Satellite and ground observations of the June 2009 eruption of Sarychev Peak volcano, Matua Island, Central Kuriles

Matua Island is of volcanic origin and was formed by Sarychev Peak volcano. The island is a place of a specific anthropogenic landscape. Its structure was substantially changed by fortification constructions and other military objects. Analogues of such a landscape weren't described in scientific literature, thus, perhaps, it may be considered unique for Russia and it merits more detailed and indepth review. Results of ground penetration radar (GPR) survey of soil-pyroclastic cover of the island's southeastern part are presented, which include also an investigation of certain subsurface military objects, the greater part of which is unexplored. It's established that existence of objects, various soil disturbances, downwrappings, anthropogenic or natural faults can be located by some radiophysical indicators — details of the reflected pulse, disturbance of pulse lineups, numerous phase shifts and repeated rereflections. It is shown that elaborated methods and increased power GPR with 50—250 MHz antennas to be applied can effectively solve these tasks on complex multilayer and moist volcanic soils.

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Investigation of Ionospheric Response to June 2009 Sarychev Peak Volcano Eruption

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13040638 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 638

Author(s):

Nikolay Shestakov ◽

Alexander Orlyakovskiy ◽

Natalia Perevalova ◽

Nikolay Titkov ◽

Danila Chebrov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acoustic Mode ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Electron Content ◽

Field Zone ◽

Ionospheric Response ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Volcano Eruption ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Global Navigation Satellite ◽

Sarychev Peak

Global Navigation Satellite Systems have been extensively used to investigate the ionosphere response to various natural and man-made phenomena for the last three decades. However, ionospheric reaction to volcano eruptions is still insufficiently studied and understood. In this work we analyzed the ionospheric response to the 11–16 June 2009 VEI class 4 Sarychev Peak volcano eruption by using surrounding Russian and Japanese GPS networks. Prominent covolcanictotal electron content (TEC)ionospheric disturbances (CVIDs) with amplitudes and periods ranged between 0.03–0.15 TECU and 2.5–4.5 min were discovered for the three eruptive events occurred at 18:51 UT, 14 June; at 01:15 and 09:18 UT, 15 June 2009. The estimates of apparent CVIDs velocities vary within 700–1000 m/s in the far-field zone (300–900 km to the southwest from the volcano) and 1300–1800 m/s in close proximity toSarychev Peak. The characteristics of the observed TEC variations allow us to attribute them to acoustic mode. The south-southwestward direction is preferred for CVIDs propagation. We concluded that the ionospheric response to a volcano eruption is mainly determined by a ratio between explosion strength and background ionization level. Some evidence of secondary (F2-layer) CVIDs’ source eccentric location were obtained.

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Opportunistic validation of sulfur dioxide in the Sarychev Peak volcanic eruption cloud

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ◽

10.5194/amt-4-1705-2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 1705-1712 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

S. A. Carn ◽

T. M. Lopez

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Limited Data ◽

Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽

Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽

Eruption Cloud ◽

Kurile Islands ◽

Volcanic Cloud ◽

Ozone Monitoring ◽

Lidar Observations ◽

Sarychev Peak

Abstract. We report attempted validation of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) sulfur dioxide (SO2) retrievals in the stratospheric volcanic cloud from Sarychev Peak (Kurile Islands) in June 2009, through opportunistic deployment of a ground-based ultraviolet (UV) spectrometer (FLYSPEC) as the volcanic cloud drifted over central Alaska. The volcanic cloud altitude (~12–14 km) was constrained using coincident CALIPSO lidar observations. By invoking some assumptions about the spatial distribution of SO2, we derive averages of FLYSPEC vertical SO2 columns for comparison with OMI SO2 measurements. Despite limited data, we find minimum OMI-FLYSPEC differences within measurement uncertainties, which support the validity of the operational OMI SO2 algorithm. However, our analysis also highlights the challenges involved in comparing datasets representing markedly different spatial and temporal scales. This effort represents the first attempt to validate SO2 in a stratospheric volcanic cloud using a mobile ground-based instrument, and demonstrates the need for a network of rapidly deployable instruments for validation of space-based volcanic SO2 measurements.

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