith Kaplan ◽

Elizabeth Moes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Tests ◽

Language Skills ◽

Community Sample ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Abstract Thinking ◽

Framingham Study ◽

Hearing Impairments

In 1976–1978, a battery of eight neuropsychologic tests was administered to 2,123 participants in the Framingham Study aged 55 to 89 yr. The battery was designed to sample multiple areas of cognitive function including language skills, memory, learning, reproduction of designs, attention, and abstract thinking. Performance is described for several groups in this population: a large community-dwelling sample, those with hearing impairments, and those with documented strokes. Performance is described by age, sex, and education strata for the community sample. This normative information should be useful for interpreting individual test performance on neuropsychological tests.

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Establishing the base rate of performance invalidity in a clinical electrical injury sample: Implications for neuropsychological test performance

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology ◽

10.1080/13803395.2021.1914002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 213-223

Author(s):

Zachary J. Resch ◽

Jessica L. Paxton ◽

Maximillian A. Obolsky ◽

Franchezka Lapitan ◽

Bailey Cation ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Base Rate ◽

Electrical Injury

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The Relation between Inflammation and Neuropsychological Test Performance

International Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.1155/2012/703871 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Valerie H. Balldin ◽

James R. Hall ◽

Robert C. Barber ◽

Linda Hynan ◽

Ramon Diaz-Arrastia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Verbal Memory ◽

Test Performance ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Longitudinal Research ◽

Neuropsychological Functioning ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Differential Relation ◽

Markers Of Inflammation ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background. Considerable research documents an association between pro- and anti-inflammatory markers and Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the differential relation between these markers and neuropsychological functioning in AD and nondemented controls has received less attention. The current study sought to evaluate the relationship between peripheral markers of inflammation (both pro- and anti-inflammatory) and neuropsychological functioning through the Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium (TARCC) cohort.Methods. There were 320 participants (Probable ADn=124, Controlsn=196) in the TARCC Longitudinal Research Cohort available for analysis. Regression analyses were utilized to examine the relation between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers and neuropsychological functioning. Follow-up analyses were conducted separately by case versus control status.Results. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers were found to be associated with neuropsychological testing. Third tertile proinflammatory markers were negatively associated with measures of attention and language, and anti-inflammatory markers were positively associated with measures of immediate verbal memory and delayed verbal and visual memory.Conclusions. These findings support the link between peripheral inflammatory markers and neuropsychological functioning and suggest the utility of examining profiles of inflammatory markers in the future.

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