The role of metformin on lung cancer survival: the first systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan Brancher ◽  
Ana Elisa Ribeiro ◽  
Tatiana Natasha Toporcov ◽  
Elisabete Weiderpass
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lung Cancer Survival

scholarly journals Selenium and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Kohler ◽  
Janet Foote ◽  
Connor Kelley ◽  
Ana Florea ◽  
Colleen Shelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association

Several studies have investigated the potential role of selenium (Se) in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with disparate findings. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence of any association between Se and T2D. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Approach (PRISMA). Sixteen studies from 15 papers met inclusion criteria defined for this review. Of the 13 observational studies included, 8 demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between concentrations of Se and odds for T2D, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) ranging from 1.52 (1.01–2.28) to 7.64 (3.34–17.46), and a summary odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of 2.03 (1.51–2.72). In contrast, among randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of Se, a higher risk of T2D was not observed for those who received Se compared to a placebo (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 0.95–1.47). Taken together, the results for the relationship between Se and T2D differ between observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs). It remains unclear whether these differences are the result of uncontrolled confounding in the observational studies, or whether there is a modest effect of Se on the risk for T2D that may vary by duration of exposure. Further investigations on the effects of Se on glucose metabolism are needed.

scholarly journals Brain Metastases Status and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Hu ◽  
Zhi-Yong Xu ◽  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Xi Liu ◽  
Si-Cong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundBrain metastases (BMs) indicate poor outcomes and are commonly excluded in immunotherapy clinical trials in advanced lung cancer; moreover, the effect of BM status on immunotherapy efficacy is inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the influence of BM status on immunotherapy efficacy in advanced lung cancer.MethodsElectronic databases and all major conference proceedings were searched without language restrictions according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. We extracted randomized clinical trials on lung cancer immunotherapy that had available overall survival (OS) and/or progression-free survival (PFS) data based on the BM status. All analyses were performed using random effects models.ResultsFourteen randomized clinical trials with 9,089 patients were identified. Immunotherapy conferred a survival advantage to BM patients [OS-hazard ratio (HR), 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58–0.90; P = 0.004; and PFS-HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52–0.87, P = 0.003]. Non-BM patients could also derive a survival benefit from immunotherapy (OS-HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.71–0.80; P <0.001; and PFS-HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56–0.82, P <0.001). The pooled ratios of OS-HRs and PFS-HRs reported in BM patients versus non-BM patients were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.78–1.18; P = 0.72) and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.79–1.20; P = 0.78), respectively, indicating no statistically significant difference between them. Subsequent sensitivity analyses did not alter the results. Subgroup analyses according to tumor type, line of therapy, immunotherapy type, study design, and representation of BM patients reconfirmed these findings.ConclusionWe demonstrated that BM status did not significantly influence the immunotherapy efficacy in lung cancer, suggesting that both BM and non-BM patients could obtain comparable benefits.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42020207446).

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Differences and Lung Cancer Survival—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Finke ◽  
Gundula Behrens ◽  
Linda Weisser ◽  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
Lina Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Lung Cancer Survival

Effects of statin exposure and lung cancer survival: A meta-analysis of observational studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Chen ◽  
Xiaoli Li ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Yuhong Xia ◽  
Zhuo Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lung Cancer Survival
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document