Paternal age and specific neurological soft signs as reliable and valid neurobiological markers for the diagnosis of patients with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis ◽  
Panagiotis Panagiotidis ◽  
Thomas Tegos ◽  
Vasileios Kimiskidis ◽  
Ioannis Nimatoudis
Keyword(s):  
Paternal Age ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs

Parental breeding age effects on descendants’ longevity interact over two generations in matrilines and patrilines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zac Wylde ◽  
Foteini Spagopoulou ◽  
Amy K Hooper ◽  
Alexei A Maklakov ◽  
Russell Bonduriansky
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Two Generations

Individuals within populations vary enormously in mortality risk and longevity, but the causes of this variation remain poorly understood. A potentially important and phylogenetically widespread source of such variation is maternal age at breeding, which typically has negative effects on offspring longevity. Here, we show that paternal age can affect offspring longevity as strongly as maternal age does, and that breeding age effects can interact over two generations in both matrilines and patrilines. We manipulated maternal and paternal ages at breeding over two generations in the neriid fly Telostylinus angusticollis. To determine whether breeding age effects can be modulated by the environment, we also manipulated larval diet and male competitive environment in the first generation. We found separate and interactive effects of parental and grandparental ages at breeding on descendants’ mortality rate and lifespan in both matrilines and patrilines. These breeding age effects were not modulated by grandparental larval diet quality or competitive environment. Our findings suggest that variation in maternal and paternal ages at breeding could contribute substantially to intra-population variation in mortality and longevity.

Offspring sex ratio in moose Alces alces in relation to paternal age: an experiment

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernt-Erik Sæther ◽  
Erling J. Solberg ◽  
Morten Heim ◽  
John E. Stacy ◽  
Kjetill S. Jakobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Offspring Sex

scholarly journals Development of thalamus mediates paternal age effect on offspring reading: A preliminary investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Xia ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Roeland Hancock ◽  
Maaike Vandermosten ◽  
Fumiko Hoeft
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Paternal Age Effect

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Nondisjunction in Mice Heterozygous for a Robertsonian Translocation

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 1219-1224
Author(s):  
Lara A Underkoffler ◽  
Laura E Mitchell ◽  
A Russell Localio ◽  
Shannon M Marchegiani ◽  
Justin Morabito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Robertsonian Translocation ◽  
Metacentric Chromosome ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Chromosome 7 ◽  
Parental Origin ◽  
Molecular Genotyping ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Meiotic Nondisjunction ◽  
Acrocentric Chromosomes

Abstract A Robertsonian translocation results in a metacentric chromosome produced by the fusion of two acrocentric chromosomes. Rb heterozygous mice frequently generate aneuploid gametes and embryos, providing a good model for studying meiotic nondisjunction. We intercrossed mice heterozygous for a (7.18) Robertsonian translocation and performed molecular genotyping of 1812 embryos from 364 litters with known parental origin, strain, and age. Nondisjunction events were scored and factors influencing the frequency of nondisjunction involving chromosomes 7 and 18 were examined. We concluded the following: The frequency of nondisjunction among 1784 embryos (3568 meioses) was 15.9%.Nondisjunction events were distributed nonrandomly among progeny. This was inferred from the distribution of the frequency of trisomics and uniparental disomics (UPDs) among all litters.There was no evidence to show an effect of maternal or paternal age on the frequency of nondisjunction.Strain background did not play an appreciable role in nondisjunction frequency.The frequency of nondisjunction for chromosome 18 was significantly higher than that for chromosome 7 in males.The frequency of nondisjunction for chromosome 7 was significantly higher in females than in males. These results show that molecular genotyping provides a valuable tool for understanding factors influencing meiotic nondisjunction in mammals.

The relative and interactive impact of multiple risk factors in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a combined register-based and clinical twin study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. Lemvigh ◽  
R. Brouwer ◽  
R. Hilker ◽  
S. Anhøj ◽  
L. Baandrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Multiple Risk

Abstract Background Research has yielded evidence for genetic and environmental factors influencing the risk of schizophrenia. Numerous environmental factors have been identified; however, the individual effects are small. The additive and interactive effects of multiple risk factors are not well elucidated. Twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia offer a unique opportunity to identify factors that differ between patients and unaffected co-twins, who are perfectly matched for age, sex and genetic background. Methods Register data were combined with clinical data for 216 twins including monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) proband pairs (one or both twins having a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis) and MZ/DZ healthy control (HC) pairs. Logistic regression models were applied to predict (1) illness vulnerability (being a proband v. HC pair) and (2) illness status (being the patient v. unaffected co-twin). Risk factors included: A polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia, birth complications, birth weight, Apgar scores, paternal age, maternal smoking, season of birth, parental socioeconomic status, urbanicity, childhood trauma, estimated premorbid intelligence and cannabis. Results The PRS [odds ratio (OR) 1.6 (1.1–2.3)], childhood trauma [OR 4.5 (2.3–8.8)], and regular cannabis use [OR 8.3 (2.1–32.7)] independently predicted illness vulnerability as did an interaction between childhood trauma and cannabis use [OR 0.17 (0.03–0.9)]. Only regular cannabis use predicted having a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis between patients and unaffected co-twins [OR 3.3 (1.1–10.4)]. Conclusion The findings suggest that several risk factors contribute to increasing schizophrenia spectrum vulnerability. Moreover, cannabis, a potentially completely avoidable environmental risk factor, seems to play a substantial role in schizophrenia pathology.

Paternal age over 50 years decreases assisted reproductive technology (ART) success: A single UK center retrospective analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1858-1867
Author(s):  
Guy Morris ◽  
Dimitrios Mavrelos ◽  
Rabi Odia ◽  
Xavier Viñals Gonzalez ◽  
Suzanne Cawood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Paternal Age

scholarly journals Paternal factors and adverse birth outcomes in Lanzhou, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Jie Qiu ◽  
Ling Lv ◽  
Baohong Mao ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Paternal Factors ◽  
Low Education

Abstract Background Many maternal factors are known to be associated with adverse birth outcomes, but studies about paternal factors yielded inconsistent conclusions. The study was to assess whether paternal factors are associated with low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB), and small for gestational age (SGA). Methods A birth cohort study was conducted in 2010–2012 at the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, the largest maternity and childcare hospital in Lanzhou, China. Paternal age, ethnicity, educational level, height, weight, smoking, and drinking were collected. Birth outcomes and pregnancy complications were extracted from the medical records. Results During the study period, 10,121 participants were included; the overall prevalence of LBW, PTB, and SGA was 7.2, 9.9, and 7.8%, respectively. Paternal higher height (OR = 0.64 95%CI: 0.49, 0.83), higher weight (P for trend < 0.001), and higher BMI (P for trend < 0.001) could decrease the rate of LBW. Paternal higher education (OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.71) and higher weight (P for trend < 0.001,) were associated with lower rate of PTB. Fathers who smoked more than 6 pack-years were associated with PTB (OR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.61). Paternal BMI > 23.9 kg/m2 (P for trend < 0.001,) and paternal education which above college (OR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.50, 0.82) were associated with a lower rate of SGA. Conclusion Paternal low education is independently associated with PTB and SGA. Paternal heavy smoking is associated with PTB. Low paternal weight/BMI is independently associated with LBW, PTB, and SGA.

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