Concept of the course "Numerical methods in object methodology"

The tasks for which computers were created - routine calculations of an industrial, scientific and military nature - required the creation of a whole class of new methods focused not on manual but on machine calculations. The first programming languages did not have convenient means for reflecting such objects often used in computational mathematics as matrices, vectors, polynomials, etc. Further development of programming languages followed the path of embedding mathematical objects into languages as data types, which led to their complication. So, for example, an attempt to make a universal language Ada, in which there are even such data types as dictionaries and queues, led to the fact that the number of keywords in it exceeded 350, making it almost unusable for learning and use. The compromise solution between these two extremes can be the following: let the programmer himself create the data types that he needs in his professional work. Programming languages that implement this approach are called object-oriented. This, on the one hand, makes it possible to make the language quite easy by reducing the number of keywords, and on the other, expandable, adapting to specific tasks by introducing keywords for creating and using new data types.

PT-MARCOS multi-attribute decision-making method under neutrosophic cubic environment

Neutrosophic cubic set (NCS) can process complex information by combining interval neutrosophic set and single-valued neutrosophic set. It can simultaneously describe the uncertain and certain part of information. Prospect theory (PT) is based on bounded rationality and can reflect decision maker’s different risk attitudes to gains and losses. Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) method can measure and rank the alternatives according to compromise solution. Considering the bounded rationality of decision makers and compromise solution of alternatives, this paper combines the PT with MARCOS method to neutrosophic cubic environment to solve multi-attribute decision-making problem. First, the theoretical basis of NCS is introduced. Second, the PT and MARCOS method are combined. To reflect subjective views of decision makers and the objectivity of decision-making information, this paper uses geometric average method to combine subjective weights (calculated by the best-worst method) and objective weights (calculated ed by the entropy method). Then, the PT-MARCOS method is applied to a decision-making problem. Further,a sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the influence of different attenuation factor values and different expectation coefficient on the ranking; and through comparative analysis to illustrate the superiority of the PT-MARCOS method. Finally is the conclusion.

Decision Support System in Scholarship Acceptance Selection Using The Vikor Method

This study aims to apply the vikor method in the selection of scholarship receipts at Bengkulu Dehasen University. Designing the process by describing how the VIKOR (Visekriterijumsko Kompromisno Rangeranje) method should be used based on criteria (indications, achievements, credits and living expenses) fulfilled by prospective scholarship recipients in accordance with the provisions of Dehasen Bengkulu University in selecting scholarship acceptance. Based on the results obtained it can be proven that the condition of Acceptable stability in decision making is fulfilled (Namely a smaller value than 1) and Intan P Can be proposed to be a compromise solution which is the best ranking of scholarship recipients ranking by this VIKOR (Visekriterijumsko Kompromisno Rangeranje) method.

Negotiation and mediation as a means of peaceful settlement of international economic disputes

Introduction. Interstate interaction and integration, on the one hand, are the key to the successful functioning of humanity, and on the other hand, they provoke the emergence of international differences and conflicts, including those of an economic nature. Successful settlement of economic differences in accordance with the principle of peaceful settlement of international disputes is a necessary condition for strengthening and developing international cooperation. The issue of peaceful settlement of economic disputes, including through the use of diplomatic means, has been studied by such authors as I.V. Grynchak, О.M. Malysheva, Z.V. Tropin, etc. The purpose of the paper is to determine the specifics of negotiation and mediation as political ways to resolve economic disputes peacefully. Results. In international legal doctrine, the most common is the division of peaceful means of resolving international disputes into diplomatic (political) and legal (judicial). The most common are negotiations, good services and mediation, international arbitration. International negotiations, as part of the system of international relations, on the one hand, feel their influence, acting as a tool in solving a range of foreign policy and, in some cases, domestic policy problems, on the other – themselves affect international relations, largely defining and shaping them. The difference between mediation and negotiation is that a third party intervenes in the dispute resolution process with the aim of reconciling the parties. At the same time, the role of the mediator is quite passive, the purpose of his activity is to establish a constructive dialogue between the conflicting states. Therefore, the result of applying this method in some cases can only be reduced to the resumption of negotiations. Conclusion. Negotiation and mediation are diplomatic (political) means of peaceful settlement of international economic disputes. Such means of resolving international economic disputes are used in the presence of a common will of the parties to resolve the conflict, and a common focus on finding a mutually beneficial and compromise solution to the dispute. A key difference between negotiation and mediation is the involvement of a third party in the mediation process, which helps the parties to reach an agreed and compromise solution.

VIKOR method for MCDM based on bipolar fuzzy soft β-covering based bipolar fuzzy rough set model and its application to site selection of solar power plant

Bipolarity indicates the positive and negative aspects of a particular problem. The concept behind the bipolarity is that a huge range of human decision analysis is involved in bipolar subjective thoughts. The VIKOR (Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje) which means multicriteria optimization and compromise solution, has already become a quite popular multi-criteria decision making tool for its computational simplicity and solution accuracy. In this article, we propose a hybrid model for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) based on bipolar fuzzy soft β-covering based bipolar fuzzy rough sets using VIKOR technique. It consists of a suitable redesign of the VIKOR approach so that it can use information with bipolar configurations. This method focuses on selecting and ranking from a set of feasible alternatives, and determines compromise solution for a problem with conflicting criteria to help the decision maker in reaching a final course of action. It determines the compromise ranking list based on the particular measure of closeness to the ideal solution. For illustration, the proposed technique is applied to a decision-making problems, namely, the selection of site for renewable energy project (solar power plant). A comparison of this method with another aggregation operator method and with the existing decision making algorithm Fuzzy VIKOR is also presented.

A Joint Optimization Model considering the Product User's Risk Preference for Supply System Disruption

Logistics distribution is the terminal link that connects the manufacturer and product user and determines the efficiency of the manufacturer’s service. Therefore, the disruption risk of the joint system is an essential factor affecting the product user experience. In this paper, while considering the product user’s supply disruption risk preference (PUSDRP), a biobjective integer nonlinear programming (INLP) model with subjective cost-utility is proposed to solve the manufacturer’s combined location routing inventory problem (CLRIP). According to the user’s time satisfaction requirement, a routing change selection framework (RCSF) is designed based on the bounded rational behavior of the user. Additionally, the Lagrange Relaxation and Modified Genetic Algorithm (LR-MGA) is proposed. The LR method relaxes the model, and the MGA finds a compromise solution. The experimental results show that the biobjective cost-utility model proposed in this paper is effective and efficient. The RCSF based on user behavior is superior to the traditional expected utility theory model. The compromise solution provides a better solution for the manufacturer order allocation delivery combinatorial optimization problem. The compromise solution not only reduces the manufacturer’s total operating cost but also improves the user's subjective utility. To improve the stability of cooperation between manufacturers and users, the behavior decision-making method urges manufacturers to consider product users’ supply disruption risk preferences (PUSDRPs) in attempting to optimize economic benefits for the long term. This paper uses behavior decision-making methods to expand the ideas of the CLRIP joint system.

REGIONAL AIRCRAFT SELECTION WITH FUZZY PIPRECIA AND FUZZY MARCOS: A CASE STUDY OF THE TURKISH AIRLINE INDUSTRY

Aircraft selection is an important issue in achieving long-term goals in the airline industry. For this issue in which multiple conflicting criteria are involved, the extant literature points to the use of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. In this respect, this study aims to propose a systematic and comprehensive framework with a focus on the regional aircraft selection perspective. To achieve this, an integrated fuzzy Pivot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment (F-PIPRECIA) and fuzzy Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution (F-MARCOS) approach was employed. In this study, in which six regional aircraft alternatives were evaluated according to 14 criteria, data were collected from five decision experts. As a result, it was found that the most pivotal criterion is C33 (Operational Cost), and the least important criterion is C12 (NOx). In addition, CRJ1000 was identified as the most promising regional aircraft alternative. The results of the application were further validated by applying a three-stage sensitivity analysis. The proposed structure is anticipated to assist airline managers in aircraft selection decisions under uncertainty by offering a robust and systematic tool.