Experimental infection of Haemonchus contortus strains resistant and susceptible to benzimidazoles and the effect on mast cells distribution in the stomach of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Königová ◽  
Gabriela Hrčkova ◽  
Samuel Velebný ◽  
Július Čorba ◽  
Marián Várady
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils

scholarly journals Effect of albendazole therapy on susceptible and resistant Haemonchus contortus larvae in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) and distribution of inflammatory cells in the stomach wall

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Königová ◽  
G. Hrčková ◽  
S. Velebný ◽  
M. Dolinská ◽  
L. Molnár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Stomach Wall ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Innate Immunity Cells ◽  
Post Therapy

AbstractThe effect of albendazole therapy on the reduction of drugsusceptible and drug-resistant strains of Haemonchus contortus larvae on day 10 post infection (p.i.), distribution and the relative numbers of innate immunity cells — eosinophils/neutrophils and mast cells in the stomach wall of immunosupressed Mongolian gerbils on days 4/1, 7/4, 10/7 and 14/11 post infection/post therapy (p.i./p.t.) were investigated in the present study. The efficacy of albendazole was significantly lower on benzimidazole (BZ) resistant larvae (L3 and L4 stages) (58.92 %) than the efficacy on susceptible strain of larvae (94.15 %). H. contortus infection elicited strong inflammation in mucosal and submucosal layers of the stomach, where mucosal mast cells MMC) were in the highest numbers in the lamina propria mucosae on day 7/4 p.i./p.t. Reduction of larval numbers following treatment resulted in a gradual decrease of MMC and connective tissue mast cells (CTMC). The lower counts of CTMC in the submucosa were seen in gerbils infected with BZ-susceptible strain during the whole period post therapy. In case of infection with BZ-resistant strain, peroxidase containig cells (eosinophils) peaked on day 7/4 p.i./p.t., whereas infection with BZ-susceptible strain elicited massive accumulation of these cells on day 4/1 p.i./p.t., particularly in the submucosa. No marked differences in eosinophils localisation were observed between both groups after the therapy. Goblet cells were found only in the proximal parts of glandulae gastricae close to the mucosal surface and no differences in the distribution in the stomach wall of both groups of animals were observed. After therapy the higher larval counts in case of BZ-resistant strain were in the correlation with the lower decline of CTMC and eosinophils, but MMC numbers were not significantly different between both treated groups. Present data indicate that in early stage post infection, the distribution of individual innate immunity cells might be directly affected by the larvae, and that the genetic and consequently biological differences related to the resistance to benzimidazoles probably had the impact on the interactions of larvae with the different immune cells in their niche.

scholarly journals Screening of Model Animals for Experimental Infection with Equine Cyathostomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Š. Scháňková ◽  
I. Langrová ◽  
I. Jankovská ◽  
J. Vadlejch ◽  
Z. Čadková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils

Abstract Various laboratory animals – mice (Mus musculus) of six strains, rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), rats (Rattus norvegicus), and Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were experimentally infected with larvae of small strongyles (Cyathostominae), obtained from horse faeces and cultured to the infective larval stage L3. The attempt to transfer cyathostome larvae was aimed at developing a model for the investigation of different aspects of the life cycle and biology of these nematodes in the laboratory. Some animals were immunized (hydrocortisone) for the duration of the study. The laboratory animals were orally infected with 2–10 thousand sheathed or ex-sheathed L3 larvae of mixed cyathostome species. All attempts to inoculate any animal failed; there was no larval development in the experimental rodents and it can be stated that none of the investigated animals may serve as a suitable model host for horse nematodes of the subfamily Cyathostominae.

scholarly journals Cloning of the cDNAs for mast-cell chymases from the jejunum of Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, and their sequence similarities with chymases expressed in the connective-tissue mast cells of mice and rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 314 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi ITOH ◽  
Yuko MURAKUMO ◽  
Masaki TOMITA ◽  
Hisamitsu IDE ◽  
Takahiko KOBAYASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Mongolian Gerbil ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Mast Cell Protease ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells

By using the combination of reverse-transcription PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends methods, two distinct cDNAs encoding mast-cell proteases (chymases; MCPs), designated as gMCP-1 and -2, were successfully cloned and sequenced from the jejunum of Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. On the basis of a comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences with those of known rodent mast-cell chymases, gMCP-1 was found to be highly similar to mouse mast-cell protease (mMCP)-4 and rat mast-cell protease (rMCP)-1, while gMCP-2 was similar to mMCP-5 and rMCP-3. Although mMCP-4 and -5 and rMCP-1 and -3 were restrictedly or mainly expressed in connective-tissue mast cells and serosal mast cells, the gMCP-1 and -2 genes were mainly transcribed in the jejunal mucosa and to a lesser extent in the skin and tongue. Moreover, kinetic study after infection revealed that the amounts of the gMCP-1 and -2 mRNAs in jejunum paralleled well the degree of intestinal mastocytosis. The expression of gMCP-1 and -2 in mucosal mast cells of gerbil jejunum was also confirmed by in situ hybridization. Since a tryptase, another type of MCP, was also expressed in mucosal mast cells of gerbils but not in those of mice and rats, the expression of MCPs in mucosal mast cells of gerbils is different from those of mice and rats. The Mongolian gerbil would be a useful model with which to investigate the physiopathological role of MCPs.

scholarly journals Bioavailability of β-carotene (βC) from purple carrots is the same as typical orange carrots while high-βC carrots increase βC stores in Mongolian gerbils(Meriones unguiculatus)

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Porter Dosti ◽  
Jordan P. Mills ◽  
Philipp W. Simon ◽  
Sherry A. Tanumihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Β Carotene

Vitamin A (VA) deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Biofortifying existing sources of β-carotene (βC) and increasing dietary βC could help combat the issue. Two studies were performed to investigate the relative βC bioavailability of a βC supplement to purple, high-βC orange, and typical orange carrots using Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). In study 1, which used a traditional bioavailability design, gerbils (n32) received a diet containing orange, purple, or white carrot powder, or white carrot powder +a βC supplement. In study 2, which included βC-biofortified carrots, gerbils (n 39) received orange, high-βC orange, purple, or white carrot powder in their diet. Both studies lasted 21 d and the gerbils were killed to determine the effect of carrot type or supplement on serum and liver βC, α-carotene, and VA concentrations. Liver stores of βC or VA in the gerbils did not differ between orange and purple carrot diets when equal amounts of βC from each of the diets were consumed (P>0·05). Both the orange and purple carrot diet resulted in higher liver VA compared with the supplement (P<0·05). High-βC carrots resulted in more than 2-fold higher βC and 1·1 times greater VA liver stores compared with typical orange carrots (P<0·05). These results suggest that high-βC carrots may be an alternative source of VA to typical carrots in areas of VA deficiency. Second, phenolics including anthocyanins and phenolic acids in purple carrot do not interfere with the bioavailability of βC from purple carrots.

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