SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling electron microscopy to study the two-dimensional distribution of integral membrane proteins and phospholipids in biomembranes: practical procedure, interpretation and application

1997 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushi Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Integral Membrane Proteins ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Practical Procedure ◽  
Dimensional Distribution

Image Analysis of Intramembrane Particles in Freeze-Fractured Biomembranes Using Computer Simulation Techniques

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
D.J. Benefiel ◽  
R.S. Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Integral Membrane Proteins ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Intramembrane Particles ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Freeze Fracture Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fracture Electron ◽  
Computer Simulation Techniques

Intramembrane particles (IMP or MAP) are components of most biomembranes. They are visualized by freeze-fracture electron microscopy, and they probably represent replicas of integral membrane proteins. The presence of MAP in biomembranes has been extensively investigated but their detailed ultrastructure has been largely ignored. In this study, we have attempted to lay groundwork for a systematic evaluation of MAP ultrastructure. Using mathematical modeling methods, we have simulated the electron optical appearances of idealized globular proteins as they might be expected to appear in replicas under defined conditions. By comparing these images with the apearances of MAPs in replicas, we have attempted to evaluate dimensional and shape distortions that may be introduced by the freeze-fracture technique and further to deduce the actual shapes of integral membrane proteins from their freezefracture images.

scholarly journals Automated electron microscopy for evaluating two-dimensional crystallization of membrane proteins

2010 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Hu ◽  
Martin Vink ◽  
Changki Kim ◽  
KD Derr ◽  
John Koss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Two Dimensional

SELF-ORGANIZED DISTRIBUTION OF EXTREMELY SMALL Ti QUANTUM DOTS IN SiO2

NANO ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. RABALAIS ◽  
J. P. ZHAO ◽  
D. X. HUANG ◽  
W. K. CHU
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vacuum Annealing ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Particle Spacing ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dimensional Distribution

Self-organized extremely small Ti nanodots have been formed in the subsurface of SiO 2 by implantation of isotopic 48 Ti + at a kinetic energy of 9 keV into (0001) Z-cut quartz, followed by a vacuum annealing process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that the Ti nanodots have a two-dimensional distribution, i.e., a uniform size as small as 3.8 nm and relatively uniform positions with nearly constant inter-particle spacing of ~ 1.5 nm. A mechanism for the two-dimensional spatial distribution and the inhibition of chemical reactions between Ti and SiO 2 is discussed.

Size distribution and average size parameters of casein micelles determined by electron microscopy in bovine milk between pH 5·5 and 6·7. A comparison of several evaluation methods

1991 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk J. Vreeman ◽  
Bas W. van Markwijk ◽  
Paula Both
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Casein Micelles ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
Average Size

SummaryThe conversion of the two-dimensional size distribution of casein micelles, observed by electron microscopy in a plane section, to the three dimensional distribution is discussed and the average size parameters evaluated by several methods are compared. It is shown that parameters containing the −1 moment of the two-dimensional distribution, i.e. Dn, the number of micelles per unit volume and the width of the size distribution, are sometimes uncertain. The occurrence of negative numbers in some of the classes of the distribution is discussed and remedies are suggested. Sections were made by freeze-fracturing skim milk samples; the pH of the milk was between 5·5 and 6·7.

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