Solving the cost to go with time penalization using the Lagrange optimization approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio B. Clempner
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Approach ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals HapSolo: an optimization approach for removing secondary haplotigs during diploid genome assembly and scaffolding

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin A. Solares ◽  
Yuan Tao ◽  
Anthony D. Long ◽  
Brandon S. Gaut
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Anopheles Funestus ◽  
Hill Climbing ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Downstream Analysis ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Despite marked recent improvements in long-read sequencing technology, the assembly of diploid genomes remains a difficult task. A major obstacle is distinguishing between alternative contigs that represent highly heterozygous regions. If primary and secondary contigs are not properly identified, the primary assembly will overrepresent both the size and complexity of the genome, which complicates downstream analysis such as scaffolding. Results Here we illustrate a new method, which we call HapSolo, that identifies secondary contigs and defines a primary assembly based on multiple pairwise contig alignment metrics. HapSolo evaluates candidate primary assemblies using BUSCO scores and then distinguishes among candidate assemblies using a cost function. The cost function can be defined by the user but by default considers the number of missing, duplicated and single BUSCO genes within the assembly. HapSolo performs hill climbing to minimize cost over thousands of candidate assemblies. We illustrate the performance of HapSolo on genome data from three species: the Chardonnay grape (Vitis vinifera), with a genome of 490 Mb, a mosquito (Anopheles funestus; 200 Mb) and the Thorny Skate (Amblyraja radiata; 2650 Mb). Conclusions HapSolo rapidly identified candidate assemblies that yield improvements in assembly metrics, including decreased genome size and improved N50 scores. Contig N50 scores improved by 35%, 9% and 9% for Chardonnay, mosquito and the thorny skate, respectively, relative to unreduced primary assemblies. The benefits of HapSolo were amplified by down-stream analyses, which we illustrated by scaffolding with Hi-C data. We found, for example, that prior to the application of HapSolo, only 52% of the Chardonnay genome was captured in the largest 19 scaffolds, corresponding to the number of chromosomes. After the application of HapSolo, this value increased to ~ 84%. The improvements for the mosquito’s largest three scaffolds, representing the number of chromosomes, were from 61 to 86%, and the improvement was even more pronounced for thorny skate. We compared the scaffolding results to assemblies that were based on PurgeDups for identifying secondary contigs, with generally superior results for HapSolo.

Optimizing Skyscrapers' Spatial Integrated DSF-MTMD System Under Wind Loads

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Lavan ◽  
Liran Anaby
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Wind Effects ◽  
Mass Damper ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Formal Optimization

<p>From a structural engineering point of view, wind effects pose one of the major challenges to tall buildings. From a performance/architectural point of view, climatologic aspects pose a major challenge. Remedies for each challenge separately have been proposed. One of the remedies for wind effects is the Tunes-Mass-Damper (TMD) or multiple TMD's. To mitigate climatological issues, the Double-Skin-Façade (DSF) has been developed. Recently it has been suggested to take advantage of the space between the two skins of the DSF system to allocate TMD's.</p><p>In this work, another step is taken towards a single remedy for both challenges. A modified version of the TMD-DSF system proposed by Moon (2016) is presented. That is, parts of the mass of the DSF envelope itself are used as part of a multiple TMD (MTMD) system. This is obtained by connecting these parts to the building using springs and dampers while allowing the DSF to move parallel to the floor edges. Furthermore, the DSF-MTMD system is optimized using a formal optimization approach. The optimization indicates which parts of the envelope should be connected to the building rigidly and which should be used as TMD's. Furthermore, the properties of the springs and the dampers are determined by minimizing the cost associated with transforming the DSF system to a DSF-MTMD system and limiting wind responses to desired values.</p>

OPTIMAL ENERGY DESIGN AND RETROFIT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE TURKISH BUILDING SECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-90
Author(s):  
Selçuk Sayin ◽  
Godfried Augenbroe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT This paper introduces methodologies and optimal strategies to reduce the energy consumption of the building sector with the aim to reduce global energy usage of a given .region or country. Many efforts are underway to develop investment strategies for large-scale energy retrofits and stricter energy design standards for existing and future buildings. This paper presents a study that informs these strategies in a novel way. It introduces support for the cost-optimized retrofits of existing, and design improvements of new buildings in Turkey with the aim to offer recommendations to individual building owners as well as guidance to the market. Three building types, apartment, single-family house and office are analyzed with a novel optimization approach. The energy performance of each type is simulated in five different climate regions of Turkey and four different vintages. For each vintage, the building is modelled corresponding to local Turkish regulations that applied at the time of construction. Optimum results are produced for different goals in terms of energy saving targets. The optimization results reveal that a 50% energy saving target is attainable for the retrofit and a 40% energy saving target is attainable for new design improvements for each building type in all climate regions.

scholarly journals Designing a model to determine the preferred Islamic contract for a bank facilities applicant

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Marzieh Jahani ◽  
Parastoo Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Compromise Solution ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Hierarchy Process

This paper aims to present a model to determine the preferred Islamic contract for the bank facilities applicant in the industrial sector. For this purpose we use a consolidated method which includes the compromise solution multi-criteria optimization in the first phase, and the calculation of the cost of financing for the applicant of facilities in the second phase. Afterwards, by using the output of the both-phase, the preferred Islamic contract based on the combinational criterion has been determined for the applicant of the facilities. According to the fact that in the financing of the projects, in addition to the criteria related to the cost of financing, the qualitative criteria are also important, so both the qualitative and quantitative criteria have been considered in this research. In this study, we used four widely applied Islamic contracts (Jo’aalah Instalment sales, Hire purchase, Participation). The assessment criteria of the Islamic contracts have been extracted in the form of a questionnaire based on the previous studies and the expert’s point of view. In the first phase, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used in order to determine the weights of the evaluation criteria of the Islamic contracts; and, in order to select an appropriate contract for the applicant, the compromise solution multi-criteria optimization approach (VIKOR), which is based on the decision matrix, was used. In the second phase, the cost of financing from the bank was estimated for the applicant of the facilities in the four contracts. Finally, the obtained results of the qualitative questionnaire and the cost of financing from the bank have been combined; thus, the preferred contract for the applicant of facilities has been determined based on a combinational criterion.

scholarly journals A method for estimating Hill function-based dynamic models of gene regulatory networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 171226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizan Ehsan Elahi ◽  
Ammar Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulatory Networks ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Continuous Models ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
The Cost

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are quite large and complex. To better understand and analyse GRNs, mathematical models are being employed. Different types of models, such as logical, continuous and stochastic models, can be used to describe GRNs. In this paper, we present a new approach to identify continuous models, because they are more suitable for large number of genes and quantitative analysis. One of the most promising techniques for identifying continuous models of GRNs is based on Hill functions and the generalized profiling method (GPM). The advantage of this approach is low computational cost and insensitivity to initial conditions. In the GPM, a constrained nonlinear optimization problem has to be solved that is usually underdetermined. In this paper, we propose a new optimization approach in which we reformulate the optimization problem such that constraints are embedded implicitly in the cost function. Moreover, we propose to split the unknown parameter in two sets based on the structure of Hill functions. These two sets are estimated separately to resolve the issue of the underdetermined problem. As a case study, we apply the proposed technique on the SOS response in Escherichia coli and compare the results with the existing literature.

scholarly journals Cost-Optimized Heat and Power Supply for Residential Buildings: The Cost-Reducing Effect of Forming Smart Energy Neighborhoods

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5093
Author(s):  
Christoph Bahret ◽  
Ludger Eltrop
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Neighborhood Scale ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
The Cost

The Clean Energy for all Europeans Package by the EU aims, among other things, to enable collective self-consumption for various forms of energy. This step towards more prosumer-based and decentralized energy systems comes at a time when energy planning at a neighborhood scale is on the rise in many countries. It is widely assumed that—from a prosumer’s cost-perspective—shared conversion and storage technologies supplying more than a single building can be advantageous. However, it is not clear whether this is the case generally or only under certain conditions. By analyzing idealized building clusters at different degrees of urbanization (DOU), a linear-optimization approach is used to study the cost difference between shared energy infrastructure (smart energy neighborhoods, SENs) and individually planned buildings. This procedure is carried out for various emission reduction targets. The results show, that with higher emission reduction targets the advantage of SENs increases within rural environments and can reach up to 16%. Nevertheless, there are constellations in which the share of energetic infrastructure among buildings does not lead to any economic advantages. For example, in the case of building clusters with less than four buildings, almost no cost advantage is found. The result of this study underlines the importance of energy system planning within the process of urban planning.

Optimal Design of Underwater Shells With Active Stiffeners

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Akl ◽  
M. Ruzzene ◽  
A. Baz
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Noise Radiation ◽  
Stiffened Shells ◽  
Shell Vibration ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Controllability And Observability

Abstract The optimal design parameters of fluid-loaded shells, provided with actively controlled stiffeners, are determined using a rational multi-criteria optimization approach. The adopted approach aims at simultaneously minimizing the shell vibration, associated sound radiation, weight of the stiffening rings, the control energy, and the cost of the shell/stiffeners assembly while maximizing the controllability and observability indices. A finite element model is presented to predict the vibration and noise radiation from cylindrical shells, with active stiffeners, into the surrounding fluid domain. The production cost as well as the life cycle and maintenance costs of the stiffened shells are computed using the Parametric Review of Information for Costing and Evaluation (PRICE) model. A Pareto/min-max multi-criteria optimization approach is then utilized to select the optimal locations and dimensions of the active stiffeners. Numerical examples are presented to compare the vibration and noise radiation characteristics of me optimally designed/controlled stiffened shells with the corresponding characteristics of plain un-stiffened and uncontrolled shells. The obtained results emphasize me importance of the adopted multi-criteria optimization approach in the design of quiet, low weight and low cost underwater shells which are suitable for various critical applications.

When to Lock the Volatile Input Price? Procurement of Commodity Components Under Different Pricing Schemes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Chen ◽  
Junfei Lei ◽  
Kamran Moinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Input Price ◽  
Standard Contract ◽  
Ordering Policy ◽  
Pricing Scheme ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pricing Schemes

Problem definition: We study a two-stage supply chain, where the supplier procures a key component to manufacture a product and the buyer orders from the supplier to meet a price-sensitive demand. As the input price is volatile, the two parties enter into either a standard contract, where the buyer orders just before the supplier starts production, or a time-flexible contract, where the buyer can lock a wholesale price in advance. Moreover, we consider three selling-price schemes: Market Driven, Cost Plus, and Profit Max. Academic/practical relevance: This problem is motivated by real practices in the cloud industry. Our model and optimization approach can address similar problems in other industries as well. Methodology: We assume that the input price follows a geometric Brownian motion. To determine the optimal ordering time, we propose an optimization approach that is different from the classic approach by Dixit et al. ( 1994 ) and Li and Kouvelis ( 1999 ). Our approach leads to deeper analytical results and more transparent ordering policy. Through a numerical experimentation, we compare profitability of different parties under different contracts, pricing schemes, and market conditions. Results: The buyer’s ordering policy is determined by a threshold policy based on the current time and input price; the optimal threshold depends on not only the drift and volatility of the input price but also, their relative magnitude. The supplier’s optimal procurement time should be determined by analyzing a trade-off between the holding cost of storing the components and the future input-price movement. Managerial implications: Under the Profit-Max and the Cost-Plus pricing schemes, the time-flexible contract is a Pareto improvement compared with the standard contract, whereas under the Market-Driven pricing scheme, the supplier may be better off under the standard contract. Moreover, although the most favorable scenario for the buyer is under the Profit-Max pricing scheme, the most favorable scenario for the supplier oftentimes is under the Cost-Plus pricing scheme. Furthermore, this study provides valuable insights into impacts of various characteristics of the component market, such as the trend and volatility of the input price, on the expected profit of the supply chain and its split between the two parties.

Turbine Off-Line Water Wash Optimization Approach for Power Generation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Basendwah ◽  
P. Pilidis ◽  
Y. G. Li
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Ash Deposition ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Water Washing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Gains And Losses

Utility Gas turbine users are keen to use crude and heavy fuel oil as their prime operating fuels if they meet environmental regulations and are economically feasible. Fouling, or ash deposition, is one of the associated technical problems with burning such fuels. This paper intended to present new off-line water washing optimization approach for simple cycle gas turbines. In this approach, increased costs due to power loss and increased fuel consumption due to turbine fouling are analyzed. Gains and losses resulting from shutdown due to turbine washing and the cost of cleaning materials are estimated. These losses are compared with that of a clean engine to find the optimal turbine off-line water washing interval. A model gas turbine similar to the GE MS7001 EA has been built for the current study. Turbine fouling simulation and fouling detection have been determined by Cranfield University TURBOMATCH/PYTHIA software. The optimum washing interval for the datum engine is found to be once every fifteen continuous operating days. The effect of changing the washing frequency is shown on financial terms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document