Latency of oxygen toxicity of the central nervous system in rats as a function of carbon dioxide production and partial pressure of oxygen

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Arieli
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Tracheal Pulsation in the Flea

1938 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. HERFORD
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

1. The phenomenon of tracheal pulsation has been demonstrated in three different species of fleas. 2. It is shown to be independent of the other body rhythms, such as those of the heart and gut. 3. Experiments are described showing the effect of oxygen, carbon dioxide, evacuation and of sectioning the central nervous system. 4. Three theories are put forward to explain the phenomenon, and their relative merits are discussed.

Diving medicine

2010 ◽  
pp. 1416-1422
Author(s):  
D.M. Denison ◽  
M.A. Glover
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Diving Medicine ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Diving remains the principal means of exploring and exploiting shallower underwater zones. Immersion and rapid increase in pressure with depth cause most problems unique to diving. Gas density, partial pressures, and solubility vary proportionately with ambient pressure. At elevated partial pressure, nitrogen becomes narcotic, as can other inert gases, and contaminants barely detectable at the surface can become toxic as their partial pressures rise with depth. Hyperoxia irritates the lungs and the central nervous system, and sometimes causing generalized seizures. A safe gas mixture at depth can become hypoxic as the partial pressure of oxygen decreases during the return to surface....

scholarly journals Water Balance in the Tick Ornithodoros Moubata Murray, with Particular Reference to the Influence of Carbon Dioxide on the Uptake and Loss of Water

1954 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
T. O. BROWNING
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Ornithodoros Moubata ◽  
The Central Nervous System

1. A study has been made of the exchanges of water between the atmosphere and the tick Ornithodoros moubata. 2. Unfed nymphs are able to abstract water from moist air (95% R.H.) and to restrict their rate of water loss in dry air. 3. This ability is lost (a) in atmospheres containing 30-45% CO2; (b) in atmospheres containing more than 90% N2 (c) immediately after the tick is fed; (d) gradually after the tick has been starved for some five months. 4. It has been shown that the effect of high (30-45%) concentrations of CO2 is mainly upon the activity of the epidermal cells, possibly mediated through the central nervous system. The concentration required to cause opening of the spiracles is only about 5%.

scholarly journals Respiration in the Desert Locust

1960 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Thoracic Ganglion ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Metathoracic Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System

1. Normal (dorso-ventral) and three auxiliary ventilating mechanisms (neck, prothoracic and abdominal longitudinal) are described in the non-flying Schistocerca gregaria. 2. Neck and prothoracic ventilation together contribute 14% of the maximum volume of air pumped by the insect. Head ganglion receptors must be stimulated for these forms to appear. 3. The metathoracic ganglion may contain a pacemaker controlling the frequency and amplitude of all forms of ventilation. Each head and thoracic ganglion contains carbon-dioxide receptors which modify the activity of the pacemaker. There is no control from the abdomen in the intact insect, or from receptors outside the central nervous system. 4. Oscilloscope recordings from the isolated central nervous system demonstrate a rhythm, which is modified and possibly initiated by carbon dioxide. 5. It is suggested that carbon dioxide normally provides a more important ventilatory stimulus than oxygen lack.

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