Comparative brain architecture of the European shore crab Carcinus maenas (Brachyura) and the common hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus (Anomura) with notes on other marine hermit crabs

2012 ◽  
Vol 348 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Krieger ◽  
Andy Sombke ◽  
Florian Seefluth ◽  
Matthes Kenning ◽  
Bill S. Hansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
The Common ◽  
Brain Architecture ◽  
Pagurus Bernhardus

Two-Dimensional Records Of The Eyecup Movements Of The Crab Carcinus

1969 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-682
Author(s):  
W. J. P. BARNES ◽  
G. A. HORRIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Moving Stimulus ◽  
Light Stimuli ◽  
The Common

1. The eyecup movements of the common shore crab, Carcinus maenas L., have been recorded in two dimensions. 2. Saccades and eyecup drift occur in all directions. Eyecup tremor is a complex irregular movement although horizontal tremor predominates in most crabs. 3. Although the response to the movement of the light in a circle is usually an approximate circle or ellipse, rectangular responses are occasionally obtained and the eyecup often moves in a stepwise fashion in response to a smooth diagonal movement of the light. 4. The angle of response to a diagonal movement depends on the ratio of the response to horizontal and vertical movements alone. The eye is virtually stabilized in all planes by a contrasting object but never fixates upon a moving stimulus. 5. No torsional or twisting movements of the eyecups were obtained in response to light stimuli.

scholarly journals Microplastics disrupt hermit crab shell selection

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 20200030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Crump ◽  
Charlotte Mullens ◽  
Emily J. Bethell ◽  
Eoghan M. Cunningham ◽  
Gareth Arnott
Keyword(s):  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Information Gathering ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Pagurus Bernhardus

Microplastics (plastics < 5 mm) are a potential threat to marine biodiversity. However, the effects of microplastic pollution on animal behaviour and cognition are poorly understood. We used shell selection in common European hermit crabs ( Pagurus bernhardus ) as a model to test whether microplastic exposure impacts the essential survival behaviours of contacting, investigating and entering an optimal shell. We kept 64 female hermit crabs in tanks containing either polyethylene spheres ( n = 35) or no plastic ( n = 29) for 5 days. We then transferred subjects into suboptimal shells and placed them in an observation tank with an optimal alternative shell. Plastic-exposed hermit crabs showed impaired shell selection: they were less likely than controls to contact optimal shells or enter them. They also took longer to contact and enter the optimal shell. Plastic exposure did not affect time spent investigating the optimal shell. These results indicate that microplastics impair cognition (information-gathering and processing), disrupting an essential survival behaviour in hermit crabs.

Influences on movement and migration in the hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lancaster ◽  
G.D. Wigham
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
South West ◽  
Pagurus Bernhardus ◽  
And Migration ◽  
South West England

Dispersion in a littoral population of Pagurus bernhardus in south-west England is shown to be random, with members demonstrating no evidence of site attachment. Movement patterns within the population are shown to be asynchronous and random, and to be dictated by the quantity and quality of each individual's shell contacts. These, in turn, affect the time that individuals spend within the habitat. This implies that population dynamics and residence times are so influenced by the availability of suitable empty gastropod shells that movement and migration in hermit crabs should be regarded as resource-dependent phenomena.

scholarly journals Transition from sea to land: olfactory function and constraints in the terrestrial hermit crab Coenobita clypeatus

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1742) ◽  
pp. 3510-3519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Sara Krång ◽  
Markus Knaden ◽  
Kathrin Steck ◽  
Bill S. Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Opposite Polarity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Pagurus Bernhardus ◽  
Chemical Groups

The ability to identify chemical cues in the environment is essential to most animals. Apart from marine larval stages, anomuran land hermit crabs ( Coenobita ) have evolved different degrees of terrestriality, and thus represent an excellent opportunity to investigate adaptations of the olfactory system needed for a successful transition from aquatic to terrestrial life. Although superb processing capacities of the central olfactory system have been indicated in Coenobita and their olfactory system evidently is functional on land, virtually nothing was known about what type of odourants are detected. Here, we used electroantennogram (EAG) recordings in Coenobita clypeatus and established the olfactory response spectrum. Interestingly, different chemical groups elicited EAG responses of opposite polarity, which also appeared for Coenobita compressus and the closely related marine hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus. Furthermore, in a two-choice bioassay with C. clypeatus, we found that water vapour was critical for natural and synthetic odourants to induce attraction or repulsion. Strikingly, also the physiological response was found much greater at higher humidity in C. clypeatus , whereas no such effect appeared in the terrestrial vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster . In conclusion, our results reveal that the Coenobita olfactory system is restricted to a limited number of water-soluble odourants, and that high humidity is most critical for its function.

The effect of prey shape on the predatory behaviour of the common shore crab,carcinus maenas(L.)

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel J. Kaiser ◽  
Roger N. Hughes ◽  
Robin N. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Predatory Behaviour ◽  
The Common

Observations on two infectious agents found within the rootlets of the parasitic barnacle, Sacculina carcini

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Russell ◽  
G. Walker ◽  
R. Woollen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sacculina Carcini ◽  
The Common ◽  
Respective Host

Two types of infectious agent within rootlet cells of the parasitic barnacle, Sacculina carcini have been recognized by transmission electron microscopy. The rootlets were dissected from the common shore crab, Carcinus maenas, collected from two locales—Plymouth and Pwllheli. Yeast cells were identified within cells of S. carcini rootlets from crabs collected at both locations and an iridovirus was also found, but only in rootlets from Plymouth crabs. These infectious agents were never found co-occurring in the rootlets from Plymouth crabs. Both agents, when present in rootlets, were also present in the respective host crab tissues. It is therefore concluded that S. carcini rootlets are susceptible to invasion from natural infectious agents of the host crab.

A Comparison of the Methods of Molt Staging According to Drach and to Adelung in the Common Shore Crab, Carcinus maenas

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 754-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-Dieter Spindler ◽  
Dieter Adelung ◽  
Catherine Tchernigovtzeff
Keyword(s):  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Molting Hormone ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
The Common

Abstract Molt stages of juvenile Carcinus maenas were determined independently according to the methods of Drach and of Adelung. With the exception of stage DO the two systems agree rather well over the whole intermolt cycle. The molting hormone contents of animals regenerating several lim bs and whose molt stages were determined according to Drach are in the same range as the values published by Adelung.

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